Diversion of waste from landfill in Europe

A key goal of European Union waste policy is to cut the amount of waste sent to landfill. Europe's overall landfill rate has decreased from 23% to 17% between 2010 and 2022. However, the total amount of waste generated has continued to increase. Landfilled waste quantities in 2022 were 21% lower in the same period, equivalent to 306kg of waste per year by each EU citizen in 2022. For some waste streams, such as (mixed) household and similar waste, relatively good progress has been made towards diverting waste from landfill. However, the amount of sorting residues sent to landfill has doubled since 2010.

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Metadata
DPSIR Response
Typology Efficiency indicator (Type C - Are we improving?)
UN SDGs SDG15: Life on land
Topics Waste and recycling, Circular economy, Resource use and materials
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Workflow
Content responsible Head of Group Daniel Montalvo
Layout
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Between 2010 and 2022, nearly all countries (except for Serbia and for Germany that landfills very small quantities of waste) reduced their reliance on landfill. Most significant reductions were achieved by Lithuania, Estonia, Slovenia, Latvia and Finland, which reduced landfilling by more than 40%. However, some countries made very limited progress.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "Landfill rates for municipal waste, a key waste stream and target of waste policies, " }, { "children": [ { "text": "vary strongly" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": " between European countries. Between 2010 and 2022, nearly all countries (except for Serbia and for Germany that landfills very small quantities of waste) reduced their reliance on landfill. Most significant reductions were achieved by Lithuania, Estonia, Slovenia, Latvia and Finland, which reduced landfilling by more than 40%. However, some countries made very limited progress. " } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "2e1c1681-4c70-4911-88bb-1ce3a08b3d0f": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "In 2022, nine Member States and two non-EU countries achieved this level (Belgium, Finland, Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, Austria, Luxembourg, Slovenia, Switzerland and Norway). Several of these countries incinerated a considerable amount of municipal waste. Notably, the current data available were not collected in accordance with the reporting rules related to the target, thus, the data shown in this indicator cannot be used to show compliance with the target. ", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "In 2022, nine Member States and two non-EU countries achieved this level (Belgium, Finland, Sweden, Germany, the Netherlands, Denmark, Austria, Luxembourg, Slovenia, Switzerland and Norway). Several of these countries incinerated a considerable amount of municipal waste. Notably, the current data available were not collected in accordance with the reporting rules related to the target, thus, the data shown in this indicator cannot be used to show compliance with the target. " }, { "children": [ { "text": "" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "u" }, { "text": "" } ], "type": "b" }, { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "322a59d0-d8d7-4f19-a1d1-543b2e56498e": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "Policies proven successful in reducing landfilling include landfill bans and taxes, and incentives for recycling and recycling infrastructure. In line with the EU Landfill Directive , Member States must reduce the amount of municipal waste sent to landfill to 10% or less of the total amount of municipal waste generated by 2035.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "Policies proven successful in reducing landfilling include landfill bans and taxes, and incentives for recycling and recycling infrastructure. In line with the EU Landfill Directive" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "data": { "footnote": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; \">\n <div class=\"csl-entry\">EU, 2018, Directive (EU) 2018/850 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste, OJ L 150, 14.6.2018, p. 100-108., 32018L0850</div>\n</div>\n", "footnoteTitle": "EU, Directive (EU) 2018/850 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste", "uid": "6eMGA", "zoteroId": "FG8MBLZJ" }, "type": "zotero" }, { "text": ", Member States must reduce the amount of municipal waste sent to landfill to 10% or less of the total amount of municipal waste generated by 2035. " } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "d3d49723-14e5-4663-b346-37ee3572f28d": { "@type": "slate", "fixed": true, "instructions": { "content-type": "text/html", "data": "<p><br/></p>", "encoding": "utf8" }, "plaintext": "", "readOnlySettings": true, "required": true, "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "dc5420c7-431b-4996-b2bc-adb88ef5c026": { "@type": "group", "className": "figure-metadata", "id": "figure-metadata-02ba4a04-fcfe-4968-806f-1dac3119cfef", "data": { "blocks": { "a0a93047-f18d-40fb-bd03-92175e5050f4": { "@type": "slate", "value": [ { "type": "h3-light", "children": [ { "text": "Figure 2. Municipal waste landfill rates in Europe by country" } ] } ], "plaintext": "Figure 2. Municipal waste landfill rates in Europe by country" } }, "blocks_layout": { "items": [ "a0a93047-f18d-40fb-bd03-92175e5050f4" ] } }, "styles": {} }, "43df8fab-b278-4b0e-a62c-ce6b8e0a881e": { "@type": "dividerBlock", "section": false, "short": true, "disableNewBlocks": true, "fixed": true, "hidden": true, "readOnly": true, "required": true, "spacing": "m", "fitted": false } }, "blocks_layout": { "items": [ "dc5420c7-431b-4996-b2bc-adb88ef5c026", "02ba4a04-fcfe-4968-806f-1dac3119cfef", "43df8fab-b278-4b0e-a62c-ce6b8e0a881e", "06bbe9b8-0167-4f81-a62a-cab79fec3d4f", "322a59d0-d8d7-4f19-a1d1-543b2e56498e", "2e1c1681-4c70-4911-88bb-1ce3a08b3d0f" ] } }, "disableInnerButtons": true, "disableNewBlocks": false, "fixed": true, "ignoreSpaces": true, "instructions": { "content-type": "text/html", "data": "<ol keys=\"9bbul,b1sa2,171og,1c1t5\" depth=\"0\"><li>Depending on the indicator context, this text can provide information at country level or, if this is not relevant, at some other level, e.g. sectoral, regional level.</li><li>This text interprets the data represented in the chart, rather than describing results, i.e. it provides explanations for some of the results.</li><li>The text related to progress at this level does not have to be comprehensive.</li><li>If there is no information that adds value to what is already visible there is no need to have any text.</li></ol>", "encoding": "utf8" }, "maxChars": "1000", "placeholder": "Disaggregate level assessment e.g. country, sectoral, regional level assessment", "readOnly": false, "readOnlySettings": true, "required": true, "title": "Disaggregate level assessment" }, "16bff1c0-49b3-419b-bfd0-f23461976f02": { "@layout": "1bc4379d-cddb-4120-84ad-5ab025533b12", "@type": "group", "allowedBlocks": [ "slate" ], "as": "section", "block": "3e3c83a9-6cf9-43fc-94dc-2f3a0f5b046d", "data": { "blocks": { "559f602a-b4b7-4a72-bae8-c9eb6373c218": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "Between 2010 and 2022, the landfilling of household and similar waste decreased by 61% (44 million tonnes), combustion waste by 3% (1.3 million tonnes) and other waste by 28% (9.2 million tonnes). However, the landfilling of sorting residues increased by 107% (18.7 million tonnes). This increase hints to the expansion of the waste sorting sector, reflecting a gradual shift from landfilling to the material recovery of waste, therefore indicating higher recycling.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "Between 2010 and 2022, the landfilling of household and similar waste decreased by 61% (44 million tonnes), combustion waste by 3% (1.3 million tonnes) and other waste by 28% (9.2 million tonnes). However, the landfilling of sorting residues increased by 107% (18.7 million tonnes). This increase hints to the expansion of the waste sorting sector, reflecting a " }, { "children": [ { "text": "gradual shift" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": " from landfilling to the material recovery of waste, therefore indicating higher recycling. " } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "566b7081-f527-469e-8036-164695151c60": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "The overall landfill rate (waste sent to landfill as a proportion of waste generated) decreased from 23% to 17% during 2010 and 2022. The key waste categories landfilled are:", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "The " }, { "children": [ { "text": "overall landfill rate" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": " (waste sent to landfill as a proportion of waste generated) decreased from 23% to 17% during 2010 and 2022. The key waste categories landfilled are:" } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "680dbfb0-4473-4272-9a9a-4e39ec1b40db": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "household and similar waste (mixed municipal waste, waste from markets, bulky waste and waste similar to household waste produced by small businesses, office buildings and institutions); sorting residues (mainly secondary wastes from waste treatment facilities), and; combustion waste (e.g. waste from flue gas purification and slags and ashes from waste incineration).", "value": [ { "children": [ { "children": [ { "text": "household and similar waste (mixed municipal waste, waste from markets, bulky waste and waste similar to household waste produced by small businesses, office buildings and institutions);" } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "sorting residues (mainly secondary wastes from waste treatment facilities), and;" } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "combustion waste (e.g. waste from flue gas purification and slags and ashes from waste incineration). " } ], "type": "li" } ], "type": "ul" } ] }, "ae9c77c7-ac4b-4412-b0af-ad78fbf528c1": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "The EU\u2019s approach to waste management is based on the waste hierarchy , which prioritises the prevention of waste followed by preparation for reuse, recycling, other recovery and then disposal, including to landfill. This final option is the least desirable and should be used only if absolutely necessary.