Layout
Blocks
{
"2dc79b22-b2c8-450a-8044-ef04bfd044cf": {
"@type": "dividerBlock",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"hidden": true,
"readOnly": true,
"required": true,
"section": false,
"spacing": "m",
"styles": {}
},
"2ec8ba1c-769d-41fd-98c3-1e72b9c1d736": {
"@type": "dividerBlock",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"hidden": true,
"readOnly": true,
"required": true,
"section": false,
"spacing": "m",
"styles": {}
},
"677f7422-6da4-4c86-bca8-de732b7047b9": {
"@type": "dividerBlock",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"hidden": true,
"readOnly": true,
"required": true,
"section": false,
"spacing": "m",
"styles": {}
},
"81f8b8fa-52bb-459e-9f1a-92a18f0f7f3b": {
"@layout": "1bc4379d-cddb-4120-84ad-5ab025533b12",
"@type": "group",
"allowedBlocks": [
"slate"
],
"as": "section",
"block": "81f8b8fa-52bb-459e-9f1a-92a18f0f7f3b",
"data": {
"blocks": {
"43df8fab-b278-4b0e-a62c-ce6b8e0a881d": {
"@type": "dividerBlock",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fitted": false,
"fixed": true,
"hidden": true,
"readOnly": true,
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"section": false,
"short": true,
"spacing": "m",
"styles": {}
},
"7b1928b9-2bf8-41e5-aecd-5f0bbcad9948": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "The buildings sector is a key contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the EU, representing 33% of energy-related emissions in 2023. These emissions result partly from the direct use of fossil fuels in buildings (e.g. oil and gas used in boilers for heating) and from the production of electricity and heat for use in buildings (e.g. electricity consumed by water heaters, lighting, electrical devices, cooling systems, etc).",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "The buildings sector is a "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "key contributor"
}
],
"type": "strong"
},
{
"text": " to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the EU, representing 33% of energy-related emissions in 2023. These emissions result partly from the direct use of fossil fuels in buildings (e.g. oil and gas used in boilers for heating) and from the production of electricity and heat for use in buildings (e.g. electricity consumed by water heaters, lighting, electrical devices, cooling systems, etc)."
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"90bc23aa-877a-4f9c-bfd4-5d8a877a269f": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "Total GHG emissions between 2005 and 2023, including both direct and indirect emissions, from the EU buildings sector fell by 43% . This trend was largely driven by the EU decarbonisation strategy which is reflected in different legislations. It promotes simultaneous improvements of energy efficiency in buildings (for building envelop and equipment), end-use electrification in the residential sector and decarbonisation of the electricity and heating/cooling sectors. The general trend toward warmer winters \u2014 reducing heating needs \u2014 along with recent changes in heating behaviour, has also slightly contributed to reducing building emissions.",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Total GHG emissions between 2005 and 2023, including both direct and indirect emissions, from the EU buildings sector "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "fell by 43%"
}
],
"type": "strong"
},
{
"text": ". This trend was largely driven by the "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "EU decarbonisation strategy"
}
],
"data": {
"url": "https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/climate-strategies-targets/2050-long-term-strategy_en"
},
"type": "link"
},
{
"text": " which is reflected in different legislations. It promotes simultaneous improvements of energy efficiency in buildings (for building envelop and equipment), end-use electrification in the residential sector and decarbonisation of the electricity and heating/cooling sectors. The general trend toward warmer winters \u2014 reducing heating needs \u2014 along with recent changes in heating behaviour, has also slightly contributed to reducing building emissions."
