Median greenhouse gas emissions and land-use requirements of selected food products

Values represent median life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions and land-use requirements per kilogram of food product based on global production data compiled by Poore and Nemecek (2018). Estimates account for impacts across food supply chains, including land-use change, feed production, farming, processing, transport and retail. Median values are used to reflect typical production systems and reduce the influence of extreme outliers. Greenhouse gas emissions are expressed in kg CO₂-equivalent per kilogram of product (kgCO₂e/kg), while land use is expressed as square metre-years per kilogram of product (m²/year/kg).