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Country profiles - greenhouse gases and energy 2019

Dashboard (Tableau) Published 31 Oct 2019

This section presents country profiles containing key data on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, renewable energy and energy efficiency for each EU Member State. These country profiles support and complement the assessment of progress towards climate and energy targets in Europe.

Related content

Based on data

Greenhouse gas emissions under the Effort Sharing Decision (ESD) The Effort Sharing Decision (ESD) No 406/2009/EC establishes annual greenhouse gas emission targets for Member States for the period 2013–2020. These targets concern emissions from most sectors not included in the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), such as transport, buildings, agriculture and waste. Emissions from land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) and international shipping are not included. Every year, the EEA coordinates the ESD review of Member States’ greenhouse gas inventories, so that the European Commission can determine compliance with the annual ESD targets on the basis of accurate, reliable and verified emission data. Review reports and final ESD emissions are published by the European Commission. ESD emissions for the period 2005–2012 and for the latest year ("Y-1") are estimated by EEA on the basis of national GHG inventory data and ETS emissions.

Approximated estimates for the primary and final consumption of energy in 2018 (EEA 2018 proxies on primary and final energy consumption) The Energy Efficiency Directive 2012/27/EU (EED) establishes a common framework for the promotion of energy efficiency within the Union in order to ensure the achievement of the Union’s 2020 20 % headline target on energy efficiency and to pave the way for further energy efficiency improvements beyond that date. It also calls on Member States to set their own indicative national energy efficiency targets, which can be based on primary or final energy consumption, primary or final energy savings, or energy intensity. Since early access to the most recent information on energy consumption is relevant for all stakeholders, the EEA and its European Topic Centre for Air Pollution and Climate Change Mitigation (ETC/ACM) produce each year a set of early estimates concerning the consumption of primary and final energy in the previous year, across the EU as a whole and in each Member State. These estimates are defined in accordance with the methodology that underpinned the energy efficiency targets for 2020 and 2030, and they correspond to the new indicator codes PEC2020-2030 and FEC2020-2030 from Eurostat. The current data set concerns the EEA 2018 proxies on primary and final energy consumption (PEC2020-2030; FEC2020-2030).

Approximated estimates for the share of gross final consumption of renewable energy sources in 2018 (EEA 2018 RES share proxies) Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion and use of energy from renewable sources commits the EU to achieving a 20 % share of renewable energy sources (RES) in its gross final energy consumption by 2020 and a 10 % share of renewable energy in transport energy consumption by the same year. Since early access to the most recent information on the growth of RES is relevant for all stakeholders, the EEA and its European Topic Centre for Air Pollution and Climate Change Mitigation (ETC/ACM) produce each year a set of early estimates concerning the RES shares achieved by the countries and the EU as a whole in the previous year. The current data set concerns the EEA 2018 RES share proxies. The cut-off date for most data sources incorporated in the calculation of the approximated 2018 RES shares was 31 July 2019.

Approximated estimates for greenhouse gas emissions The Monitoring Mechanism Regulation ((EU) No 525/2013) requires Member States to annually report approximated greenhouse gas inventories by 31 July. A Union approximated greenhouse gas inventory is annually compiled on the basis of the Member States’ approximated greenhouse gas inventories or, if a Member State has not communicated its approximated inventories by that date, on the basis of own estimates.

Member States' greenhouse gas (GHG) emission projections The Monitoring Mechanism Regulation ((EC) No 525/2013) requires Member States to report national projections of anthropogenic GHG emissions. Every two years, each EU Member State shall report GHG projections in a ‘with existing measures’ scenario for the years 2020, 2025, 2030 and 2035, by gas (or group of gases) and by sector. National projections shall take into consideration any policies and measures adopted at Union level. The reported data are quality checked by the EEA and its European Topic Centre for Climate Change Mitigation and Energy (ETC/CME).

News and articles

Climate change: Significant drop in EU emissions in 2018 but further effort needed to reach 2030 target The European Union (EU) cut its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2 % in 2018, according to preliminary estimates released today by the European Environment Agency. However, rising energy consumption continues to hamper progress on the share of energy generated by renewable sources and on energy efficiency. As in previous years, the transport sector remains a particular concern with rising GHG emissions, low uptake of renewable energy sources and insufficient reductions of transport fuels’ life-cycle emissions.

Related briefings

The EU Emissions Trading System in 2019: trends and projections The European Union (EU) Emissions Trading System (ETS) governs about 40 % of total EU greenhouse gas emissions. It sets a cap on emissions from industrial activities (e.g. power and heat production, cement production, iron and steel production and oil refining), as well as aviation. Based on the latest available data, this briefing provides an overview of past and projected emission trends under the EU ETS, and of the balance between the supply of and demand for emission allowances on the EU carbon market.

Related publications

Quality and greenhouse gas intensities of transport fuels in the EU in 2017 Monitoring under the Fuel Quality Directive in 2017 (2018 reporting)

Approximated EU GHG inventory: proxy GHG estimates for 2018 The EEA's annual report on EU approximated GHG inventory for 2018

Trends and projections in Europe 2019 - Tracking progress towards Europes climate and energy targets The annual ‘Trends and projections’ report provides an assessment of the progress of the EU and European countries towards their climate mitigation and energy targets. It is based on national data for greenhouse gas emissions, renewable energy and energy consumption.

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Older versions

24 Nov 2017 - Country profiles - greenhouse gases and energy

06 Dec 2016 - Country profiles - greenhouse gases and energy

Geographic coverage

Austria , Belgium , Bulgaria , Croatia , Cyprus , Czechia , Denmark , Estonia , Finland , France , Germany , Greece , Hungary , Iceland , Ireland , Italy , Latvia , Lithuania , Luxembourg , Malta , Netherlands , Norway , Poland , Portugal , Romania , Slovakia , Slovenia , Spain , Sweden , United Kingdom

Temporal coverage

1990-2030

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For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/climate/trends-and-projections-in-europe/climate-and-energy-country-profiles/copy_of_country-profiles-greenhouse-gases-and or scan the QR code.

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