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"9d56c05a-cf9e-449c-8019-e247e51f641d": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "The European Green Deal and Renovation Wave Strategy place strong emphasis on reductions in GHG emissions and energy use from buildings. A revised Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) was adopted in 2024. It also targets energy efficiency improvements in Europe's building stock, heating systems decarbonisation and solar rooftop systems development.",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "The "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "European Green Deal"
}
],
"data": {
"url": "https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en"
},
"type": "link"
},
{
"text": " and "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Renovation Wave Strategy"
}
],
"data": {
"url": "https://energy.ec.europa.eu/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficient-buildings/renovation-wave_en?prefLang=fr"
},
"type": "link"
},
{
"text": " place strong emphasis on reductions in GHG emissions and energy use from buildings. A revised "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Energy Performance of Buildings Directive"
}
],
"data": {
"url": "https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/ip_24_1965"
},
"type": "link"
},
{
"text": " (EPBD) was adopted in 2024. It also targets energy "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "efficiency improvements"
}
],
"type": "strong"
},
{
"text": " in Europe's building stock, heating systems decarbonisation and solar rooftop systems development. "
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"b0279dde-1ceb-4137-a7f1-5ab7b46a782c": {
"@type": "embed_content",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p>figure instructions goes here</p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"url": "../../../../resolveuid/b16f1de5ec3e460687d181580ddbbc76"
},
"b0924504-e748-4dc1-ad40-687594789a83": {
"@type": "group",
"className": "figure-metadata",
"data": {
"blocks": {
"a6b203f5-b2ca-42b6-8a03-ed1ee3b7e462": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "Figure 1. Greenhouse gas emissions from energy use in buildings in Europe",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Figure 1. Greenhouse gas emissions from energy use in buildings in Europe"
}
],
"type": "h3-light"
}
]
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"a6b203f5-b2ca-42b6-8a03-ed1ee3b7e462"
]
}
},
"id": "figure-metadata-b0279dde-1ceb-4137-a7f1-5ab7b46a782c",
"styles": {}
},
"dbd99293-ce48-4250-b2eb-cea3d7d32374": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "The EPBD, together with the Energy Efficiency Directive , Renewable Energy Directive and ETS Directive (which extends the EU ETS to buildings through a new \u201cETS2\u201d system) provide a legal framework to support decarbonisation of the EU building stock. From 2027, the ETS2 system will price direct carbon emissions from fuel used in buildings incentivising the shift to renewable energy use and improved building efficiency. Part of its revenues will be distributed to the Member States via the Social Climate Fund to support vulnerable households.",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "The EPBD, together with the "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Energy Efficiency Directive"
}
],
"data": {
"url": "https://energy.ec.europa.eu/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficiency-targets-directive-and-rules/energy-efficiency-directive_en"
},
"type": "link"
},
{
"text": ", "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Renewable Energy Directive"
}
],
"data": {
"url": "https://energy.ec.europa.eu/topics/renewable-energy/renewable-energy-directive-targets-and-rules/renewable-energy-directive_en"
},
"type": "link"
},
{
"text": " and "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "ETS Directive"
}
],
"data": {
"url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A02003L0087-20240301"
},
"type": "link"
},
{
"text": " (which extends the EU ETS to buildings through a new \u201cETS2\u201d system) provide a legal framework to"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": " support decarbonisation"
}
],
"type": "strong"
},
{
"text": " of the EU building stock. From 2027, the ETS2 system will price direct carbon emissions from fuel used in buildings incentivising the shift to renewable energy use and improved building efficiency. Part of its revenues will be distributed to the Member States via the "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Social Climate Fund "
}
],
"data": {
"url": "https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/carbon-markets/eu-emissions-trading-system-eu-ets/social-climate-fund_en"
},
"type": "link"
},
{
"text": "to support vulnerable households."
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"deb7e84d-d2c8-4491-90fa-3dc65fe02143": {
"@type": "slate",
"fixed": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p><br/></p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"plaintext": "",
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"df79f396-d513-4292-a407-5c3c3a99f47b": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "Estimates for 2024 indicate another slight decrease in direct emissions from fossil fuel use in buildings, compared to 2023, in a context of continuous energy efficiency and decarbonisation efforts of heating systems. Member States project the decreasing trend in emissions from buildings will continue in the future.",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Estimates for 2024 indicate another slight decrease in direct emissions from fossil fuel use in buildings, compared to 2023, in a context of continuous energy efficiency and "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "decarbonisation"
}
],
"type": "strong"
},
{
"text": " efforts of heating systems. Member States project the decreasing trend in emissions from buildings will continue in the future."