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "The EU\u2019s approach to waste management is based on the " }, { "children": [ { "text": "waste hierarchy" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": ", which prioritises the prevention of waste followed by preparation for reuse, recycling, other recovery and then disposal, including to landfill. This final option is the least desirable and should be used only if absolutely necessary. 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This poses challenges for waste management and potentially undermining the EU\u2019s objective of reducing its reliance on landfill. However, between 2010 and 2022, the total quantity of waste sent to landfill decreased by 21%, from 173 million tonnes to 137 million tonnes.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "For the EU overall, the " }, { "children": [ { "text": "generation of" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": " waste, excluding major mineral waste, has increased in recent years. This poses challenges for waste management and potentially undermining the EU\u2019s objective of reducing its reliance on landfill. However, between 2010 and 2022, the total quantity of waste sent to landfill" }, { "children": [ { "text": " decreased" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": " by 21%, from 173 million tonnes to 137 million tonnes." } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "deb7e84d-d2c8-4491-90fa-3dc65fe02143": { "@type": "slate", "fixed": true, "instructions": { "content-type": "text/html", "data": "<p><br/></p>", "encoding": "utf8" }, "plaintext": "", "readOnlySettings": true, "required": true, "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "dfb98c22-8120-4d48-9e48-a6fc25790f4f": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "Landfilling can pose risks to the environment and, despite technical measures such as bottom sealing, can reduce the quality of groundwater and surface water. A long-term goal of the EU is to transition to a circular economy that avoids generating waste and uses unavoidable waste as a resource wherever possible.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "Landfilling can pose " }, { "children": [ { "text": "risks" } ], "type": "strong" }, { "text": " to the environment and, despite technical measures such as bottom sealing, can reduce the quality of groundwater and surface water. A long-term goal of the EU is to transition to a " }, { "children": [ { "text": "circular economy" } ], "data": { "url": "https://environment.ec.europa.eu/strategy/circular-economy-action-plan_en" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": " that avoids generating waste and uses unavoidable waste as a resource wherever possible. " } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "fe4e0fce-db2b-4731-bedc-b672720386dd": { "@type": "slate", "plaintext": "All remaining waste categories were classified as other waste, which comprises chemical and medical waste, recyclable waste, equipment waste, animal and vegetal waste, mixed and undifferentiated materials, and common sludges.", "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "All remaining waste categories were classified as other waste, which comprises chemical and medical waste, recyclable waste, equipment waste, animal and vegetal waste, mixed and undifferentiated materials, and common sludges. " } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "674f7208-caa3-45d3-b743-cbe573017f59": { "@type": "group", "className": "figure-metadata", "id": "figure-metadata-b0279dde-1ceb-4137-a7f1-5ab7b46a782c", "data": { "blocks": { "1eb6fa3e-6738-4c55-a529-3be914f4e16a": { "@type": "slate", "value": [ { "type": "h3-light", "children": [ { "text": "Figure 1. Amounts and share of waste deposited in landfills, by type of waste category, EU-27" } ] } ], "plaintext": "Figure 1. Amounts and share of waste deposited in landfills, by type of waste category, EU-27" } }, "blocks_layout": { "items": [ "1eb6fa3e-6738-4c55-a529-3be914f4e16a" ] } }, "styles": {} }, "43df8fab-b278-4b0e-a62c-ce6b8e0a881d": { "@type": "dividerBlock", "section": false, "short": true, "disableNewBlocks": true, "fixed": true, "hidden": true, "readOnly": true, "required": true, "styles": {}, "spacing": "m", "fitted": false } }, "blocks_layout": { "items": [ "674f7208-caa3-45d3-b743-cbe573017f59", "b0279dde-1ceb-4137-a7f1-5ab7b46a782c", "43df8fab-b278-4b0e-a62c-ce6b8e0a881d", "ae9c77c7-ac4b-4412-b0af-ad78fbf528c1", "dfb98c22-8120-4d48-9e48-a6fc25790f4f", "ccf2cbd6-1126-4411-b9cb-535ace14902e", "566b7081-f527-469e-8036-164695151c60", "680dbfb0-4473-4272-9a9a-4e39ec1b40db", "fe4e0fce-db2b-4731-bedc-b672720386dd", "559f602a-b4b7-4a72-bae8-c9eb6373c218" ] } }, "disableInnerButtons": true, "disableNewBlocks": false, "fixed": true, "ignoreSpaces": true, "instructions": { "content-type": "text/html", "data": "<p><strong>Assessment text remains at</strong> <strong>the relevant</strong> <strong>aggregate level</strong> <strong>(i.e.