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Supporting information
Methodology
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"text": "Under Article 17 reporting, each Member State provides an assessment of all species of Community interest (habitats listed in Annexes II, IV and V) at national biogeographical level and supporting data, such as those on habitat surface area. EU regional assessments of conservation status are made by the EEA and its European Topic Centre on Biological Diversity (ETC/BD), based on data and assessments reported by Member States."
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Data sources and providers
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Definition
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"text": "The indicator illustrates the conservation status and trends of 1\u00a0389 species of Community interest listed in the Habitats Directive at EU and Member State level. Conservation status is shown as good, poor, bad or unknown. It is based on data collected under the reporting obligations of Article 17 of the EU Habitats Directive (Council Directive 92/43/EEC)."
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Unit of measure
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Policy / environmental relevance
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"text": "was also relevant for measuring progress towards several targets of the EU biodiversity strategy to 2020. It was crucial for measuring progress towards target 1 and contributed significantly to measuring progress towards target 3."
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"text": "CBD, 2020, \u2018Strategic plan for biodiversity 2011-2020, including Aichi Biodiversity Targets\u2019"
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],
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"data": {
"url": "https://www.cbd.int/sp/"
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"text": " Convention on Biological Diversity (https://www.cbd.int/sp/) accessed 18 February 2021. "
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"text": "EC, 2021a, \u2018Biodiversity strategy for 2030 - concrete actions\u2019"
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"type": "link",
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"url": "https://ec.europa.eu/environment/strategy/biodiversity-strategy-2030_en"
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"text": " European Commission (https://ec.europa.eu/environment/strategy/biodiversity-strategy-2030_en) accessed 18 February 2021. "
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"text": " European Commission (https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/biodiversity/strategy_2020/index_en.htm) accessed 18 February 2021. "
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"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/knowledge/rep_habitats/index_en.htm"
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"text": " European Commission (https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/knowledge/rep_habitats/index_en.htm) accessed 18 February 2021. "
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],
"type": "li"
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"text": "EEA, 2020b, \u2018EU nature targets\u2019"
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"text": " European Environment Agency (https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/biodiversity/state-of-nature-in-the-eu/eu-nature-targets) accessed 18 February 2021. "
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"text": "EEA, 2020c, \u2018Habitats and species: main pressures and threats\u2019"
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"url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/biodiversity/state-of-nature-in-the-eu/habitats-and-species-main-pressures"
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},
{
"text": "(https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/biodiversity/state-of-nature-in-the-eu/habitats-and-species-main-pressures) accessed 18 February 2021. "
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"text": " European Environment Agency (https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/biodiversity/state-of-nature-in-the-eu/messages-from-eu-member-state) accessed 18 February 2021. "
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{
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"text": "EEA, 2020e, \u2018Natura 2000 sites designated under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives\u2019"
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"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/sites-designated-under-the-eu-3/assessment"
}
},
{
"text": " European Environment Agency (https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/sites-designated-under-the-eu-3/assessment) accessed 18 February 2021. "
}
],
"type": "li"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "EEA, 2020f, State of nature in the EU - Results from reporting under the nature directives 2013-2018, "
}
],
"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/state-of-nature-in-the-eu-2020"
}
},
{
"text": "EEA Report No 10/2020, European Environment Agency (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/state-of-nature-in-the-eu-2020) accessed 26 October 2020. "
}
],
"type": "li"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "ETC/BD, 2020, State of nature in the EU Methodological paper:"
}
],
"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-bd/products/etc-bd-reports/etc-bd-technical-paper-2-2020-state-of-nature-in-the-eu-methodological-paper-methodologies-under-the-nature-directives-reporting-2013-2018-and-analysis-for-the-state-of-nature-2000"
}
},
{
"text": "Methodologies under the nature directives reporting 2013-2018 and analysis for the state of nature 2000, Technical Paper No 2/2020, European Environment Agency European Topic Centre on Biological Diversity (https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-bd/products/etc-bd-reports/etc-bd-technical-paper-2-2020-state-of-nature-in-the-eu-methodological-paper-methodologies-under-the-nature-directives-reporting-2013-2018-and-analysis-for-the-state-of-nature-2000) accessed 18 February 2021. "
}
],
"type": "li"
}
],
"type": "ul"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": " "
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Context description"
}
],
"type": "h4"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "The "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "EU biodiversity strategy for 2030"
}
],
"data": {
"footnote": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; \">\n <div class=\"csl-entry\">EC, 2021, 'Biodiversity strategy for 2030 — concrete actions', <i>European Commission</i> (https://ec.europa.eu/environment/strategy/biodiversity-strategy-2030_en) accessed February 18, 2021.</div>\n</div>\n",
"footnoteTitle": "EC, 2021, Biodiversity strategy for 2030 \u2014 concret",