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"f07ee686-3b74-456f-bd54-0fd79f48270c": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "These reductions have been partly offset by the growing number of dwellings, larger average floor areas per person, and the increased use of appliances in residential buildings, all of which drive additional energy consumption. Cooling needs in buildings also increase energy use due to more frequent and longer heat waves in summer.",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "These reductions have been partly offset by the growing number of dwellings, larger average floor areas per person, and the increased use of appliances in residential buildings, all of which drive additional energy consumption. Cooling needs in buildings also increase energy use due to more frequent and longer heat waves in summer. "
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"b0924504-e748-4dc1-ad40-687594789a83",
"b0279dde-1ceb-4137-a7f1-5ab7b46a782c",
"43df8fab-b278-4b0e-a62c-ce6b8e0a881d",
"7b1928b9-2bf8-41e5-aecd-5f0bbcad9948",
"9d56c05a-cf9e-449c-8019-e247e51f641d",
"dbd99293-ce48-4250-b2eb-cea3d7d32374",
"90bc23aa-877a-4f9c-bfd4-5d8a877a269f",
"f07ee686-3b74-456f-bd54-0fd79f48270c",
"df79f396-d513-4292-a407-5c3c3a99f47b"
]
}
},
"disableInnerButtons": true,
"disableNewBlocks": false,
"fixed": true,
"ignoreSpaces": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p><strong>Assessment text remains at</strong> <strong>the relevant</strong> <strong>aggregate level</strong> <strong>(i.e.</strong> <strong>global, EU, sectoral)</strong> <strong>and addresses the following: </strong></p><ol keys=\"dkvn8,e367c,f4lpb,9j981,7ai6k,3g3pd\" depth=\"0\"><li>Explains in one or two sentences on the environmental rationale of the indicator, i.e. why it matters to the environment that we see an increase/decrease in the value measured.</li><li>Explains in one or two sentences the associated policy objective, which can be either quantitative or directional. More information on the policy objective and related references will be included in the supporting information section. Where there is no policy objective associated with the indicator, i.e. where the indicator addresses an issue that is important for future policy formulation, this text should explain instead why this issue is important.</li><li>IF NECESSARY - Explains any mismatch between what the indicator tracks and what the policy objective/issue is.</li><li>Qualifies the historical trend (e.g. steady increase) and explains the key reasons (e.g. policies) behind it. If there is a quantitative target it explains if we are on track to meet it.</li><li>IF NECESSARY - Explains any recent changes to the trend and why.</li><li>IF NECESSARY - Describes what needs to happen to see adequate progress in future, for instance in order to remain on track to meet targets.</li></ol><p><strong>Please cite your work if</strong> <strong>necessary</strong> <strong>using the EEA citation style (i.e.</strong> <strong>EEA, 2020). A full reference list appears in the supporting information section.</strong></p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"maxChars": "2000",
"placeholder": "Aggregate level assessment e.g. progress at global, EU level..",
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"title": "Aggregate level assessment"
},
"a6f521c4-f25c-445c-8df4-e1c3c08b8654": {
"@layout": "8cb090c3-7071-40b8-9c7b-aca2ca3d0ad9",
"@type": "accordion",
"allowedBlocks": [
"columnsBlock",
"slateFootnotes",
"metadataSection"
],
"block": "a6f521c4-f25c-445c-8df4-e1c3c08b8654",
"collapsed": true,
"data": {
"blocks": {
"309c5ef9-de09-4759-bc02-802370dfa366": {
"@type": "accordionPanel",
"blocks": {
"e047340c-c02e-4247-89ab-5fec73aeb5d3": {
"@type": "columnsBlock",
"data": {
"blocks": {
"a8a2323e-32af-426e-9ede-1f17affd664c": {
"blocks": {
"fe145094-71e0-4b3d-82f3-e4d79ac13533": {
"@type": "metadataSection",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fields": [
{
"@id": "94d638f1-89e1-4f97-aa59-b89b565f60fb",
"field": {
"id": "taxonomy_typology",
"title": "Typology",
"widget": "choices"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "ec261e45-f97d-465c-b5a3-0e4aa5187114",
"field": {
"id": "taxonomy_un_sdgs",
"title": "UN SDGs",
"widget": "array"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "eaef9ff4-0f8d-4360-9d19-5c6a2fd2dd00",
"field": {
"id": "unit_of_measure",
"title": "Unit of measure",
"widget": "slate"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "089cd1a1-92d4-47e2-8f6e-4bdb358600fe",
"field": {
"id": "frequency_of_dissemination",
"title": "Frequency of dissemination",
"widget": "integer"
},
"showLabel": true
}
],
"fixed": true,
"fixedLayout": true,
"readOnly": false,
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"title": "Right column",
"variation": "default"
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"fe145094-71e0-4b3d-82f3-e4d79ac13533"
]
},
"readOnlySettings": true
},
"d9b41958-c17c-45f8-bae1-4140b537a033": {
"blocks": {
