prossimo
precedente
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Industrial pollutant releases to air in Europe

Indicator
workflow
Metadata
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Industry, innovation and infrastructure
Descriptive indicator (Type A - What is happening to the environment and to humans?)
Pressure
Supporting information
[{"type": "h4", "children": [{"text": "Methodology for indicator calculation"}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Queries are applied to the Industrial Emissions Database (where the E-PRTR is included) to extract and aggregate emissions reported individually for each operator in Europe to produce figure 1 and 2. Emissions are aggregated at country and European level, indexed to 2010 levels and a trend line is then constructed."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "For Fig. 1, the gross added value is indexed to 2010 levels and a trend line constructed."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Gap filling was performed to complete data missing for some countries in the last years of the timeline. Future versions will account to more complete datasets as countries resolve these issues as time passes by."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "While E-PRTR contains data since 2007, the earlier years are known as incomplete and of lesser quality. This has led to the indicator showing data as from 2010."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}, {"type": "strong", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"text": ""}]}, {"type": "h4", "children": [{"text": ""}, {"type": "strong", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"text": "Methodology for gap filling"}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Germany, Lithuania and Slovakia did not report any data from 2017; Italy and Malta did not report any data for 2020. In these cases, the most recent data available have been used to populate the emissions trend."}, {"url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/industrial-pollution-in-europe-4/assessment/#methodology", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/industrial-pollution-in-europe-4/assessment/#methodology", "target": "_self"}}}, "type": "a", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"text": ""}]}]
[{"type": "p", "children": [{"url": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/catalogue/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/0e2e16ac-06e9-40b8-9aef-b3d228100564", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/catalogue/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/0e2e16ac-06e9-40b8-9aef-b3d228100564", "target": "_self"}}}, "type": "a", "children": [{"text": "Industrial Reporting under the Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU and European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register Regulation (EC) No 166/2006"}]}]}]
[{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "This indicator tracks trends of industrial emissions of selected air pollutants. The indicator includes releases of carbon dioxide (CO"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "2"}]}, {"text": "), the most significant greenhouse gas, acidifying pollutants (sulphur oxides (SO"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "x"}]}, {"text": "), nitrogen oxides (NO"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "x"}]}, {"text": ")), and other pollutants that damage human health and the environment, such as particulate matter (PM"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "10"}]}, {"text": "), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and heavy metals (Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg). These trends are presented together with the trend of gross value added (GVA) by industry, as an indicator of the economic contribution of the sector.\u00a0"}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The aggregated EU-27 trends feature in Figure 1 while country specific trend changes are offered in Figure 2."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The geographical coverage comprises the 27-EU Member States (EU-27) (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, and Sweden)."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The temporal coverage is 2010-2020. Data were reported to the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR)."}]}]
[{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Emissions \u2014 percentage change with reference to 2010."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Gross value added\u00a0\u2014 percentage change with reference to 2010."}]}]
[{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Anthropogenic air emissions contribute to a wide range of detrimental effects for the environment and human health. While many human activities contribute to these emissions, industry is a very significant sources. This indicator presents substances where industry contribution is particularly relevant."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) require industry operators to submit, among other data, values for releases of pollutants to the atmosphere across 91 pollutants."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Air pollution and air quality are regulated through various mechanisms in the EU. Industrial air emissions operate with a dedicated policy, Directive 2010/75/EU on industrial emissions. This EU legislation imposes a case-by-case permit for large industrial operators which contains emission limit values to air. These emissions, when above certain annual load thresholds, are to be reported to the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (e-PRTR)."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "This indicator is useful to capture how the industrial emission policy contributes to a progressive reduction of air releases in Europe. Due to the way the reporting mechanisms are designed, this indicator reflects emissions from large operators and only when annual releases are above the legally established thresholds. In other words, the indicator tracks emissions significant at a European scale and does not cover emissions from smaller operators."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "h4", "children": [{"text": "Targets"}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "No target is specified."}]}]
1
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[]
Layout
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"}]}]}, "d3d49723-14e5-4663-b346-37ee3572f28d": {"plaintext": "", "required": true, "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}], "readOnlySettings": true, "fixed": true, "@type": "slate", "instructions": {"data": "<p><br/></p>", "content-type": "text/html", "encoding": "utf8"}}, "a7b01772-d76c-4fc4-b8d8-e22a37fa3c4b": {"plaintext": "Some patterns can be identified. On the one hand, emissions of pollutants associated primarily to activities that include combustion processes (e.g. electricity producers, iron and steel works, cement plants), are generally decreasing across the board. This refers to emissions of NOx, SOx and PM 10 . This trend is consistent with the improvement of environmental performance of these industries and shifts of fuels (with a progressive abandonment of coal). Evidence points to EU policy as one of the key drivers of these positive developments as significant emissions reductions (over 50% since 2010) occurred in almost all countries that joined the European Union recently.", "@type": "slate", "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Some patterns can be identified. On the one hand, emissions of pollutants associated primarily to activities that include combustion processes (e.g. electricity