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5EAP | 5th Environmental Action Programme |
A | All Länder of Germany |
ADEME | Agence de l'environnement et de la maîtrise de l'energie, France |
AFNOR | French standard on the design of vehicles to optimise their recycling/re-use at end of life |
AIJ/JI | Activities implemented jointly/Joint Implementation |
AIP | Associação Industrial Portuguesa, Association of Portuguese Industries |
BAU | Business as Usual |
BDI | Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie, Federal Association of German Industry |
BDZ | Bundesverband der Deutschen Ziegelindustrie, Federal Association of German Cement Industry |
BGW | Bundesverband der deutschen Gas- und Wasserwirtschaft, Federal Association of German Gas and Water Utilities |
BMW | Bayerische Motorenwerke (car manufacturer), Munich/Germany |
BOD | Biological Oxygen Demand |
CAIMA | Small Portuguese pulp paper producing company |
CEC | Commission of the European Communities |
CEFIC | European Confederation of Chemical Industry |
CELPA | Sector da Pasta de Papel, Portuguese pulp paper association |
CEP | Company Environmental Plan, Netherlands |
CEPA | Consolidated Environmental Protection Act, Denmark |
CFC | Chlorinated Flour-Carbons |
CFF | Compagnie Française de la Feraille, French Company operating many shredder sites. |
CGS | Centre de Gestion Scientifique, Unit in ‘Ecole de Mines’, Paris/France |
CIRED | Centre International de Recherche sur l’Environnement et le Développement, International Centre for Research on Environment and Development, France |
CNPA | Conseil National des Professions de l’Automobile, association of car dismantlers, France |
CO | Carbon monoxide |
CO2 | Carbon dioxide |
COD | Chemical Oxygen Demand |
COP | Conference of the Parties |
D | Germany |
DCMR | Association of Provinces, Netherlands |
DG | Directorate General (of the European Commission) |
DGA | Direcção-Geral Do Ambiente, Portuguese Environment Ministry |
DGI | Direcção Geral Da Indústria, Portuguese Industry Ministry |
DHS | Dansk Handel Service, Danish Trade Service |
DIW | Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (German Institute for Economics Research) |
DK | Denmark |
DOE | Department of Environment, (here: Ireland) |
DRIRE | Regional environmental regulator, France |
DSD | Duales System Deutschland |
DSM | Demand side management |
EA | Environmental Agreement |
EC | European Commission |
ECU | European Currency Unit |
EEA | European Environment Agency |
EEB | European Environmental Bureau |
EIONET | European Environment Information and Observation Network |
ELV | End-of-Life Vehicles |
EM | Environmental Management Act, Netherlands |
EMAS | Environmental Management and Auditing System |
EMS | Environmental Management System, Netherlands |
en. | Energy |
EP | European Parliament |
EPA | Environmental Protection Agency, here: Sweden, Denmark |
EPS | Expanded polystyrene |
ERM | Environmental Resource Management, British Consultant |
est. | estimated |
ETUC | European Trade Union Confederation |
EU | European Union |
EURELECTRIC | Grouping of the Electricity Supply Industry |
FCCC | Framework Convention on Climate Change |
FEDEREC | Fédération Française de la Récupération pour la Gestion Industrielle de l’Environnement et du Recyclage, French Recovery Federation for Industrial Management of the Environment and Recycling |
FGD | Flue Gas Desulphurisation |
FO | Consultative Group for the Chemical Industry, Netherlands |
FoE | Friends of the Earth, environmental NGO, here: Sweden |
FR | France |
FRF | French Francs |
GHG | Greenhouse gas |
H2S | Hydrogen Sulphide |
HDPE | High-density polyethylene |
ICCA | International Council of Chemicals Associations |
IEA | International Energy Agency, Paris/France |
IETP | Integrated Environmental Target Plan, Netherlands |
ifo | Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Institute for Economics Research, Munich/Germany |
IPPC | Integrated Pollution Prevention Control |
