All official European Union website addresses are in the europa.eu domain.
See all EU institutions and bodiesDo something for our planet, print this page only if needed. Even a small action can make an enormous difference when millions of people do it!
The current CORINAIR 90 system is a conspicuous milestone on the road of Air Emission Inventories in Europe.
It results of developments in the frame of the CORINE programme. A first generation was provided to compile the EC emission inventory for 1985 (CORINAIR 85) and the current second generation used for CORINAIR 90 emission inventory now under responsibility of the EEA (1).
1.1 The four dimensions
The CORINAIR system is based on the four dimensional aspects which need to be specified according to objectives of each inventory.
CORINAIR 90 dealing mainly with acidification, photochemistry and greenhouse effects, the selected substances have been SO2, NOx, NMVOC, CH4, CO, CO2, N2O and NH3.
The split of some substances in different species (i.e. VOC's) had been identified as a relevant need but not considered as a priority.
More than 240 emitting activities are defined in the Selected Nomenclature for Air Pollution (SNAP). Emitters correspond to relevant combinations of
SNAP activity + fuel (for energy related activities) + supplementary rubric (optional).
Fuels are defined in NAPFUE and rubrics are free for more split by producers of inventories.
Main emitters are classified as Large Point Sources (LPS) according to specifications to be adapted with inventory objective. Individual information is collected for LPS.
Remaining emitters are classified as Area Sources (AS) for which activity rates and emission factors are requested.
The general formula used is :
E = S [ Ai,f,r x Efi,f,r,p ]
where E is the total emission for a pollutant p
Ai,f,r is a representative value of the activity i
EFi,f,r,p is the emission factor assigned to activity i fuel f, rubric r and pollutant p.
For LPS, emissions are determined either from direct emission estimations (measurement, balance, or from calculation by the mean of emission factors.
CORINAIR 90 is based on administrative territorial units defined by EUROSTAT (NUTS levels 0 to III or equivalent for non EU countries) because statistics are generally more available at this scale than at any grid square. Moreover, this resolution fits fairly well with modelers needs in Europe.
Nevertheless, a lot of air emission inventory requests deal mainly with the national level only.
A special allocation procedure involving socio economical data (e.g. population, area, employment, number of houses, ...) is provided to perform activity rate estimation at territorial units levels for which the requested data are not available.
There is interest for high time resolution (e.g. modelization of photochemistry) but such figures can be more easily produced from an annual basis which fits with most of mains uses of air emission inventories.
1.2 Processing overview
The CORINAIR 90 system is described in figure 1 and includes the following steps :
It is to be noticed that bottom-up and top-down approaches are used respectively for large point sources and area sources allocation.
Practically, two approaches are used (cf figure 2) :
1.3 Tools of CORINAIR 90 system
Different tools have been developped to reach objectives of CORINAIR 90 inventory :
- set of common definitions and specifications (SNAP, NAPFUE, pollutants, LPS),
- Handbook of Emission Factors in order to help producers of emission inventories. This handbook is changed in a more structured Guidebook which will be available in mid 1995 (EMEP/CORINAIR Guidebook),
- software allowing to store, to manage inventory data and to provide emission estimations by each producer (2),
- validation routines for various checkings,
- routines for data transfer from DOS/Dbase platform to UNIX/ORACLE platform, due to some differencies in data dictionaries (2) (3) and difference of platforms,
- CORINAIR/IPCC interface,
- procedure for allocating emissions from administrative territorial units to EMEP grid.
1.4 Data in CORINAIR 90 system
Data are classified according to the following understanding (4)
Essential. This is the most important information that must be included in any inventory produced by the EEA.
Desirable. These data items should be included but their priority is lower. These are items that will become available on a longer time frame. For example, the full documentation of an inventory is required but can be published after the results become available.
Useful. Some items of data would be useful to have but are not necesary to the overall project. For example, all the details of a power plants boilers are not needed at the European level and so this data would be useful but not essential or desirable.
Definition/reference data
Pollutant | F | essential |
SNAP | F | essential |
NAPFUE | F | essential |
Fuel characteristics | N | useful (depending on producers) |
Annex rubric | N | desirable |
Elementary area activity | N | essential |
PoActivity group | F | essential |
Territorial unit | F/N | essential |
Surrogate data | N | essential or not used (depending on approach) |
Control device | F | useful |
Estimation method | F | useful |
Unit | F | essential |
Mass unit conversion | F | essential (data system) |
Comment source of information | N | desirable |
Surrogate relations | N | essential or not used (depending on approach) |
F = forefilled
N = not forefilled
COLLECTED OR ESTIMATED DATA
General
data quality indicators | desirable |
comments and sources of information | desirable |
confidentiality indicators | essential |
Area sources
activity unit | essential |
emission factor | essential |
activity rate | essential |
activity unit ratio between reference unit and used unit | essential |
surrogate data rate | essential when allocation procedure is used |
Large Point Sources (LPS)
identification data (LPS code. T.U., coordinates...) | essential |
estimation method | efficiency of control device useful possibly desirable for some users |
emission rate | essential when emissions are directly known (measurements, ...) |
activity rate and unit | essential when use of emission factors or for some outputs (IPCC); desirable in other cases |
emission factor | essential when use of emission factors otherwise not used |
fuel consumption | essential for some outputs (IPCC) and calculation facilities ; otherwise desirable |
basic fuel emission factor | essential for some outputs (IPCC) and calculation facilities ; otherwise desirable |
fuel LHV | essential for some outputs (IPCC) and calculation facilities ; otherwise desirable |
Stacks characteristics (height, flow rate, ...) | useful possibly desirable for some users |
other characteristics (nominal capacity,starting year, working time) | useful |
LCP Directive data (plant statute (existing/new), corrected thermal capacity | essential for some outputs (LCPD) |
Output data
The system enables outputs of following kinds of data :
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/92-9167-033-2/page002.html or scan the QR code.
PDF generated on 08 Dec 2024, 07:34 PM
Engineered by: EEA Web Team
Software updated on 26 September 2023 08:13 from version 23.8.18
Software version: EEA Plone KGS 23.9.14
Document Actions
Share with others