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Positive values indicate increase and negative values indicate decrease of annaul summer days per decade
The map shows the change in the average number of ozone exceedence days from April to September observed at regional background stations (EMEP monitoring stations) from the period 1990-1994 to the period 1999-2004, excluding the abnormally warm summer of 2003. A day is counted as an exceedence day when the daily maximal 8-hr-average ozone concentration exceeds 60 ppbV.
The modelled changes shown are only due to climate variability and climate change
Modelled remains of the Alpine glacierisation (climatic accumulation area) according to an increase in summer air temperature of +1 to +5 °C. The total of 100% refers to the ice cover of the reference period (1971–90). The 100%-marks of the other lines refer to the fraction of glacierisation of the corresponding Alpine country. Reading example: A rise in summer air temperature of 3 °C would reduce the Alpine ice cover (red curve) to about 20% of the glacier cover of the reference period (1971–90). The corresponding glacier remains of Switzerland (blue, dashed line) amounts to about 30%, whereas in Austria (black, dashed line) only about 7% of the glacier cover of the reference period is left.
Observed annual, winter and summer temperature deviations in Europe
70s, 80s and 90s = average values of catches for each decade
Concentrations are expressed as annual median concentrations for groundwater, and median of annual average concentrations for rivers and lakes
The figure includes all greenhouse gases.
Of the forest area dominated by introduced tree species, 13 % have become invasive species with impacts on forest biodiversity conservation (MCPFE, 2007 in EEA, 2008)
The number of bird species taken into account for each country is given in the legend
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Software updated on 26 September 2023 08:13 from version 23.8.18
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