Breakdown of the energy consumption variation for transport in the EU-27 (1990-2009)

The energy consumption variation of passenger and goods transport is broken down into 2 explanatory effects:

• activity effect (increase in traffic)
• global energy savings (change in specific energy consumption per unit of traffic)

The calculations refer to the definition used in the ESD Directive and excludes air transport

Activity effect = ∆ T i, (t,t-1) * SCT i, t-1

• T : Traffic (in passenger-kilometer or ton-kilometer),
• SCT: Specific consumption per unit of traffic (goe/tkm or goe/pkm),
•  i= passenger or goods

Global savings effect = T i, t * ∆SCT i,(t,t-1)

• (savings are <o), Global savings are actually the sum of savings by each mode individually and savings due to modal shift

Global savings effect = ∑ savings by mode i, j + savings from modal shift i

• i= passenger or goods
• j= transport mode (car or bus or rail for passenger; road, rail or water for goods)

Sum of savings by mode for passengers are the sum of the savings calculated for cars, bus and rail ; savings for goods are the sum of savings calculated for road, water and rail separately

Savings by mode j , SAVj, are calculating as follows SAV j = ∆ SCT j * T j, t

Savings from modal shift for passengers are <0 abd represent real savings if there is an increase in the share of public transport in total traffic for passenger

Savings from modal shift for goods are <0 if there is an increase in the share of rail and water in total traffic for goods

See indicator ENER023

Mtoe