</strong> <strong>global, EU, sectoral)</strong> <strong>and addresses the following: </strong></p><ol keys=\"dkvn8,e367c,f4lpb,9j981,7ai6k,3g3pd\" depth=\"0\"><li>Explains in one or two sentences on the environmental rationale of the indicator, i.e. why it matters to the environment that we see an increase/decrease in the value measured.</li><li>Explains in one or two sentences the associated policy objective, which can be either quantitative or directional. More information on the policy objective and related references will be included in the supporting information section. Where there is no policy objective associated with the indicator, i.e. where the indicator addresses an issue that is important for future policy formulation, this text should explain instead why this issue is important.</li><li>IF NECESSARY - Explains any mismatch between what the indicator tracks and what the policy objective/issue is.</li><li>Qualifies the historical trend (e.g. steady increase) and explains the key reasons (e.g. policies) behind it. If there is a quantitative target it explains if we are on track to meet it.</li><li>IF NECESSARY - Explains any recent changes to the trend and why.</li><li>IF NECESSARY - Describes what needs to happen to see adequate progress in future, for instance in order to remain on track to meet targets.</li></ol><p><strong>Please cite your work if</strong> <strong>necessary</strong> <strong>using the EEA citation style (i.e.</strong> <strong>EEA, 2020). A full reference list appears in the supporting information section.</strong></p>", "encoding": "utf8" }, "maxChars": "2000", "placeholder": "Aggregate level assessment e.g. progress at global, EU level..", "readOnlySettings": true, "required": true, "title": "Aggregate level assessment" }, "2dc79b22-b2c8-450a-8044-ef04bfd044cf": { "@type": "dividerBlock", "disableNewBlocks": true, "fixed": true, "hidden": true, "readOnly": true, "required": true, "section": false, "spacing": "m", "styles": {} }, "2ec8ba1c-769d-41fd-98c3-1e72b9c1d736": { "@type": "dividerBlock", "disableNewBlocks": true, "fixed": true, "hidden": true, "readOnly": true, "required": true, "section": false, "spacing": "m", "styles": {} }, "34b76437-7256-479f-bee7-51d7de0974b7": { "@layout": "794c9b24-5cd4-4b9f-a0cd-b796aadc86e8", "@type": "group", "allowedBlocks": [], "as": "section", "block": "34b76437-7256-479f-bee7-51d7de0974b7", "data": { "blocks": { "12d8c532-f7ad-43fe-ada7-330b2d7a7a39": { "@type": "slate", "disableNewBlocks": true, "fixed": true, "instructions": { "content-type": "text/html", "data": "<p><br/></p>", "encoding": "utf8" }, "plaintext": "Published: date \u2012 25min read", "readOnly": true, "readOnlySettings": true, "required": true, "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Published: " }, { "children": [ { "text": "date" } ], "data": { "id": "effective", "widget": "datetime" }, "type": "mention" }, { "text": " \u2012 25min read" } ], "type": "sup" }, { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" } ] }, "1c31c956-5086-476a-8694-9936cfa6c240": { "@type": "description", "disableNewBlocks": true, "fixed": true, "instructions": { "content-type": "text/html", "data": "<p>The summary tells the reader about the indicator trend over the examined period and whether or not it helps to achieve the associated policy objective, which can be either quantitative or directional.</p><p>In the absence of a policy objective, it explains whether the trend is in the right or wrong direction in relation to the issue examined.</p><p>If there has been an important change over the most recent period of the time series, e.g. over the last year, this is indicated too.</p><p>Furthermore, if there is a quantitative target, it also indicates whether we are on track to meet it and if not what are the reasons preventing that, e.g. socio-economic drivers, implementation gap etc.</p>", "encoding": "utf8" }, "placeholder": "Summary", "plaintext": "A key goal of European Union waste policy is to cut the amount of waste sent to landfill. Europe's overall landfill rate has decreased from 23% to 17% between 2010 and 2022. However, the total amount of waste generated has continued to increase. Landfilled waste quantities in 2022 were 21% lower in the same period, equivalent to 306kg of waste per year by each EU citizen in 2022. For some waste streams, such as (mixed) household and similar waste, relatively good progress has been made towards diverting waste from landfill. However, the amount of sorting residues sent to landfill has doubled since 2010.", "readOnlySettings": true, "required": true, "value": [ { "children": [ { "text": "A key goal of European Union waste policy is to cut the amount of waste sent to landfill. Europe's overall landfill rate has decreased from 23% to 17% between 2010 and 2022. However, the total amount of waste generated has continued to increase. Landfilled waste quantities in 2022 were 21% lower in the same period, equivalent to 306kg of waste per year by each EU citizen in 2022. 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Supporting information
