Risk of eutrophication measured as exceedance of critical loads of nitrogen deposition in Europe, in 2023

Excess amounts of nitrogen deposited in terrestrial ecosystems causes harmful eutrophication when so-called critical loads are exceeded. This map illustrates the risk of eutrophication measured as exceedance of critical loads of nitrogen deposition in Europe. The main sources of atmospheric nitrogen deposition are nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from combustion processes and ammonia (NH3) emissions from agriculture.