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L-użu tal-art

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Page Mibdul l-aħħar 23 Nov 2020
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L-Ewropa hija waħda mill-kontinenti użati bl-aktar mod intensiv fuq il-globu, bl-ogħla sehem ta’ art (sa 80%) użat għal insedjament, sistemi ta’ protezzjoni (inklużi l-agrikoltura u l-foresterija) u infrastruttura. Ħafna drabi jirriżultaw kwistjonijiet konfliġġenti fl-użu tal-art, u dan jeħtieġ deċiżjonijiet li jkunu jinvolvu kompromessi iebsin. Jeżistu diversi determinanti importanti għall-użu tal-art fl-Ewropa: id-domanda dejjem tiżdied għal spazju għall-għixien għal kull persuna u l-konnessjoni bejn l-attività ekonomika, żieda fil-mobilità u t-tkabbir ta’ infrastruttura tat-trasport, ġeneralment jirriżultaw f’art użata. L-art hija riżors limitat: kif tintuża tikkostitwixxi waħda mir-raġunijiet prinċipali għal tibdil ambjentali, b’impatti sinifikanti fuq il-kwalità tal-ħajja u l-ekosistemi, kif ukoll fuq il-ġestjoni tal-infrastruttura.

L-Ewropa hija możajk ta’ pajsaġġi, li jirriflettu l-mudell evoluzzjonarju ta’ tibdiliet li l-użu tal-art għadda minnhom fl-imgħoddi. It-tibdilet ikomplu jalteraw il-pajsaġġ u l-ambjent tagħna llum, u jħallu impronti kbar u ħafna drabi irreversibbli fuq l-użu tal-art. It-tensjonijiet qegħdin jiżdiedu kważi kullimkien hekk kif il-ħtieġa tas-soċjetà kemm għar-riżorsi kif ukoll għall-ispazju, qed tikkonfliġġi mal-kapaċità tal-art li ssostni u tassorbi dawn il-ħtiġiet. Is-sitwazzjoni qed twassal għal użu abużiv u degradazzjoni dejjem tiżdied fil-pajsaġġi, fl-ekosistemi u fl-ambjent. Hi meħtieġa perspettiva ta’ mmaniġġjar fit-tul.

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Indicator Assessment
Archived
Land take Land take as a result of the expansion of residential areas and construction sites is the main cause of the increase in urban land coverage in Europe. Agricultural zones and, to a lesser extent, forests and semi-natural and natural areas are disappearing in favour of the development of artificial surfaces. This affects biodiversity since it decreases habitats and fragments the landscapes that support and connect them. Between 2006 and 2012, the annual land take in the European countries (EEA-39) assessed in the 2012 Corine land cover (CLC) project was approximately 107 000 ha/year. The figure for the 2000-2006 period was approximately 118 000 ha/year. In the 28 countries 1 covered by all three CLC assessment periods (1990-2000, 2000-2006 and 2006-2012), annual land take decreased by 10.5 % between 2000 and 2006, and by 13.5 % between 2006 and 2012. In absolute values, the annual land take in these 28 countries was 114 000 ha/year (1990-2000), 102 000 ha/year (2000-2006) and 98 500 ha/year (2006-2012). Between 2000 and 2006, more arable land and permanent crops were taken by artificial development than between 1990 and 2000, while fewer pastures and less mosaic farmland were taken over the same period. In fact, between 2006 and 2012, the types of land most taken for artificial development were arable land and permanent crops, followed by pastures and mixed agricultural areas.   1 The 28 countries covered by all three CLC assessment periods are AT, BE, BG, CZ, DE, DK, ES, EE, FR, GR, HR, HU, IE, IT, LT, LU, LV, ME, MT, NL, PL, PT, RO, RS, SI, SK, TR and UK.

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