ISO | International Organisation for Standardisation |
ITOT | International Environment Technology Transfer Centre, Leipzig/Germany |
KL | Kommunernres Landsforening, National Association of Local Authorities, Denmark |
KPMG | International Consultant Group |
LDPE | Low-density polyethylene |
MEP | Member of Parliament |
MSW | Municipal Solid Waste |
MWV | Mineralölwirtschaftsverband, Oil Refining Industry, Germany |
MYA | Multi-year agreement |
N | New Länder, former part of East-Germany |
NEPP | National Environmental Policy Plan, Netherlands |
NFP | National Focal Point (of the EEA) |
NFR | Swedish Packaging Council |
NGO | Non-Governmental Organisation (here mainly used for environmental ones) |
NL | Netherlands |
NM3 | normal cubic meter |
NOx | Nitrogen oxides |
O | Old Länder, former part of West-Germany |
OECD | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris |
P | Portugal |
P&P | Pulp Paper |
PAH | Polycyclic (or polynuclear) aromatic hydrocarbons |
PARCOM | Convention for the Prevention of Maritime Pollution from Land Based Sources (Paris Convention) |
PCB | Polychlorobiphenyls |
PEDIP | Specific Programme for Development of Portuguese Industry |
Perf. | Performance |
Pers. Comm. | Personal Communication |
PET | Polyethylene terephthalate |
PORTARIA | Portuguese law on water/effluent and air emissions of pulp paper industry |
PORTUCEL | Large Portuguese pulp paper producing company |
PP | Polypropylene |
prod. | Production |
PRTR | Pollutant Release and Transfer Register |
PSA | French car company with the two constituent companies Peugeot and Citroën |
PTE | Portuguese Escudos |
PVC | Polyvinylchlorine |
PWS | Priority Waste Streams |
R&D | Research and Development |
red’n | Reduction |
Ref. | Reference |
REPA | Reparegistret, Swedish Packaging Collection Scheme |
RES | Renewable Energy Sources |
RUE | Rational Use of Energy |
RWE | Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektriztitätswerk, Utility company, Germany |
RWI | Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Rhine-Westphalian Economics Research Institute, Germany |
S | Sweden/Sulphur |
SEARN | Secretarias de Estado do Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais |
SEI | Secretarias de Estado da Industria |
SEK | Swedish Crones |
SME | Small and Medium-sized Enterprises |
SNM | Stichting Natuur en Milieu, Dutch Environmental NGO |
SO2 | Sulphur dioxide |
SOPORCEL | Large Portuguese pulp paper producing company |
sp. | Specific |
SPMP | Syndicat des Producteurs de Matières Plastiques, Association of plastic manufacturers, France |
STORA | Medium Portuguese pulp paper producing company |
TEU | Treaty on European Union |
tot. | total |
TSS | Total Suspended Solids |
UK | United Kingdom |
UNCED | United Nations Conference on Environment and Development |
UNICE | Union of Industrial and Employers’ Confederation of Europe |
VA | Voluntary Agreements |
VCI | Verband der Chemischen Industrie, Association of Chemical Industry, Germany |
VDEW | Vereinigung Deutscher Elektrizitätswerke, Association of German electricity supply companies |
VDZ | Verein Deutscher Zementwerke, Association of German cement companies |
VIK | Verband der Industriellen Energie- und Kraftwirtschaft, Federation of Industrial Energy Consumer and Self-Producers, Germany |
VKU | Verband kommunaler Unternehmen, Association of Municipal Enterprises, Germany |
VNCI | Dutch Chemical Industries Associations |
VNONCW | Confederation of the Netherlands’ Industry and Employers |
VROM | Dutch Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment |
WWT | Waste Water Treatment |
yr | year |
ZEW | Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung, Centre for European Economics Research, Mannheim/Germany |
ZVEI | Zentralverband der Elektro-Industrie, Association of the Household Appliances Industries, Germany |
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/92-9167-052-9-sum/page010.html or scan the QR code.
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