"2a56568a-10af-4a5b-8c73-22aa8cb734fe": {
"@type": "metadataSection",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fields": [
{
"@id": "48a20e0b-d3bd-41ac-aa06-e97c61071bd2",
"field": {
"id": "taxonomy_dpsir",
"title": "DPSIR",
"widget": "choices"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "34ceb93f-b405-4afd-aeae-a05abd44d355",
"field": {
"id": "topics",
"title": "Topics",
"widget": "array"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "fd2cdb9e-5ddd-4b46-8382-0d687ce2883e",
"field": {
"id": "subjects",
"title": "Tags",
"widget": "tags"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "0e842d87-c9f4-438e-b234-f83141d25ff3",
"field": {
"id": "temporal_coverage",
"title": "Temporal coverage",
"widget": "temporal"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "0b8ee8c2-046b-4243-9f11-116df6e0a524",
"field": {
"id": "geo_coverage",
"title": "Geographic coverage",
"widget": "geolocation"
},
"showLabel": true
}
],
"fixed": true,
"fixedLayout": true,
"readOnly": false,
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"title": "Left column",
"variation": "default"
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"2a56568a-10af-4a5b-8c73-22aa8cb734fe"
]
},
"readOnlySettings": true
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"d9b41958-c17c-45f8-bae1-4140b537a033",
"a8a2323e-32af-426e-9ede-1f17affd664c"
]
}
},
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"fixedLayout": true,
"gridCols": [
"halfWidth",
"halfWidth"
],
"gridSize": 12,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p><br/></p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"readOnly": false,
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"title": "Metadata"
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"e047340c-c02e-4247-89ab-5fec73aeb5d3"
]
},
"readOnlySettings": true,
"title": "Metadata"
},
"546a7c35-9188-4d23-94ee-005d97c26f2b": {
"@type": "accordionPanel",
"blocks": {
"b5381428-5cae-4199-9ca8-b2e5fa4677d9": {
"@type": "metadataSection",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fields": [
{
"@id": "62c471fc-128f-4eff-98f9-9e83d9643fc7",
"field": {
"id": "data_description",
"title": "Definition",
"widget": "slate"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "ee67688d-3170-447a-a235-87b4e4ff0928",
"field": {
"id": "methodology",
"title": "Methodology",
"widget": "slate"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "b8a8f01c-0669-48e3-955d-d5d62da1b555",
"field": {
"id": "policy_relevance",
"title": "Policy/environmental relevance",
"widget": "slate"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "d71a80d1-0e65-46d9-8bd4-45aca22bc5dc",
"field": {
"id": "accuracy_and_reliability",
"title": "Accuracy and uncertainties",
"widget": "slate"
},
"showLabel": true
},
{
"@id": "97ed11f5-4d31-4462-b3b0-2756a6880d31",
"field": {
"id": "data_provenance",
"title": "Data sources and providers",
"widget": "data_provenance"
},
"showLabel": true
}
],
"fixed": true,
"fixedLayout": true,
"readOnly": false,
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"title": "Supporting information",
"variation": "default"
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"b5381428-5cae-4199-9ca8-b2e5fa4677d9"
]
},
"readOnlySettings": true,
"title": "Supporting information"
},
"ecdb3bcf-bbe9-4978-b5cf-0b136399d9f8": {
"@type": "accordionPanel",
"blocks": {
"d9aa8ed3-1c8a-4134-a324-663489a04473": {
"@type": "slateFootnotes",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"global": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p><br/></p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"placeholder": "References and footnotes will appear here",
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"d9aa8ed3-1c8a-4134-a324-663489a04473"
]
},
"readOnlySettings": true,
"selected": "b142c252-337d-4f6e-8ed2-ff4c43601e2f",
"title": "References and footnotes"
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"546a7c35-9188-4d23-94ee-005d97c26f2b",
"309c5ef9-de09-4759-bc02-802370dfa366",
"ecdb3bcf-bbe9-4978-b5cf-0b136399d9f8"
]
}
},
"disableInnerButtons": true,
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"fixedLayout": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p><br/></p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"non_exclusive": false,
"readOnly": false,
"readOnlySettings": true,
"readOnlyTitles": true,
"required": true,
"title": "Additional information",
"title_size": "h3"
},
"c5e6245a-8b44-478f-ad4e-1ec3e0dad18a": {
"@layout": "794c9b24-5cd4-4b9f-a0cd-b796aadc86e8",
"@type": "group",
"allowedBlocks": [],
"as": "section",
"block": "c5e6245a-8b44-478f-ad4e-1ec3e0dad18a",
"data": {
"blocks": {
"12d8c532-f7ad-43fe-ada7-330b2d7a7a39": {
"@type": "slate",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p><br/></p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"plaintext": "Published: date \u2012 25min read",
"readOnly": true,
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Published: "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "date"
}
],
"data": {