"uid": "IUXgI",
"zoteroId": "A4HWFJFQ"
},
"type": "zotero"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://ec.europa.eu/environment/strategy/biodiversity-strategy-2030_en"
}
},
{
"text": " contains specific commitments and actions to be delivered by 2030. One of its main instruments is the EU nature restoration plan, which has several aims, including strengthening the EU legal framework for nature restoration, and requests that Member States ensure "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "no deterioration in conservation trends and status of all protected habitats and species by 2030"
}
],
"type": "b"
},
{
"text": "."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "The 233 protected habitats, as well as over 1\u00a0000 species, are targeted by designating Sites of Community Importance, which are part of the Natura 2000 network. For more information on the Natura 2000 network, see "
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "EEA (2020e)"
}
],
"data": {
"footnote": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; \">\n <div class=\"csl-entry\">EEA, 2020, 'Natura 2000 sites designated under the EU Habitats and Birds Directives', <i>European Environment Agency</i> (https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/sites-designated-under-the-eu-3/assessment) accessed February 18, 2021.</div>\n</div>\n",
"footnoteTitle": "EEA, 2020, Natura 2000 sites designated under the E",
"uid": "-a1Kl",
"zoteroId": "PU3TDAJX"
},
"type": "zotero"
},
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/sites-designated-under-the-eu-3/assessment"
}
},
{
"text": "."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Targets"
}
],
"type": "h4"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "EU Biodiversity strategy for 2030 \u2014 key commitments of the EU nature restoration plan by 2030: "
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "\n1. Legally binding EU nature restoration targets to be proposed in 2021, subject to an impact assessment. By 2030, significant areas of degraded and carbon-rich ecosystems are restored; habitats and species show no deterioration in conservation trends and status; and at least 30 % reach favourable conservation status or at least show a positive trend. \n2. The decline in pollinators is reversed. \n3. The risk and use of chemical pesticides is reduced by 50 % and the use of more hazardous pesticides is reduced by 50 %. \n4. At least 10 % of agricultural area is under high-diversity landscape features. \n5. At least 25 % of agricultural land is under organic farming management, and the uptake of agro-ecological practices is significantly increased. \n6. Three billion new trees are planted in the EU, in full respect of ecological principles. \n7. Significant progress has been made in the remediation of contaminated soil sites. \n8. At least 25 000 km of free-flowing rivers are restored. \n9. There is a 50 % reduction in the number of Red List species threatened by invasive alien species. \n10. The losses of nutrients from fertilisers are reduced by 50 %, resulting in the reduction of the use of fertilisers by at least 20 %. \n11. Cities with at least 20 000 inhabitants have an ambitious Urban Greening Plan. \n12. No chemical pesticides are used in sensitive areas such as EU urban green areas. \n13. The negative impacts on sensitive species and habitats, including on the seabed through fishing and extraction activities, are substantially reduced to achieve good environmental status. \n14. The by-catch of species is eliminated or reduced to a level that allows species recovery and conservation."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Related policy documents"
}
],
"type": "h4"
},
{
"children": [
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992"
}
],
"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CONSLEG:1992L0043:20070101:EN:PDF"
}
},
{
"text": ". Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora. "
}
],
"type": "li"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy"
}
],
"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52011DC0244"
}
},
{
"text": ". In the Communication: Our life insurance, our natural capital: an EU biodiversity strategy to 2020 (COM(2011) 244) the European Commission has adopted a new strategy to halt the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the EU by 2020. There are six main targets, and 20 actions to help Europe reach its goal. The six targets cover: - Full implementation of EU nature legislation to protect biodiversity - Better protection for ecosystems, and more use of green infrastructure - More sustainable agriculture and forestry - Better management of fish stocks - Tighter controls on invasive alien species - A bigger EU contribution to averting global biodiversity loss"
}
],
"type": "li"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030"
}
],
"type": "link",
"data": {
"url": "https://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/biodiversity/strategy/index_en.htm"
}
},
{
"text": ". The European Commission has adopted the new\u00a0 EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 and an associated Action Plan (annex) \u00a0- a comprehensive, ambitious, long-term plan for protecting nature and reversing the degradation of ecosystems. It aims to put Europe's biodiversity on a path to recovery by 2030 with benefits for people, the climate and the planet. It aims to build our societies\u2019 resilience to future threats such as climate\u00a0change\u00a0impacts, forest fires, food insecurity or disease outbreaks, including by\u00a0protecting\u00a0wildlife and\u00a0fighting\u00a0illegal wildlife trade. A core part of the\u00a0 European Green Deal , the Biodiversity Strategy will also support a green recovery following the COVID-19 pandemic. "
}
],
"type": "li"
}
],
"type": "ul"
}
]
Frequency of dissemination
5
Accuracy and uncertainties
[
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Methodology uncertainty"
}
],
"type": "h4"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Further streamlining and harmonisation of methodologies used by Member States are needed at EU level to reduce the differences that make aggregation and interpretation of data at the EU level difficult. The quality of the data reported (often based on simple expert judgement) also indicates that Member States need to further develop or complement their inventories and monitoring schemes."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Data sets uncertainty"
}
],
"type": "h4"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Quality and availability of information from Member States impacts the quality of the EU assessment of status and trends."
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": ""
}
],
"type": "p"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "Rationale uncertainty"
}
],
"type": "h4"
},
{
"children": [
{
"text": "No rationale uncertainty has been specified."
}
],
"type": "p"
}
]
