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This indicator illustrates the global mean average rate of ocean acidification, quantified by decreases in pH, which is a measure of acidity, defined as the hydrogen ion concentration. A decrease in pH value corresponds to an increase in acidity. The observed decrease in ocean pH resulting from increasing concentrations of CO 2 is an important indicator of change in the global ocean and the impacts of climate change. This indicator provides information on: trends in ocean acidity measured at the Aloha station; yearly mean surface seawater pH levels reported on a global scale is computed from monthly pH values by CMEMS.
Average specific emissions of CO 2 are calculated as a weighted average of the Member State's fleet of new registrations of vans in a particular year.
This indicator shows trends in the abundance of common birds and butterflies across their European ranges over time . It is a composite of many species trend indices. A value of 100 is set for each species in the start year. If a species is added to the composite index after the start year, it is scaled to the index value of the year it was added to the indicator.
The two figures in this indicator provide information on waste recycling rates. Figure 1 shows percentage values of waste recycling rates for municipal waste, waste excluding major mineral waste, packaging waste and WEEE. Figure 2 shows municipal waste recycling rates as percentages and by country in the form of a bar chart comparing rates for the reference year (2004) with rates for the latest available year (2019 or, in some cases, 2018).
The two figures in this indicator provide information on waste generation. Figure 1 shows indexed values of waste generation, population and GDP, with 2010 being taken as the reference year (2010 = 100%). GDP was chosen as a basic indicator of economic growth, and average population as an important demographic indicator and driver of waste generation. Figure 2 shows waste generation, excluding major mineral wastes, per capita by European country. Data presented in the form of a bar chart are displayed for the reference year (2010) and the last year for which data are available (2018).
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/portal_relations/indicator-specification or scan the QR code.
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