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Greenhouse gas emissions in the upstream supply chain of EU-27 household consumption domains, million tonnes CO₂ equivalent, 2020

To produce and handle all clothing, footwear and household textiles purchased by EU-27 households in 2020, an estimated 121 million tonnes of CO₂ were emitted (270 kg CO₂ equivalent per person), making this consumption domain the fifth highest impact category after housing, food, transport and recreation. Only 27% of CO₂ emissions take place within Europe.

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Land use in the upstream supply chain of EU-27 household consumption domains, million km², 2020

To produce and handle all clothing, footwear and household textiles purchased by EU-27 households in 2020, an estimated 180 000 km² of land was used (400 m² per person), making this consumption domain the third highest impact category after food and housing. Only 8% of land use takes place within Europe.

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Water use in the upstream supply chain of EU-27 household consumption domains, million m³ (blue) water, 2020

To produce and handle all clothing, footwear and household textiles purchased by EU-27 households in 2020, an estimated 4024 million m³ of blue water was used (9m³ per person), making this consumption domain the third highest impact category after food and recreation. Only 12% of blue water consumption takes place within Europe.

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The use of primary raw materials in the upstream supply chain of EU-27 household consumption domains, million tonnes, 2020

To produce and handle all clothing, footwear and household textiles purchased by EU-27 households in 2020, an estimated 175 million tonnes of primary raw materials was used (391 kg per person), making this consumption domain the fifth highest impact category. Only 20% of primary material consumption takes place within Europe, which is the lowest ratio of all consumption domains, and shows that environmental impacts are exported to other parts of the world.

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