"id": "effective",
"widget": "datetime"
},
"type": "mention"
},
{
"text": " \u2012 25min read"
}
],
"type": "sup"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"1c31c956-5086-476a-8694-9936cfa6c240": {
"@type": "description",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p>The summary tells the reader about the indicator trend over the examined period and whether or not it helps to achieve the associated policy objective, which can be either quantitative or directional.</p><p>In the absence of a policy objective, it explains whether the trend is in the right or wrong direction in relation to the issue examined.</p><p>If there has been an important change over the most recent period of the time series, e.g. over the last year, this is indicated too.</p><p>Furthermore, if there is a quantitative target, it also indicates whether we are on track to meet it and if not what are the reasons preventing that, e.g. socio-economic drivers, implementation gap etc.</p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"placeholder": "Summary",
"plaintext": "Between 2005 and 2023, greenhouse gas emissions from buildings in the European Union fell by 43%. Estimates for 2024 indicate that a further modest reduction of emissions from fossil fuels used in buildings was achieved. This progress was driven by higher energy efficiency standards for new buildings, efficiency improvements in existing buildings, measures to decarbonise the electricity sector and heating systems, and warmer temperatures. The trend towards declining emissions from the buildings sector is expected to continue over the longer term. ",
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Between 2005 and 2023, greenhouse gas emissions from buildings in the European Union fell by 43%. Estimates for 2024 indicate that a further modest reduction of emissions from fossil fuels used in buildings was achieved. This progress was driven by higher energy efficiency standards for new buildings, efficiency improvements in existing buildings, measures to decarbonise the electricity sector and heating systems, and warmer temperatures. The trend towards declining emissions from the buildings sector is expected to continue over the longer term."
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "b"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"3cccc2bb-471a-44c7-b006-5595c4713ff2": {
"@type": "layoutSettings",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"layout_size": "narrow_view",
"readOnly": true,
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true
},
"ddde07aa-4e48-4475-94bd-e1a517d26eab": {
"copyrightIcon": "ri-copyright-line",
"styles": {},
"variation": "default",
"@type": "title",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"hideContentType": true,
"hideCreationDate": true,
"hideDownloadButton": true,
"hideModificationDate": true,
"placeholder": "Indicator title",
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"ddde07aa-4e48-4475-94bd-e1a517d26eab",
"1c31c956-5086-476a-8694-9936cfa6c240",
"3cccc2bb-471a-44c7-b006-5595c4713ff2"
]
}
},
"disableInnerButtons": true,
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"fixedLayout": true,
"ignoreSpaces": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p>The summary tells the reader about the indicator trend over the examined period and whether or not it helps to achieve the associated policy objective, which can be either quantitative or directional.</p><p>In the absence of a policy objective, it explains whether the trend is in the right or wrong direction in relation to the issue examined.</p><p>If there has been an important change over the most recent period of the time series, e.g. over the last year, this is indicated too.</p><p>Furthermore, if there is a quantitative target, it also indicates whether we are on track to meet it and if not what are the reasons preventing that, e.g. socio-economic drivers, implementation gap etc.</p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"maxChars": "500",
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"styles": {
"style_name": "environment-theme-bg"
},
"title": "Content header"
},
"dc14744d-ee99-49ae-9ea8-509c608bec69": {
"@layout": "d060487d-88fc-4f7b-8ea4-003f14e0fb0c",
"@type": "group",
"allowedBlocks": [
"slate"
],
"as": "section",
"block": "dc14744d-ee99-49ae-9ea8-509c608bec69",
"data": {
"blocks": {
"02ba4a04-fcfe-4968-806f-1dac3119cfef": {
"@type": "embed_content",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p><br/></p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"url": "../../../../resolveuid/cf8e23e229f749a0b9238e3840393fce"
},
"43df8fab-b278-4b0e-a62c-ce6b8e0a881e": {
"@type": "dividerBlock",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fitted": false,
"fixed": true,
"hidden": true,
"readOnly": true,
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"section": false,
"short": true,
"spacing": "m",
"styles": {}
},
