Table 1. Percentage emission reductions required by EU Member States to meet their emission reduction commitments for 2020-2029

1. The reductions required are compared to 2022 levels.

 
2. This information is based on data provided by Member States, not yet verified by the European Commission. The numbers are subject to change in relation to the results of the NEC Directive inventory review. 

3. The NEC Directive (Article 5(1)) establishes a process that allows Member States to adjust their emission inventories downwards for compliance checking. This can happen when failure to comply with the national emission reduction commitments is due to Member States having applied improved emission inventory methods, which have been updated in accordance with scientific knowledge developed since the reduction commitments were originally set. In 2024, two Member States submitted flexibility applications for an inventory adjustment (Ireland in relation to NMVOC, Czechia in relation to NH3). One Member State (Lithuania in relation to NH3) submitted a flexibility application under Article 5(3) of the NEC Directive which allows, under certain conditions, to compensate non-compliance with an emission reduction commitment by an equivalent emission reduction of another main pollutant. This assessment only takes into account the application by Ireland, given that it is a resubmission of a previously approved application.