Data and maps

Policies to reduce air pollution have led to improved air quality in Europe over the last three decades. However, in some European cities air pollution still poses risks to health. You can use the European city air viewer to check how the air quality was in your city over the past two years and to compare it with air quality in other cities across Europe.

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Industrial releases of air pollutants that are damaging to human health and the environment decreased between 2010 and 2019 in Europe, with emissions of greenhouse gases (e.g. CO 2 and sulphur oxides) and other pollutants (e.g. nitrogen oxides, dust and heavy metals) all declining significantly. The value that industry generated for the European economy during this period increased, however, in line with the goal of the EU industrial strategy: to support the competitiveness of European industry while driving a reduction in emissions, the use of natural resources and the production of waste.

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The table shows the changes in pollutant releases in EU-27 Member States from 2010 to 2019. Croatia reported data from 2014, therefore the comparison is made against 2014 emissions. Due to a lack in reporting, some gap filling has been made for the following countries: Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Portugal with 2017 data, Italy and the Netherlands with 2018 data. Due to questionable quality for some data reported on CO2 and NOx emissions from France in 2019, some data points have been replaced by 2018 comparable values until a correction is provided; NOx emissions from the Netherlands have been replaced by 2017 data due to questionable reporting until a correction is made.

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This figure shows the trends in pollutant releases into air in the EU-27 from 2010 to 2019, using 2010 release values as a reference. In addition, gross value added (GVA) from the industry sector is presented. GVA, gross value added; NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compound; NOx, nitrogen oxides; PM10, particulate matter with a diameter of less than 10 μm; SOx, sulphur oxides. EU-27 Member States as of 2021. The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) does not contain data for Turkey, which is not covered by the E-PRTR Regulation. GVA is used as a proxy for the economic activity of industry in Europe, accounting for inflation, based on 2010 values.

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These maps show the relative change in 10-year river water deficit under the 95th percentile for two greenhouse gas emissions scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5)

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The greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensity of power generation is falling across the EU. Climate mitigation and energy policies and legislation addressing air pollutant emissions from industrial installations support decarbonisation via a gradual switch to renewable or to less carbon-intensive fossil fuels and by improving the efficiency of transformation processes in the sector. By 2019, the GHG emission intensity of electricity generation had halved compared with 1990. If the declining trend of the past decade continued, EU electricity generation would fully decarbonise by 2050. To accomplish this, meet the EU GHG emission reductions targets for 2030 of 55% below 1990 levels and reach climate neutrality by 2050, additional polices and measures are needed.

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The map provides an overview of the extent of urban areas at higher risk of being directly affected by forest fires (burning down) under current conditions.

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The European inventory of nationally designated protected areas holds information about designated areas and their designation types, which directly or indirectly create protected areas. This is version 19 and covers data reported until March 2021.

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The Regulation (EU) No 2019/631 (and before that Regulation (EU) No 510/2011) requires Member States to record information for each new van registered in its territory. Every year, each Member State shall submit to the Commission all the information related to their new registrations. In particular, the following details are required for each new van registered: manufacturer name, type approval number, type, variant, version, make and commercial name, specific emissions of CO2, mass of the vehicle, wheel base, track width, fuel type and fuel mode. Additional information, such as engine power and engine capacity were also submitted. Data for EU-28 are reported in the main database. Since 2018 Iceland and since 2019 Norway are also included in the database.

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We all want to know the quality of 'our' local bathing area, beach or lake, and whether it conforms to EU standards. Below you will find a map viewer that will allow you to view on-line the quality of the bathing water in the more than 22 000 coastal beaches and freshwater bathing waters across Europe.

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The map reflects the most recent available information at the EU-level on implementation of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD) in EU 28 plus Iceland based on data reported by the Member States (for reference year 2018) in 2020.