"70b2a360-f6c2-4735-9fb7-0fe58c50d6f3": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "Compared to 2005, national projections of GHG emissions from buildings foresee a further decrease in emissions by 2030 for most Member States. However, this is not the case for Malta, where foreseen growth correlates to increased electricity use for air conditioning. Additional measures in four countries (Sweden, Denmark, Greece, Slovenia) are expected to result in emissions reductions from buildings of 80% or more by 2030, compared to 2005 levels.",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Compared to 2005, national projections of GHG emissions from buildings foresee a\u00a0"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "further decrease"
}
],
"type": "b"
},
{
"text": "\u00a0in emissions by 2030 for most Member States. However, this is not the case for Malta, where foreseen growth correlates to increased electricity use for air conditioning. Additional measures in four countries (Sweden, Denmark, Greece, Slovenia) are expected to result in emissions reductions from buildings of 80% or more by 2030, compared to 2005 levels."
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"7fc5f14b-4d26-4709-987d-bb8af5ef034b": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "While emissions from the use of fossil fuels in buildings decreased in the EU over the period 2005-2023, historical and projected emissions differ significantly from one Member State to another. During this period, buildings' emissions decreased most significantly in Sweden, Denmark, Greece, Slovenia and Finland (with reductions ranging from 57% to 72%) while Lithuania, Romania, Malta and Luxembourg reported more modest reductions (ranging from 4% to 16%).",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "While emissions from the use of\u00a0"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "fossil fuels"
}
],
"type": "b"
},
{
"text": "\u00a0in buildings decreased in the EU over the period 2005-2023, historical and projected emissions differ significantly from one Member State to another. During this period, buildings' emissions decreased most significantly in Sweden, Denmark, Greece, Slovenia and Finland (with reductions ranging from 57% to 72%) while Lithuania, Romania, Malta and Luxembourg reported more modest reductions (ranging from 4% to 16%)."
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"80f4792e-d902-43a1-872a-0e37ab1e70a6": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": " "
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
},
"99339fc3-a80d-4248-938f-6c4e4ed96235": {
"@type": "group",
"className": "figure-metadata",
"data": {
"blocks": {
"80719d1b-f2c2-46f7-90ed-3100667709c1": {
"@type": "slate",
"plaintext": "Figure 2. Past and projected greenhouse gas emissions from energy use in buildings by country",
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Figure 2. Past and projected greenhouse gas emissions from energy use in buildings by country"
}
],
"type": "h3-light"
}
]
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"80719d1b-f2c2-46f7-90ed-3100667709c1"
]
}
},
"id": "figure-metadata-02ba4a04-fcfe-4968-806f-1dac3119cfef",
"styles": {}
},
"d3d49723-14e5-4663-b346-37ee3572f28d": {
"@type": "slate",
"fixed": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<p><br/></p>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"plaintext": "",
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"value": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
}
},
"blocks_layout": {
"items": [
"99339fc3-a80d-4248-938f-6c4e4ed96235",
"02ba4a04-fcfe-4968-806f-1dac3119cfef",
"43df8fab-b278-4b0e-a62c-ce6b8e0a881e",
"80f4792e-d902-43a1-872a-0e37ab1e70a6",
"7fc5f14b-4d26-4709-987d-bb8af5ef034b",
"70b2a360-f6c2-4735-9fb7-0fe58c50d6f3"
]
}
},
"disableInnerButtons": true,
"disableNewBlocks": false,
"fixed": true,
"ignoreSpaces": true,
"instructions": {
"content-type": "text/html",
"data": "<ol keys=\"9bbul,b1sa2,171og,1c1t5\" depth=\"0\"><li>Depending on the indicator context, this text can provide information at country level or, if this is not relevant, at some other level, e.g. sectoral, regional level.</li><li>This text interprets the data represented in the chart, rather than describing results, i.e. it provides explanations for some of the results.</li><li>The text related to progress at this level does not have to be comprehensive.</li><li>If there is no information that adds value to what is already visible there is no need to have any text.</li></ol>",
"encoding": "utf8"
},
"maxChars": "1000",
"placeholder": "Disaggregate level assessment e.g. country, sectoral, regional level assessment",
"readOnly": false,
"readOnlySettings": true,
"required": true,
"title": "Disaggregate level assessment"
},
"e9736b7c-4902-48aa-aecd-b706409a576d": {
"@type": "dividerBlock",
"disableNewBlocks": true,
"fixed": true,
"hidden": true,
"readOnly": true,
"required": true,
"section": false,
"spacing": "m",
"styles": {}
}
}
Blocks Layout
{
"items": [
"c5e6245a-8b44-478f-ad4e-1ec3e0dad18a",
"81f8b8fa-52bb-459e-9f1a-92a18f0f7f3b",
