Textiles

Textiles

Jeans, raincoats, curtains, bedlinen, shoes, sportswear... The list is endless. We all need and use textile products. Textile consumption in Europe causes on average the fourth highest pressure on the environment and climate, following consumption of food, housing and mobility.

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Title Textiles
Description Jeans, raincoats, curtains, bedlinen, shoes, sportswear... The list is endless. We all need and use textile products. Textile consumption in Europe causes on average the fourth highest pressure on the environment and climate, following consumption of food, housing and mobility.
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These can range from the land and water used to produce the fibres and the energy and chemical dyes used in its manufacturing and production, to its retailing and disposal. \r" } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "1809335e-036e-4d9a-b0b0-45ae99635988": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": " Circular business models and design can reduce the negative impacts of textile production and consumption by retaining the value of textiles, extending their life cycles and increasing the usage of recycled materials. This requires technical, social and business innovation, supported by policy, education and changes in consumer behaviour.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Circular business models and design" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": " can reduce the negative impacts of textile production and consumption by retaining the value of textiles, extending their life cycles and increasing the usage of recycled materials. This requires technical, social and business innovation, supported by policy, education and changes in consumer behaviour." } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "24f6ccf5-6d34-48d3-947f-f920ad6508fc": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": " Our assessments show that, compared with other consumption categories, textiles consumption in the EU caused in 2020 the third highest pressures on water and land use , and the fifth highest use of raw materials and greenhouse gas emission s .", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Our assessments" } ], "data": { "url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/textiles-and-the-environment-the/textiles-and-the-environment-the" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": " show that, compared with other consumption categories, textiles consumption in the EU caused in 2020 the third highest pressures on " }, { "children": [ { "text": "water and land use" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": ", and the fifth highest use of " }, { "children": [ { "text": "raw materials" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": " and " }, { "children": [ { "text": "greenhouse gas emission" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": "" }, { "children": [ { "text": "s" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": ". \r" } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "eccba9c9-ae93-4b3c-8768-e60fb3d7f248": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "At the same time, worldwide, the textiles sector is the third largest employer , after food and housing, with almost 13 million full-time equivalent workers employed worldwide in the supply chain to produce the amount of clothing, textiles and footwear consumed only in the EU-27 in 2020. Most production takes place in Asia, where low production costs often come at the expense of workers\u2019 health and safety.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "At the same time, worldwide, the textiles sector is the " }, { "children": [ { "text": "third largest employer" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": ", after food and housing, with almost 13 million full-time equivalent workers employed worldwide in the supply chain to produce the amount of clothing, textiles and footwear consumed only in the EU-27 in 2020. Most production takes place in Asia, where low production costs often come at the expense of workers\u2019 health and safety.\r" } ], "type": "p" } ] } }, "blocks_layout": { "items": [ "07f3212d-a8df-4ff2-9ee5-adae1ce6062e", "24f6ccf5-6d34-48d3-947f-f920ad6508fc", "eccba9c9-ae93-4b3c-8768-e60fb3d7f248", "1809335e-036e-4d9a-b0b0-45ae99635988" ] }, "title": "Overview" }, "e3e6b879-fef4-4a88-9436-5f0064698270": { "@type": "tab", "blocks": { "0e587bfc-d5fa-44f9-bc7d-004004a9719b": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "\r" } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "1cb94455-46ed-4970-b5a2-306b71b14b55": { "@type": "callToActionBlock", "href": "http://backend:8080/www/en/about/policy-corner-eu-policies-we-support", "styles": { "align": "right", "theme": "secondary" }, "text": "See the EU policies we support" }, "93cac18d-7ec9-464a-ac3b-71991a61e51a": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "The EU strategy for sustainable and circular textiles addresses the production and consumption of textiles , whilst recognising the importance of the textiles sector. It implements the commitments of the European Green Deal , the new circular economy action plan and the industrial strategy .", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "The EU strategy for sustainable and circular textiles addresses the " }, { "children": [ { "text": "production and consumption of textiles" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": ", whilst recognising the importance of the textiles sector. It implements the commitments of the " }, { "children": [ { "text": "European Green Deal" } ], "data": { "url": "https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/european-green-deal_en" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": ", the " }, { "children": [ { "text": "new circular economy action plan" } ], "data": { "url": "https://environment.ec.europa.eu/strategy/circular-economy-action-plan_en" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": " and the " }, { "children": [ { "text": "industrial strategy" } ], "data": { "url": "https://commission.europa.eu/strategy-and-policy/priorities-2019-2024/europe-fit-digital-age/european-industrial-strategy_en" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": "." } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "cd2eea3e-18f2-4911-9e44-274f70b7ea5e": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "Along with plastics , textiles are one of the material flows the EEA works on with the aim to better understand Europe's progress and challenges towards a circular economy.