Methodology [ { "children": [ { "text": "Methodology for indicator calculation" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Raw data for waste generation and treatment were retrieved from Eurostat. Eurostat aggregate data for the 27 EU Member States were used. Data on waste generation contain all NACE (statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community) activities and households. Frequency of data publishing is every two years (for waste generation) to every year (for municipal waste generation). Information on data set uncertainties can be found directly in the metadata and explanatory notes provided by Eurostat. Only official Eurostat data sets have been used." } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "The landfill rate is calculated as a percentage of municipal waste treated that is landfilled. Data is presented in descending order according to 2021 data values. Data for 2011 is shown instead of 2010 for Denmark. Data for 2019 is shown instead of 2021 for Greece. Data for 2020 is shown instead of 2021 for Ireland. No data was available for Liechtenstein. The horizontal line represents the target for the year 2035 according to the " }, { "children": [ { "text": "Landfill Directive (Directive 1999/31/EC, as amended by Directive (EU) 2018/850)" } ], "data": { "extra": [ { "footnote": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; \">\n <div class=\"csl-entry\">EU, 2018, Directive (EU) 2018/850 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste, OJ L 150, 14.6.2018, p. 100-108., 32018L0850</div>\n</div>\n", "footnoteTitle": "EU, Directive (EU) 2018/850 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste", "zoteroId": "FG8MBLZJ" } ], "footnote": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; \">\n <div class=\"csl-entry\">EU, 1999, Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste, OJ L 182, 16.07.1999, p. 1-19.</div>\n</div>\n", "footnoteTitle": "EU, Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste", "uid": "6vUEH", "zoteroId": "2NXZV7QE" }, "type": "zotero" }, { "text": "." } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Methodology for gap filling" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Data for 2011 is shown instead of 2010 for Denmark. Data for 2019 is shown instead of 2021 for Greece. Data for 2020 is shown instead of 2021 for Ireland. No data was available for Liechtenstein." } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Methodology references" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "text": "No methodology references available." } ], "type": "p" } ]
Data sources and providers { "readOnly": true, "data": [ { "@id": "f3d17a94-978b-47d5-9724-0afeaf2533a6", "link": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_wasmun/default/table?lang=en&category=env.env_was.env_wasst", "organisation": "Statistical Office of the European Union (EUROSTAT)", "title": "Municipal waste by waste management operations [env_wasmun]" }, { "@id": "1b41cc0b-6b13-453c-b268-54047fa87f2e", "link": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/env_wastrt/default/table?lang=en&category=env.env_was.env_wasgt", "organisation": "Statistical Office of the European Union (EUROSTAT)", "title": "Treatment of waste by waste category, hazardousness and waste management operations [env_wastrt]" } ] }
Definition [ { "children": [ { "text": "The two figures in this indicator provide information about the landfilling of waste. Figure 1 shows amounts and percentage values of waste deposited into landfills and waste landfill rate. Figure 2 shows waste landfill rates as percentage and by country. Data presented in the form of a bar chart are displayed as a comparison of the reference (2010) and the last available year." } ], "type": "p" } ]
Unit of measure [ { "children": [ { "text": "The unit used to indicate landfilling rates in all figures is percentage (%). In addition, in Fig. 1 the amount of waste landfilled is expressed in millions of tonnes." } ], "type": "p" } ]