"dc14744d-ee99-49ae-9ea8-509c608bec69",
"a6f521c4-f25c-445c-8df4-e1c3c08b8654"
]
}
Supporting information
Methodology
[
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Emissions from fossil fuels used in buildings (direct emissions)"
}
],
"type": "b"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "This indicator is based on the official GHG inventories submitted by EEA member countries to the EEA, and on the GHG emissions projections submitted by EU Member States under the "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Governance Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2018/1999)"
}
],
"data": {
"footnote": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; \">\n <div class=\"csl-entry\">EU, 2018, Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action, OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 1-77.</div>\n</div>\n",
"footnoteTitle": "EU, Regulation (EU) 2018/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action",
"uid": "gy3C6",
"zoteroId": "CJDEIDC5"
},
"type": "zotero"
},
{
"text": "."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Greenhouse gas inventories"
}
],
"type": "b"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "For the preparation of their national inventories, countries use the methodologies of the "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories"
}
],
"data": {
"footnote": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; \">\n <div class=\"csl-entry\">IPCC, 2006, <i>2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories</i>, Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, Hanawa, Japan.</div>\n</div>\n",
"footnoteTitle": "IPCC, 2006, 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenh, Hanawa, Japan",
"uid": "GXYkh",
"zoteroId": "4MFPSSY4"
},
"type": "zotero"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "i"
},
{
"text": ". Commercial buildings and Residential buildings are included (corresponding respectively to sectors 1A4a and 1A4b of the IPCC classification)."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Projected greenhouse gas emissions"
}
],
"type": "b"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "For projected GHG emissions, information submitted by EEA member countries under the "
},
{
"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/1999/oj/eng"
},
"children": [
{
"text": "Governance Regulation"
}
]
},
{
"text": " is used. The projected GHG emissions referred to in the indicator are those reported under the \u2018with existing measures\u2019 (WEM) scenario and the \u2018with additional measures\u2019 (WAM) scenario."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "The projected GHG emissions data include data Commercial buildings and Residential buildings (corresponding respectively to sectors 1A4a and 1A4b of the IPCC classification). "
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Approximated greenhouse gas inventory"
}
],
"type": "b"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "This indicator also uses data and estimates from the \u2018Approximated GHG inventory\u2019 for the year (X-1). \u2018Proxy\u2019 inventories are reported by Member States to the EEA and to the Commission under the Governance Regulation by 31 July of each year, X, and are calculated at an aggregate level on the basis of the national and international information available for the year (X-1)."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Member States provide Proxy estimates only for the entire IPCC sector 1.A.4, not-sub-sectors. It includes therefore more emissions than the only ones of Commercial buildings and Residential buildings. To address this isse, the following adjustment is made: the percentage difference in emissions for year (X-1) and (X-2) of the entire 1.A.4 sector is used to estimate the value of emissions for year X for sub-sectors 1.A.4.a and 1.A.4.b from the value of emissions from the GHG inventory for year (X-1) for these sub-sectors\u2019."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Emissions from electricity use in buildings (indirect emissions)"
}
],
"type": "b"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Indirect emissions from electricity, heat and combined heat and power in residential, commercial and institutional buildings include the emissions from electricity and heat production (IPCC sector 1.A.1.a) that are allocated to buildings (IPCC sectors 1.A.4.a and 1.A.4.b) according to the end-user methodology developed by the EEA. The methodology is based on an EEA report, which is publicly available at:"
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/end-user-ghg-emissions-energy"
}
],
"data": {
"url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/end-user-ghg-emissions-energy"
},
"type": "link"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": " "
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Methodology for gap filling"
}
],
"type": "h4"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "No methodology for gap filling has been specified."