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "Along with " }, { "children": [ { "text": "plastics" } ], "data": { "url": "http://backend:8080/www/en/topics/in-depth/plastics" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": ", textiles are one of the material flows the EEA works on with the aim to better understand Europe's progress and challenges towards a circular economy. 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The philosophy behind it is that \"fast fashion is out of fashion\" and consumers benefit longer from high-quality affordable textiles. \r" } ], "type": "p" } ] } }, "blocks_layout": { "items": [ "ed478884-0409-45c8-b331-4ad6ec6e9652", "0e587bfc-d5fa-44f9-bc7d-004004a9719b", "93cac18d-7ec9-464a-ac3b-71991a61e51a", "cd2eea3e-18f2-4911-9e44-274f70b7ea5e", "1cb94455-46ed-4970-b5a2-306b71b14b55" ] }, "title": "EU action" }, "fa515f0c-9ab0-493c-b4cd-58a32dfaae0a": { "@type": "tab", "blocks": { "06d2086c-8459-4fcd-9c0b-97b47fb172dc": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "Starting with 2025, EU Member States must put separate collection systems in place for textiles. Around 4-9% of all textile products put on the European market are destroyed without ever being used for their intended purpose. In 2020, each person in the EU consumed on average 16 kg of textiles , \u00a04.4kg per person were collected separately for reuse and recycling, and 11.6kg per person ended up in mixed household waste. Between 60 to 70 % of textiles are made of plastic (mostly polyester), which is made of oil and gas. The remainder is made of biobased textiles, including cotton and wool. Per average person in the EU, in 2020, textile consumption required nine cubic metres of water, 400 square metres of land, 391 kilogrammes (kg) of raw materials , and caused a carbon footprint of about 270 kg. Most of the resource use and emissions took place outside of Europe. In 2017, it was estimated that less than 1% of all textiles worldwide are recycled into new products , according to the Ellen MacArthur Foundation . The amount of used textiles exported from the EU has tripled over the past two decades from slightly over 550,000 tonnes in 2000 to almost 1.7 million tonnes in 2019.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "children": [ { "text": "Starting with 2025, EU Member States must put " }, { "children": [ { "text": "separate collection systems" } ], "data": { "url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/management-of-used-and-waste-textiles" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": " in place for textiles." } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Around 4-9% of all textile products put on the European market " }, { "children": [ { "text": "are destroyed" } ], "data": { "url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/the-destruction-of-returned-and/" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": " without ever being used for their intended purpose." } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "In 2020, each person in the EU consumed on average " }, { "children": [ { "text": "16 kg of textiles" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": ", \u00a04.4kg per person were collected separately for reuse and recycling, and 11.6kg per person ended up in mixed household waste.\u00a0" } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Between " }, { "children": [ { "text": "60 to 70 % of textiles are made of plastic" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": " (mostly polyester), which is made of oil and gas. The remainder is made of biobased textiles, including cotton and wool.\r" } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Per average person in the EU, in 2020, " }, { "children": [ { "text": "textile consumption" } ], "data": { "url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/textiles-and-the-environment-the/textiles-and-the-environment-the" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": " required " }, { "children": [ { "text": "nine cubic metres of water, 400 square metres of land, 391 kilogrammes (kg) of raw materials" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": ", and caused a carbon footprint of about 270 kg. Most of the resource use and emissions took place outside of Europe.\r" } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "In 2017, it was estimated that " }, { "children": [ { "text": "less than 1% of all textiles worldwide are recycled into new products" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": ", " }, { "children": [ { "text": "according to the Ellen MacArthur Foundation" } ], "data": { "url": "https://emf.thirdlight.com/link/2axvc7eob8zx-za4ule/@/preview/1?o" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": ". " } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "The amount of used textiles exported from the EU has\u00a0" }, { "children": [ { "text": "tripled over the past two decades" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": "\u00a0from slightly over 550,000 tonnes in 2000 to almost 1.7 million tonnes in 2019.\r\r" } ], "type": "li" } ], "type": "ul" } ] }, "6b358129-a182-4532-b74d-6b8ea540237e": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "\r" } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "c51dfd3f-eae9-4934-b7eb-79cc0c0749bf": { "@type": "callToActionBlock", "href": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/textiles-and-the-environment-the/textiles-and-the-environment-the", "styles": { "align": "right", "theme": "secondary" }, "text": "Read more on textiles and circular economy" } }, "blocks_layout": { "items": [ "06d2086c-8459-4fcd-9c0b-97b47fb172dc", "6b358129-a182-4532-b74d-6b8ea540237e", "c51dfd3f-eae9-4934-b7eb-79cc0c0749bf" ] }, "title": "Key facts" } }, "blocks_layout": { "items": [ "07e50b68-8bf2-4641-ba6b-eda1afd544be", "fa515f0c-9ab0-493c-b4cd-58a32dfaae0a", "e3e6b879-fef4-4a88-9436-5f0064698270" ] }, "iconSize": "small", "imageSize": "icon" }, "disableNewBlocks": true, "fixed": true, "menuFluid": false, "menuPointing": true, "menuPosition": "top", "menuSecondary": true, "menuText": false, "readOnlySettings": true, "required": true, "template": "accordion", "theme": "light", "verticalAlign": "flex-start" }, "4f92f8b1-314b-4e7a-bc2d-c63152b07f80": { "@type": "tabs_block", "data": { "blocks": { "07e50b68-8bf2-4641-ba6b-eda1afd544be": { "@type": "tab", "blocks": { "86a09bdb-1776-4baa-85c0-d8ce164df3d7": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "Climate change is happening now \u2013 and even if we effectively reduce global emissions, it will worsen. Flooding, droughts, heatwaves and other climate-related hazards will become commonplace.