The map present the proportion of surface water bodies (rivers, lakes, transitional and coastal waters) in less than good ecological status per River Basin District.
This dataset presents the projected changes in the percentage of summer days (May-September) classified as heatwaves days between the historical period (1951–2000) and the future period (2051–2100) in 571 European cities therefore indicating the projected future risks to human health.
Natura 2000 is the key instrument to protect biodiversity in the European Union. It is an ecological network of protected areas, set up to ensure the survival of Europe's most valuable species and habitats. Natura 2000 is based on the 1979 Birds Directive and the 1992 Habitats Directive. This version covers the reporting in 2020.
As a main source of protein, commercial fish stocks and other commercial sea products are renewable resources, which could sustain human needs in the long term — if exploited in an appropriate manner.
Although further improvements are still necessary, the analysis of long time series shows clear and important signs of improvement in the North-East Atlantic Ocean and Baltic Sea. At least 24-47 % of all stocks meet at least one of two criteria defining the Marine Strategy Framework Directive's 'good environmental status' (GES) in the regions respectively. Meeting these criteria means that the exploitation (i.e. fishing mortality, F) and reproductive capacity of the stocks are compatible with their maximum sustainable yield (MSY). While slightly less than half of all stocks in the region have adequate assessments allowing comparisons with at least one of the GES criteria (83% of these met at least one criterion), these assessed stocks account for approximately 75% of the landings in the NEA and Baltic Sea. Since the early 2000s, better management of fish and shellfish fisheries has contributed to a clear decrease in fishing pressure in these two regional seas, with the average fishing mortality close to F MSY in 2018. This has led to signs of recovery in the reproductive capacity of several fish and shellfish stocks. If these efforts continue, fishing mortality in the region on average should remain near F MSY and reproductive capacity should continue to improve towards the objective for healthy fish and shellfish stocks in the North-East Atlantic Ocean and Baltic Sea.
In contrast, in the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea the situation remains critical. Only six out of 70 stocks (8.6 %) in the Mediterranean Sea and none of the 7 stocks in the Black Sea meet at least one of the GES criteria in these regions. This is mainly due to the prevalence of overfishing and a significant lack of knowledge of the reproductive capacity state of fish and shellfish stocks. Most of the stocks considered in the Mediterranean Sea had adequate assessment to compare fishing mortality with the GES criterion, but few had measures or thresholds of reproductive capacity. In the Black Sea, five of the seven stocks had adequate assessments to evaluate fishing mortality but only one of these also had measures or thresholds for reproductive capacity. It is unlikely that the 2020 policy objective has been met in the Mediterranean and Black Seas.
Given this context, the 2020 objective of having healthy commercial fish and shellfish populations is unlikely to have been met in Europe’s seas and further collective action is required.
This figure shows trends for the North-East Atlantic and the Baltic Sea in the status of assessed commercially exploited fish and shellfish stocks between 1947 and 2019.
The shaded areas represent the confidence limits.
For the Mediterranean and Black Seas, no GES threshold is available for reproductive capacity. The dashed horizontal line represents the 2003 level for these regions.
Due to the reduced number of stocks available for the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (only two), the indicators are not shown for this region.
This figure shows the state of the assessed commercially exploited fish and shellfish stocks per EU marine region, for which assessments were conducted in 2015-2019 (not all stocks have annual assessments). Majority of data is from 2018.
This figure shows the 2018 landings of commercially exploited fish and shellfish stocks per EU marine region, and the proportions of landings for which stock assessments were conducted in 2015-2019 (not all stocks have annual assessments). See the related Excel File for extra details.
A decline in pH corresponds to an increase in the acidity of ocean water.
- Green line: data based on in situ measurements at Aloha station.
- Blue line: pH calculated at Aloha station from dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations and total alkalinity, at in situ temperature.
- Red line: global yearly mean surface seawater pH, calculated by Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service.
The table shows the countries' reporting performance on the basis of Eionet Core Data Flows since 2005
The chart shows the scoring of countries’ reporting performance on the basis of Eionet Core Data Flows.
All European seas have warmed considerably since 1870, particularly since the late 1970s. During the period for which comprehensive data are available (1981-2018), sea surface temperature increased by between 0.2 °C, in the North Atlantic, and 0.5 °C, in the Black Sea, per decade. This increase is projected to continue, although more slowly than that of air temperature over land. The frequency and magnitude of marine heatwaves has also increased significantly globally and in European seas and is projected to continue, with increasing impacts on ecosystems and climate expected.
Climate change has increased forest fire risk across Europe. Even so, the burnt area of the Mediterranean region has decreased slightly since 1980, indicating that fire control efforts have been effective. However, in recent years, forest fires have affected regions in central and northern Europe not typically prone to fires, and, in 2018, more countries suffered large fires than ever before, coinciding with record droughts and heatwaves. An expansion of fire-prone areas and longer fire seasons are projected in most European regions, so additional adaptation measures are needed.
Results of classification of Chemical Status using the CHASE+ tool. Chemical status is evaluated in five classes, where NPAhigh and NPAgood are recognised as ‘non-problem areas’ and PAmoderate, PApoor and PAbad are recognised as ‘problem areas’ .
Results of classification of Chemical Status using the CHASE+ tool. Chemical status is evaluated in five classes, where NPAhigh and NPAgood are recognised as ‘non-problem areas’ and PAmoderate, PApoor and PAbad are recognised as ‘problem areas’.
The Regulation (EU) No 2019/631 (and before that Regulation (EU) No 510/2011) requires Member States to record information for each new van registered in its territory. Every year, each Member State shall submit to the Commission all the information related to their new registrations. In particular, the following details are required for each new van registered: manufacturer name, type approval number, type, variant, version, make and commercial name, specific emissions of CO2, mass of the vehicle, wheel base, track width, fuel type and fuel mode. Additional information, such as engine power and engine capacity were also submitted. Data for EU-28 are reported in the main database. Since 2018 Iceland and since 2019 Norway are also included in the database.
The Regulation (EU) No 2019/631 requires Countries to record information for each new passenger car registered in its territory. Every year, each Member State shall submit to the Commission all the information related to their new registrations. In particular, the following details are required for each new passenger car registered: manufacturer name, type approval number, type, variant, version, make and commercial name, specific emissions of CO2 (NEDC and WLTP protocols), masses of the vehicle, wheel base, track width, engine capacity and power, fuel type and mode, eco-innovations and electricity consumption. Data for EU-27 and UK are reported in the main database. Since 2018 Iceland is also included in the database. Since 2019 Norway is also included in the database.
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The figure shows global and regionally averaged sea surface temperatures anomalies relative to a 1981-2010 baseline. The solid lines show satellite-based series, combining SST CCI (Sea Surface Temperature Climate Change Initiative) Analysis data (to 2016) with the OSTIA (Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis) near real-time updated data (to 2018). The shaded area in each plot indicates the upper and lower uncertainty range of the long-term evolution of the regional averages based on three global data sets (HadSST.4.0.0.0, ERSSTv5 and HadISST).
The EEA marine assessment grid is a vector dataset based on the 'EEA reference grid'. It covers the Seas and Marine areas surrounding Europe. Open sea areas are covered by 100 km polygon grid shapes. Coastal areas are covered by 20 km polygon grid shapes. The combined EEA assessment grid fills the entire area of interest with grid cells without gaps and overlaps. Data and assessment results spatially mapped to the EEA assessment grid ensures that data can be compared in a uniform way across the European regional seas.
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