Policy / environmental relevance [ { "children": [ { "text": "Justification for indicator selection" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "text": "No rationale has been identified for this indicator." } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Scientific references" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "children": [ { "text": "No rationale references available." } ], "type": "li" } ], "type": "ul" }, { "children": [ { "text": " " } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Context description" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "One of the characteristics of the linear economy system, which has predominated in recent decades, is a high level of resource consumption followed by a high level of waste generation (\u2018take-make-dispose\u2019 model). This economic model is based on increasing profits generated by the consumption of primary resources and increasing demand for short-cycle products. In 2015, 2018 and 2020, the European Commission adopted circular economy packages to make the transition to a stronger, circular economic model, where resources are used in a more sustainable way. The waste hierarchy serves to set priorities for national waste policies and gives the highest priority to waste prevention, followed by preparing for reuse, recycling, other methods of recovery and disposal. These priorities are highlighted by recent waste and resource efficiency policies and strategies at EU and national levels." } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Targets" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "text": "No targets have been specified." } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Related policy documents" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "children": [ { "text": "" }, { "children": [ { "text": "COM(2011) 571 final, Roadmap to a resource efficient Europe" } ], "data": { "url": "https://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2009_2014/documents/com/com_com%282011%290571_/com_com%282011%290571_en.pdf" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": ". COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN\u00a0PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL\u00a0COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS. Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe " } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" }, { "children": [ { "text": "COM(2020) 98 final, A new Circular Economy Action Plan For a cleaner and more competitive Europe" } ], "data": { "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM%253A2020%253A98%253AFIN" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": ". COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS A new Circular Economy Action Plan For a cleaner and more competitive Europe COM/2020/98 final" } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste" } ], "data": { "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%253A31999L0031" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": ". COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 1999/31/EC\u00a0 of 26 April 1999\u00a0 on the landfill of waste" } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Directive (EU) 2018/850 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste" } ], "data": { "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%2525253A32018L0850" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": ". Directive (EU) 2018/850 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 1999/31/EC on the landfill of waste" } ], "type": "li" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Directive (EU) 2018/851 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 2008/98/EC on waste" } ], "data": { "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.150.01.0109.01.ENG" }, "type": "link" }, { "text": ". Directive (EU) 2018/851 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 2008/98/EC on waste" } ], "type": "li" } ], "type": "ul" } ]
Frequency of dissemination 2
Accuracy and uncertainties [ { "children": [ { "text": "Methodology uncertainty" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "text": "No uncertainty has been identified." } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Data sets uncertainty" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "text": "No uncertainty has been specified." } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "" } ], "type": "p" }, { "children": [ { "text": "Rationale uncertainty" } ], "type": "h4" }, { "children": [ { "text": "No uncertainty has been specified." } ], "type": "p" } ]
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Short name diversion-of-waste-from-landfill
Versioning enabled yes
Contents
Municipal waste landfill rates in Europe by country

Cluster columns chart shows development in landfill rate of municipal waste in European countries in 2010 and 2022. Data is presented in descending order according to 2022 data values. Line chart represents EU landfill target for 2035.

Global impacts from EU countries' consumption in 2010 and 2022

The graph shows the level of aggregated environmental impacts associated with the consumption of each EU Member State, expressed in points per capita for the years 2010 and 2022, sorted from the country with the highest impacts to the country with the lowest impacts in 2022.