producers, iron and steel works, cement plants), are generally decreasing across the board. This refers to emissions of NOx, SOx and PM"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "10"}]}, {"text": ". This trend is consistent with the improvement of environmental performance of these industries and shifts of fuels (with a progressive abandonment of coal). Evidence points to EU policy as one of the key drivers of these positive developments as significant emissions reductions (over 50% since 2010) occurred in almost all countries that joined the European Union recently. "}]}]}, "95b5215a-51da-4b3e-98e8-ebd70a88b42c": {"plaintext": "Since 2010, while recovering from the impact of the economic downturn of 2008 \u2013 2009, emission levels from the industrial sector decreased at a steady rate for most of the pollutants. Industrial emissions are very complex in terms of substances to consider, their impacts on environment and health and the very different realities across European countries.", "@type": "slate", "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Since 2010, while recovering from the impact of the economic downturn of 2008 \u2013 2009, emission levels from the industrial sector decreased at a steady rate for most of the pollutants. Industrial emissions are very complex in terms of substances to consider, their impacts on environment and health and the very different realities across European countries."}]}]}, "c27d8009-1a16-4448-8c89-b62d00764697": {"plaintext": "Heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb) are emitted in relatively lower amounts and they have a naturally variable trend over time. There are everal reasons for this, some related to the reporting mechanism (which includes estimations and operates with minimum thresholds) and others related to actual developments in that industry.", "@type": "slate", "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb) are emitted in relatively lower amounts and they have a naturally variable trend over time. There are everal reasons for this, some related to the reporting mechanism (which includes estimations and operates with minimum thresholds) and others related to actual developments in that industry. 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(https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/member-states-reporting-art-7-under-the-european-pollutant-release-and-transfer-register-e-prtr-regulation-18) accessed October 5, 2020.</div>\n</div>\n", "zoteroId": "E7QCPBDX", "uid": "xjlws", "footnoteTitle": "EEA, 2019, The European Pollutant Release and Trans"}, "children": [{"text": "European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR)"}]}, {"text": ", which covers releases from large industrial facilities involved only in certain activities."}]}]}, "2772bd7a-6b67-4839-8242-124597d63704": {"plaintext": "Between 2010 and 2021, industrial releases of SO x and PM 10 decreased by about 70% in the EU. Other emissions decreased to a lesser extent: heavy metals (Cd, Hg and Pb) by 56%, NO x by 47%, NMVOC by 29% and CO 2 by 23%. During the same period, the value that industry generated for the economy \u2014 measured by gross added value (GVA) \u2014 increased, indicating that European industry has become less emission intensive as the ratio of air pollutant releases to the production of industrial goods decreased. GVA in 2021 returned to a pre COVID-19 pandemic level, which led to a rebound of emissions. However, the rebound is not fundamentally challenging the overall decrease of emission intensity by the sector.", "@type": "slate", "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Between 2010 and 2021, industrial releases of SO"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "x"}]}, {"text": " and PM"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "10 "}]}, {"text": "decreased by about 70% in the EU. Other emissions decreased to a lesser extent: heavy metals (Cd, Hg and Pb) by 56%, NO"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "x"}]}, {"text": " by 47%, NMVOC by 29% and CO"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "2"}]}, {"text": " by 23%. During the same period, the value that industry generated for the economy \u2014 measured by gross added value (GVA) \u2014 increased, indicating that European industry has become less emission intensive as the ratio of air pollutant releases to the production of industrial goods decreased. GVA in 2021 returned to a pre COVID-19 pandemic level, which led to a rebound of emissions. However, the rebound is not fundamentally challenging the overall decrease of emission intensity by the sector. "}]}]}, "3d536ec9-355c-4888-92b8-66c8a8cb238d": {"plaintext": "European industry results in the release of pollutants to air. These include greenhouse gases, such as CO 2 and acidifying pollutants (e.g. sulphur oxides \u2014 SO x ), and other pollutants that damage human health and the environment, such as nitrogen oxides (NO x ), particulate matter (in this case PM 10 ), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and heavy metals including cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg).", "@type": "slate", "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "European industry results in the release of pollutants to air. These include greenhouse gases, such as CO"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "2"}]}, {"text": " and acidifying pollutants (e.g. sulphur oxides \u2014 SO"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "x"}]}, {"text": "), and other pollutants that damage human health and the environment, such as nitrogen oxides (NO"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "x"}]}, {"text": "), particulate matter (in this case PM"}, {"type": "sub", "children": [{"text": "10"}]}, {"text": "), non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and heavy metals including cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and mercury (Hg)."}]}]}, "deb7e84d-d2c8-4491-90fa-3dc65fe02143": {"plaintext": "", "required": true, "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}], "readOnlySettings": true, "fixed": true, "@type": "slate", "instructions": {"data": "<p><br/></p>", "content-type": "text/html", "encoding": "utf8"}}, "4143de90-49cb-4c14-b90d-52bc662b0025": {"plaintext": "To reduce pollutant emissions, natural resource use and waste generation, EU industrial policy aims to drive a transition to a strong, climate neutral industry based on circular material flows. Monitoring the release of air pollutants is key to tracking progress towards achieving this goal.", "@type": "slate", "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "To reduce pollutant emissions, natural resource use and waste generation, EU industrial policy"}, {"type": "zotero", "data": {"footnote": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; \">\n <div class=\"csl-entry\">EC, undated, 'Industrial policy', (https://ec.europa.eu/growth/industry/policy_en) accessed October 5, 2020.</div>\n</div>\n", "zoteroId": "YHBHPNAM", "footnoteTitle": "EC, undated, Industrial policy", "uid": "f2Vgs", "extra": [{"footnote": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; \">\n <div class=\"csl-entry\">EC, 2020, 'Making Europe&#x2019;s businesses future-ready: A new industrial strategy for a globally competitive, green and digital Europe', (https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_20_416) accessed October 5, 2020.</div>\n</div>\n", "zoteroId": "KPZFG2C5", "footnoteTitle": "EC, 2020, Making Europe's businesses future-ready:"}]}, "children": [{"text": " "}]}, {"text": " aims to drive a transition to a strong, climate neutral industry based on circular material flows. 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