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
Data sources and providers
{
"readOnly": true,
"data": [
{
"@id": "9f9fee3c-57c3-4490-9e01-769683d8c97b",
"link": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/maps-and-charts/greenhouse-gases-viewer-data-viewers",
"organisation": "European Environment Agency (EEA)",
"title": "National emissions reported to the UNFCCC and to the EU Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Mechanism"
},
{
"@id": "abf10e63-6ad6-49a9-9718-b23cc061d748",
"link": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/datahub/datahubitem-view/f6e68f73-b494-4f8c-8c73-8a153a53f64a?activeAccordion=1090806",
"organisation": "European Environment Agency (EEA)",
"title": "Approximated estimates for greenhouse gas emissions, 2023 "
},
{
"@id": "584409da-1a9b-4409-9fc6-2f48becfdd2e",
"link": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/datahub/datahubitem-view/4b8d94a4-aed7-4e67-a54c-0623a50f48e8?activeAccordion=1090805",
"organisation": "European Environment Agency (EEA)",
"title": "Member States' greenhouse gas (GHG) emission projections 2024"
},
{
"@id": "197619c3-dfa3-4f5b-b782-e260943656a7",
"link": "https://climate-energy.eea.europa.eu/topics/climate-change-mitigation/greenhouse-gas-emissions-inventory/data",
"organisation": "European Environment Agency (EEA)",
"title": "Member States' greenhouse gas (GHG) emission projections/End-users emissions"
},
{
"@id": "d3fd1560-8d05-41be-87a6-433d31247ea6",
"link": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/datahub/datahubitem-view/3b7fe76c-524a-439a-bfd2-a6e4046302a2?activeAccordion=1096150",
"organisation": "European Environment Agency (EEA)",
"title": "National emissions reported to the UNFCCC and to the EU under the Governance Regulation, 2025 ver. 3.0"
}
]
}
Definition
[
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "This indicator presents past and latest year GHG emissions estimates and projected GHG emissions trends for energy used in the residential and commercial sector in the European Union. Historical data include emissions from the use of fossil fuels in buildings (also called \u2018direct emissions\u2019) and emissions from the use of electricity and heat (also called \u2018indirect emissions\u2019); the latter come mainly from emissions resulting from the production of the heat and the electricity that is subsequently used in buildings. Emissions from the construction, renovation or demolition of buildings are not covered by this indicator."
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
Unit of measure
[
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Million tonnes of CO"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "2 "
}
],
"type": "sub"
},
{
"text": "equivalent (MtCO"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "2"
}
],
"type": "sub"
},
{
"text": "e);"
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Percentage"
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
Policy / environmental relevance
[
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Climate change is one of the greatest environmental, social and economic threats facing the world, and the warming of the climate system is unequivocal according to the "
},
{
"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://www.ipcc.ch/"
},
"children": [
{
"text": "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)"
}
]
},
{
"text": ". To prevent the most severe impacts of climate change, countries that have signed up to the "
},
{
"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://www.un.org/climatesecuritymechanism/en/united-nations-framework-convention-climate-change-unfccc-and-climate-peace-and-security"
},
"children": [
{
"text": "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change"
}
]
},
{
"text": " (UNFCCC) have agreed to cooperate with a view to limiting the increase in global average temperature and the resulting climate change by decreasing emissions of GHG."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "The buildings sector being one of the massive emitters of GHGs in Europe, the overall EU 2030 target for decreasing GHG emissions (55% below the 1990 level) and the long-term 2050 climate neutrality objective cannot be achieved if emissions from buildings are not addressed quickly and comprehensively. Tackling GHG emissions from buildings is therefore a key priority of EU climate policy. This sector is also a key priority in other regions of the world and therefore at a global level as well."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "The indicator is directly responsive to changes in related human activities, such as actions related to energy performance in buildings, energy labelling and the eco-design of products, and actions to decarbonise the electricity and the heating/cooling sectors."
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
Frequency of dissemination
1
Accuracy and uncertainties
[
{
"type": "p",
"children": [
{
"text": "No specific uncertainties have been reported for this indicator."
}
]
}
]