Countries' perspectives on SOER 2015 - Transport cross-country comparison
Synthesis report
- Foreword
- Executive summary
- 1. The changing context of European environmental policy
- 2. The European environment in a wider perspective
- 3. Protecting, conserving and enhancing natural capital
- 4. Resource efficiency and the low-carbon economy
- 5. Safeguarding people from environmental risks to health
- 6. Understanding the systemic challenges facing Europe
- 7. Responding to systemic challenges: from vision to transition
- References and bibliography
- Synthesis report content index
Global megatrends
- Setting the scene
- Diverging global population trends (GMT 1)
- Towards a more urban world (GMT 2)
- Changing disease burdens and risks of pandemics (GMT 3)
- Accelerating technological change (GMT 4)
- Continued economic growth? (GMT 5)
- An increasingly multipolar world (GMT 6)
- Intensified global competition for resources (GMT 7)
- Growing pressures on ecosystems (GMT 8)
- Increasingly severe consequences of climate change (GMT 9)
- Increasing environmental pollution (GMT 10)
- Diversifying approaches to governance (GMT 11)
European briefings
- Agriculture
- Air pollution
- Biodiversity
- Climate change impacts and adaptation
- Consumption
- Energy
- Forests
- Freshwater quality
- Green economy
- Health and environment
- Hydrological systems and sustainable water management
- Industry
- Land systems
- Marine environment
- Maritime activities
- Mitigating climate change
- Natural capital and ecosystem services
- Noise
- Resource efficiency
- Soil
- The air and climate system
- Tourism
- Transport
- Urban systems
- Waste
Cross-country comparisons
- Agriculture — organic farming
- Air pollution — emissions of selected pollutants
- Biodiversity — protected areas
- Energy — energy consumption and share of renewable energy
- Freshwater quality — nutrients in rivers
- Mitigating climate change — greenhouse gas emissions
- Resource efficiency — material resource efficiency and productivity
- Transport — passenger transport demand and modal split
- Waste — municipal solid waste generation and management
Countries and regions
- Albania country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Austria country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Belgium country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Bosnia and Herzegovina country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Bulgaria country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Croatia country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Cyprus country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Czech Republic country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Denmark country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Estonia country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Finland country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- France country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Germany country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Greece country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Hungary country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Iceland country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Ireland country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Italy country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Kosovo* country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Latvia country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Liechtenstein country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Lithuania country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Luxembourg country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Malta country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Montenegro country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- The Netherlands country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Norway country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Poland country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Portugal country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Romania country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Serbia country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Slovakia country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Slovenia country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Spain country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Sweden country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Switzerland country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Turkey country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- United Kingdom country briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Arctic region briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Black Sea region briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
- Mediterranean Sea region briefing - The European environment — state and outlook 2015
Ireland
Smarter Travel is the transport policy for Ireland that sets out how the vision of a sustainable travel and transport system can be achieved. The Smarter Travel programme doesn't just set out a vision for better travel choices but also provides funding to provide information and improve facilities for cyclists, walkers and public transport users to develop ways to get Irish people to shift to smarter, more sustainable modes of travelling and to reduce reliance on the private car.
- Link to national indicator 1
- Link to national indicator 2
- Link to national indicator 3
- Other important link (e.g. national SOE website/report)
Italy
The indicator underlines a sharp reduction of passenger transport in Italy (about -12% between 2005 and 2012, fig.1). Italy has the highest reduction in Europe, moreover only 8 countries are reducing transport, while all the other 25 listed are increasing.
The above data reflect correctly national statistics, however half of this sharp reduction is due to a methodological update of the statistic regarding occupancy rates of private cars and does not reflect entirely the real change in transport trends. In the same period the estimate of total v- km run by cars and/or all passenger vehicles is decreasing only by about 6% and passengers transported by other modes of transport (excluding cars) are decreasing by about 2.6%.
The above findings do not change the measures outlined in the "prospects" part of the indicator, however it underline the need to be more cautious in cross country comparisons of data that are homogeneous only in recent years.
Netherlands
In the Netherlands the use of more sustainable transport modes of transport like bicycling is common practice. As a result good statistical data on non-motorized modes of transport is readily available. According to KiM Netherlands Institute for Transport Policy Analysis total mobility in (passenger) kilometres declined slightly from 185 in 2005 to 184.5 billion kilometres in 2012. In 2012 half of all trips in the Netherlands were undertaken by car, a quarter by bicycle, one in five by foot, and one in twenty via public transport. In passenger kilometres the share of non-motorized modes of transport is of course less, as it concerns mainly short trips. Of the total number of kilometres travelled in 2012 the car accounts for nearly three-quarters, public transport for 13 percent, and bicycles for 8 percent. Between 2005 and 2012, the reduction in number of kilometres travelled by car amounted to no more than 2%. As a result the modal split also changed slightly. Both public transport and non-motorized modes of transport increased by 1 percent in the 2005 – 2012 timeframe.
The content on this page is the sole responsibility of the EEA member and cooperating countries supported by the EEA through guidance and editing.
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Geographic coverage
SOER 2015 cross-country comparisons analyse selected environmental issues across a number of EEA countries. They are part of the EEA's report SOER 2015, addressing the state of, trends in and prospects for the environment in Europe. The EEA's task is to provide timely, targeted, relevant and reliable information on Europe's environment.
For references, see www.eea.europa.eu/soer or scan the QR code.
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