UNFCCC

Policy Document
UNFCCC reporting guidelines on annual inventories

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Total greenhouse gas emissions trends and projections Total greenhouse gas emissions trends and projections The present indicator (CSI010) presents total and sectoral trends of anthropogenic GHG emissions in Europe from 1990 onwards and assesses the progress of the EU, individual Member States and other EEA countries towards their international and internal EU GHG targets. The indicator provides information on emissions from the main anthropogenic GHG sources, distributed by the main emitting sectors and based on IPCC nomenclature. In addition, the indicator shows past and projected GHG emissions in the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) and non-ETS/Effort Sharing Decision (ESD) sectors, in accordance with the EU legal scheme. As a general rule, emissions from international aviation are included in the totals presented in the indicator, consistent with the EU legal scheme ('Domestic scope'). These emissions are not covered by the Kyoto Protocol (KP), in accordance with the UNFCCC guidelines, and therefore they are excluded from the totals under the EU's international reporting of GHG inventories ('International scope'). Unless otherwise mentioned, the indicator does not cover emissions from international shipping. Net land use, land use-change and forestry (LULUCF) emissions and/or removals and CO 2 emissions from the combustion of biomass (including biofuels in transport) are not included in national GHG emissions totals according to UNFCCC Reporting Guidelines. The indicator covers all 28 Member States of the European Union. The Member States geographical coverage considered is consistent with the EU coverage under the Kyoto Protocol. When available, information concerning other EEA Member States is also included. Especially when referring to the second commitment period of the KP, the European aggregates are presented for the 28 Member States and Iceland, since the European Union, its Member States and Iceland have agreed to fulfill their quantified emissions limitation and reduction commitments jointly. The indicator covers annual emissions since 1990.
Total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission trends and projections Total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission trends and projections The present indicator (CSI010) presents total and sectoral trends of anthropogenic GHG emissions in Europe from 1990 onwards and assesses the progress of the EU, individual Member States and other EEA countries towards their GHG targets. The indicator provides information on emissions from the main anthropogenic GHG sources, distributed by main emitting sectors, according to the IPCC nomenclature. In addition, the indicator shows the past and projected GHG emissions in the ETS and non ETS sector, in accordance with the EU legal scheme. Unless otherwise mentioned, the indicator does not cover emissions from international bunkers (international aviation and maritime transport), which are not covered by the Kyoto Protocol. In particular, these emissions are not taken into account in the total GHG emissions reported at national and EU levels. Emissions from land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) are not included in total national greenhouse gas emissions. Geographical area The indicator covers all 28 Member States of the European Union. Some figures also include information concerning other EEA Member States. Period covered The indicator covers annual emissions since 1990.
GHG Concentrations - outlook from MNP GHG Concentrations - outlook from MNP Definition: The indicator shows the measured trends and projections of greenhouse gas concentrations. The various greenhouse gases have been grouped in three different ways. In all cases the effect of greenhouse gas concentrations on the enhanced greenhouse effect is presented as CO2-equivalent concentration. Global annual averages are considered. Model used: IMAGE Ownership: European Environment Agency Temporal coverage: 2000 - 2100 Geographical coverage:  global
Precipitation - outlook from UNFCCC Precipitation - outlook from UNFCCC Precipitation (total volume of water precipitated to a certain surface area for a given period of time) means water, in either liquid or solid state, falling out of the clouds or depositing from the air on the land surface, on various materials or plants. Atmospheric precipitation may take the form of rain, drizzle, snow, sleet, snow pellets or small hail, hail or sleet.
Greenhouse gas emission trends Greenhouse gas emission trends This indicator presents anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions in Europe from 1990 onwards. It analyses the trends (total and by sector) in relation to the European Community and Member States Kyoto targets for the period 2008-2012. Definitions (from UNFCCC) Emissions: the release of greenhouse gases and/or their precursors into the atmosphere over a specified area and period of time. Greenhouse gases: those gaseous constituents of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation. Sink: any process, activity or mechanism which removes a greenhouse gas, an aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. Source: any process or activity which releases a greenhouse gas, an aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas into the atmosphere. Emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases are calculated according to the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (see Methodology ), as agreed upon by the Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC. Scope Gases All the greenhouse gases covered by the Kyoto Protocol (CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, SF 6 , HFCs and PFCs). This does not include the greenhouse gases that are also ozone-depleting substances and which are controlled by the Montreal Protocol (see CSI 006 ). In order to be aggregated, non-CO 2 gases are weighed by their respective global warming potential and presented in CO 2 -equivalent units. Emission sources The indicator provides information on emissions from the main anthropogenic greenhouse gas sources, distributed by main emitting sectors (according IPCC nomenclature): energy supply and use (including energy industry, fugitive emissions, energy use by industry and by other sectors, excluding the transport sector); transport; industry (processes, i.e. not including emissions from fossil fuel combustion for energy use); agriculture; waste; other (non-energy). Unless otherwise mentioned, the indicator does not cover emissions from international bunkers (international aviation and maritime transport), which are not covered by the Kyoto Protocol. In particular, these emissions are not taken into account in the total greenhouse gas emissions reported at national and EU levels. Emissions from land use, land-use change and forestry (LULUCF) are not included in total greenhouse gas emissions. Geographical area The indicator covers all 27 Member States from the European Union. Some figures also include information concerning other EEA Member States. Period covered The indicator covers annual emissions since 1990.

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