Laying the foundations for greener transport — TERM 2011: transport indicators tracking progress towards environmental targets in Europe

Publication Created 26 Oct 2011 Published 09 Nov 2011
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EEA Report No 7/2011
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For the first time ever the European Commissions is proposing a greenhouse gas emissions target for transport. But how is transport going to provide the services that our society needs while minimising its environmental impacts? This is the theme for the Transport White Paper launched in 2011. TERM 2011 and future reports aim to deliver an annual assessment on progress towards these targets by introducing the Transport and Environment Reporting Mechanism Core Set of Indicators (TERM-CSI). TERM 2011 provides also the baseline to which progress will be checked against, covering most of the environmental areas, including energy consumption, emissions, noise and transport demand. In addition, this report shows latest data and discuss on the different aspects that can contribute the most to minimise transport impacts. TERM 2011 applies the avoid-shift-improve (ASI) approach, introduced in the previous TERM report, analysing ways to optimise transport demand, obtain a more sustainable modal split or use the best technology available.

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Annual mean NO2 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2009 - Annual mean PM10 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2009 Annual mean NO2 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2009 - Annual mean PM10 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2009 The two highest NO2 concentration classes (red and orange) correspond to the 2010 annual LV (40 μg/m3) and to the LV plus margin of tolerance (42 μg/m3). The two highest PM10 concentration classes (red and orange) correspond to the 2005 annual LV (40 μg/m3), and to a statistically derived level (31 μg/m3) corresponding to the 2005 daily LV. The lowest class corresponds to the WHO air quality guideline for PM10 of 20 μg/m3.
Evolution of capacity classes over the years (EU-27) Evolution of capacity classes over the years (EU-27) Graphs showing progression of the number of registrations and the capacity of the cars sold from 2000 to 2010.
Evolution of CO2 emissions from new passenger cars by fuel type Evolution of CO2 emissions from new passenger cars by fuel type Graph showing progression of average emissions for new cars versus 2015 and 2020 targets
Estimated specific emissions of CO2 by mode of transport (EEA-30) Estimated specific emissions of CO2 by mode of transport (EEA-30) Bar chart shows estimated specific emissions of CO2 for passenger and freight transport modes in 1995 and 2010
Trends in energy GHG emission factors and % renewable electricity (EU-27) Trends in energy GHG emission factors and % renewable electricity (EU-27) The figure displays the percentage of renewables in electricity generation for the total EU-27 countries, plus estimates of the carbon intensity of grid electricity and average transport energy in the EU-27.
Market for carsharing: scenario Analysis for Carsharing Members (Europe), 2008–2016 Market for carsharing: scenario Analysis for Carsharing Members (Europe), 2008–2016 Shows predicted growth in carshare members for three different compound annual growth rates: conservative; Frost & Sullivan scenario; optimistic
Personal car use in Europe Personal car use in Europe Graph showing distance travelled per person per annum by car
Passenger transport modal split (without sea and aviation, 2009) Passenger transport modal split (without sea and aviation, 2009) -
Trends in passenger transport demand and GDP (EEA-32 excluding Liechtenstein) Trends in passenger transport demand and GDP (EEA-32 excluding Liechtenstein) The two curves show the development in GDP and passenger transport volumes, while the columns show the level of annual decoupling. Light green indicates greater growth in GDP than in transport while dark green indicates stronger growth in transport than in GDP. The data refer to road, rail and bus modes of transport.
Road transport's market share increases strongly in EU-12 Road transport's market share increases strongly in EU-12 Graph showing the percentage split between road and rail freight for EU-12, EU-15 and EU-27
Freight transport volumes and GDP (EEA-32 excluding Liechtenstein) Freight transport volumes and GDP (EEA-32 excluding Liechtenstein) The two curves show the development in GDP and freight transport volumes, while the columns show the level of annual decoupling. Light green indicates faster growth in GDP than in freight transport while dark green indicates stronger growth in freight transport than in GDP. The data refer to road, rail and bus modes of transport. The large change in 2004 is tied to a change in methodology, but no correction figure exists (see metadata for more details).