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "Climate change is happening now \u2013 and even if we effectively reduce global emissions, it will worsen. Flooding, droughts, heatwaves and other climate-related hazards will become commonplace.\u00a0 " } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "8a0c9bde-f8c5-43bd-8add-dc1996d88cab": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "While all Europeans will be affected by climate change, some communities and geographical areas will be more vulnerable. To reduce future climate risks and damage throughout the EU, we must start adapting today.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "While all Europeans will be affected by climate change, some communities and geographical areas will be more vulnerable. To reduce future climate risks and damage throughout the EU, we must start adapting today. 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Fast fashion accounts for particularly high levels of such releases because fast fashion garments account for a high share of first washes, as they are used for only a short time and tend to wear out quickly due to their low quality.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "The majority of microplastics from textiles are " }, { "children": [ { "text": "released the first few times textiles are washed" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": ". Fast fashion accounts for particularly high levels of such releases because fast fashion garments account for a high share of first washes, as they are used for only a short time and tend to wear out quickly due to their low quality.\r" } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "516f5aac-86f9-4e6f-9b3d-9ee48e752b17": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. 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Settings
Versioning enabled yes
Short name textiles
workflow
Content responsible Head of Group
EEA core metadata
Topics Textiles
Temporal coverage {}
Geographical coverage { "geolocation": [ { "value": "geo-783754", "label": "Albania", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2782113", "label": "Austria", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2802361", "label": "Belgium", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-732800", "label": "Bulgaria", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-3202326", "label": "Croatia", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-146669", "label": "Cyprus", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-3077311", "label": "Czechia", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2623032", "label": "Denmark", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-453733", "label": "Estonia", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-660013", "label": "Finland", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-3017382", "label": "France", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2921044", "label": "Germany", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-390903", "label": "Greece", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-719819", "label": "Hungary", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2629691", "label": "Iceland", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EFTA4", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2963597", "label": "Ireland", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-3175395", "label": "Italy", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-831053", "label": "Kosovo (UNSCR 1244/99)", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39" ] }, { "value": "geo-458258", "label": "Latvia", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-3042058", "label": "Liechtenstein", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EFTA4", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-597427", "label": "Lithuania", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2960313", "label": "Luxembourg", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2562770", "label": "Malta", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-3194884", "label": "Montenegro", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2750405", "label": "Netherlands", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-718075", "label": "North Macedonia", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-3144096", "label": "Norway", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EFTA4", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-798544", "label": "Poland", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2264397", "label": "Portugal", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-798549", "label": "Romania", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-6290252", "label": "Serbia", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-3057568", "label": "Slovakia", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-3190538", "label": "Slovenia", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2510769", "label": "Spain", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2661886", "label": "Sweden", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2658434", "label": "Switzerland", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EFTA4", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-298795", "label": "Turkey", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "Pan-Europe" ] }, { "value": "geo-2635167", "label": "United Kingdom", "group": [ "EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe" ] } ] }
Publisher European Environment Agency
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