NO2 (top) and PM10 (bottom) concentration trends at urban background (left) and traffic (right) locations NO2 (top) and PM10 (bottom) concentration trends at urban background (left) and traffic (right) locations Top: NO2 concentration in selected cities from 2002 to 2009. Bottom: PM10 concentrations in selected cities from 1999 to 2009. Values are presented for single monitoring stations that provide reliable time series data for the last years. Selected cities have at least one background and one traffic station that provide such reliability and can therefore be compared for analysis. Therefore, this figure does not represent air quality results citywide, but rather serves as a snapshot of the different trends in background and traffic stations wherever comparable long-term time-series data are available. Because the different lines represent individual measurement points, there can be a significant effect from local changes in traffic flows. According to sources, this is part of the background for the large change in the NO2 levels in London.
Number of people (million) exposed to transport noise. Current baseline year: 2007 (reported up to June 2011) (EU-27, Norway and Switzerland) Number of people (million) exposed to transport noise. Current baseline year: 2007 (reported up to June 2011) (EU-27, Norway and Switzerland) -
Trend in emissions of air pollutants from transport in EEA-32 Trend in emissions of air pollutants from transport in EEA-32 -
Annual mean NO2 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2009 - Annual mean PM10 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2009 Annual mean NO2 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2009 - Annual mean PM10 concentration observed at traffic stations, 2009 The two highest NO2 concentration classes (red and orange) correspond to the 2010 annual LV (40 μg/m3) and to the LV plus margin of tolerance (42 μg/m3). The two highest PM10 concentration classes (red and orange) correspond to the 2005 annual LV (40 μg/m3), and to a statistically derived level (31 μg/m3) corresponding to the 2005 daily LV. The lowest class corresponds to the WHO air quality guideline for PM10 of 20 μg/m3.
Passenger transport volume (billion pkm) (EU-27) Passenger transport volume (billion pkm) (EU-27) -
Freight transport volume (billion tkm) (EU-27) Freight transport volume (billion tkm) (EU-27) -
Nominal and real fuel prices (EU-27) (EUR/litre) Nominal and real fuel prices (EU-27) (EUR/litre) * real prices are indexed to 2005.
Average emissions for new cars (gCO2/km) (EU-27) Average emissions for new cars (gCO2/km) (EU-27) Graph showing progression of average emissions for new cars versus 2015 and 2020 targets
Share of biofuels in transport fuels Share of biofuels in transport fuels -
Proportion of vehicle stock by alternative fuel type (selected EEA-32 member countries) Proportion of vehicle stock by alternative fuel type (selected EEA-32 member countries) Graphs showing percentages of car and bus stocks using alternative fuels by five different alternative fuels
Key graph title: current baseline year/date: 2010 Key graph title: current baseline year/date: 2010 -
Transport sector contribution to total GHG emissions, 2009 (EEA-32) Transport sector contribution to total GHG emissions, 2009 (EEA-32) The graphs report the percentage contribution of transport and not transport sector to total emission of GHG in EEA32. Transport sector includes road transport, international maritime, international aviation and other transport
Mega Tonnes of Oil Equivalent (MTOE) used by transport mode (EEA-30) Mega Tonnes of Oil Equivalent (MTOE) used by transport mode (EEA-30) Graph with two lines showing total oil delivered fuels for transport including intl. Aviation and international maritime transport. 2050 implicit target reductions also shown as dotted line.
Trends and targets: EU-27 GHG emissions Trends and targets: EU-27 GHG emissions Graph with two lines showing total GHG emissions for transport (including intl. Aviation) and international maritime transport. 2030 and 2050 target reductions also shown as dotted lines.
Change in emissions by transport sub-sector for NOX (top) and PM2.5 (bottom) (EEA‑32) Change in emissions by transport sub-sector for NOX (top) and PM2.5 (bottom) (EEA‑32) Transport emissions of PM2.5 and NOx in EEA member countries. The transport emissions data include all of road transport
Change in emissions of main air pollutants 1990–2009 (EEA-32) Change in emissions of main air pollutants 1990–2009 (EEA-32) Transport emissions of PM2.5, CO SOx, NMVOC, NOx in EEA member countries. The transport emissions data include all of road transport
The contribution of the transport sector to total emissions of the main air pollutants in 2009 (EEA-32) The contribution of the transport sector to total emissions of the main air pollutants in 2009 (EEA-32) The graphs report the percentage contribution of transport and not transport sector to total emission of air pollutants in EEA32. Transport sector includes road transport, shipping, aviation and railways.
Bar diagram of effective mesh density values per country for FG-B2 in 2009 Bar diagram of effective mesh density values per country for FG-B2 in 2009 Effective mesh density values by country for Fragmentation Geometry FG-B2 in 2009. Fragmentation geometry has been created from input data (TeleAtlas roads/rails, CLC urban classes, mountain areas / mountain ridges based on Nordregio and WorldClim data and rivers/lakes based on Catchment Characterisation and Modelling (CCM) v.2 database and CLC database) and landscape fragmentation metrics (Jaeger 2000) has been calculated.
Landscape fragmentation per 1 km² grid in 2009 Landscape fragmentation per 1 km² grid in 2009 Map shows the patterns of fragmentation in the 29 countries investigated based on a grid of cells size of 1 km2

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