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Industrial releases of air pollutants that are damaging to human health and the environment decreased between 2010 and 2019 in Europe, with emissions of greenhouse gases (e.g. CO 2 and sulphur oxides) and other pollutants (e.g. nitrogen oxides, dust and heavy metals) all declining significantly. The value that industry generated for the European economy during this period increased, however, in line with the goal of the EU industrial strategy: to support the competitiveness of European industry while driving a reduction in emissions, the use of natural resources and the production of waste.

Read more

The greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensity of power generation is falling across the EU. Climate mitigation and energy policies and legislation addressing air pollutant emissions from industrial installations support decarbonisation via a gradual switch to renewable or to less carbon-intensive fossil fuels and by improving the efficiency of transformation processes in the sector. By 2019, the GHG emission intensity of electricity generation had halved compared with 1990. If the declining trend of the past decade continued, EU electricity generation would fully decarbonise by 2050. To accomplish this, meet the EU GHG emission reductions targets for 2030 of 55% below 1990 levels and reach climate neutrality by 2050, additional polices and measures are needed.

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Between 2004 and 2019, emissions from large combustion plants in the EU decreased: SO 2 by 89%, nitrogen oxides by 60% and dust by 88%. Declines in emissions and improvements in environmental performance were largely driven by European policy, which sets legally binding emission limit values. The amount of fossil fuels used decreased by 23%, as energy production shifts to climate-friendly sources. Stricter emission limit values and policies aimed at increasing the use of renewable or cleaner fuels are expected to drive further declines in combustion plant emissions in coming years.

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Policies to reduce air pollution have led to improved air quality in Europe over the last three decades. However, in some European cities air pollution still poses risks to health. You can use the European city air viewer to check how the air quality was in your city over the past two years and to compare it with air quality in other cities across Europe.

Read more

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We all want to know the quality of 'our' local bathing area, beach or lake, and whether it conforms to EU standards. Below you will find a map viewer that will allow you to view on-line the quality of the bathing water in the more than 22 000 coastal beaches and freshwater bathing waters across Europe.

Read more

The map reflects the most recent available information at the EU-level on implementation of the Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD) in EU 28 plus Iceland based on data reported by the Member States (for reference year 2018) in 2020.

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The WISE Water Framework Directive Quality Elements map contains information from the 2nd River Basin Management Plans (RBMPs) reported by EU Members States and Norway according to article 13 of the Water Framework Directive (WFD). The map shows the ecological status or potential of surface water bodies based on their quality elements status value. The following quality elements are presented: QE1 - Biological quality elements; QE1-1 - Phytoplankton; QE1-2 - Other aquatic flora QE1-2-1 - Macroalgae; QE1-2-2 - Angiosperms; QE1-2-3 - Macrophytes; QE1-2-4 - Phytobenthos; QE1-3 - Benthic invertebrates; QE1-4 - Fish; QE2 - Hydromorphological quality elements; QE2-1 - Hydrological or tidal regime; QE2-2 - River continuity conditions; QE2-3 - Morphological conditions; QE3 - Chemical and physico-chemical quality elements; QE3-1 - General parameters; QE3-1-1 - Transparency conditions; QE3-1-2 - Thermal conditions; QE3-1-3 - Oxygenation conditions; QE3-1-4 - Salinity conditions; QE3-1-5 - Acidification status; QE3-1-6 - Nutrient conditions; QE3-1-6-1 - Nitrogen conditions; QE3-1-6-2 - Phosphorus conditions and QE3-3 - River Basin Specific Pollutants.

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These maps show the relative change in 10-year river water deficit under the 95th percentile for two greenhouse gas emissions scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5)

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The map provides an overview of the extent of urban areas at higher risk of being directly affected by forest fires (burning down) under current conditions.

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The maps show the long-term average soil moisture contents (left) and the trends in soil moisture values (right), aggregated by NUTS3 regions. Soil moisture is equal to 0 when the soil is severely dry (wilting point) and equal to 1 when the soil moisture is above the field capacity. Low long-term average soil moisture values indicate areas where during the 2000-2019 period the soil moisture deficit was the biggest problem. Trends are expressed in standard deviation from the long term average. Negative trends indicate that soil moisture values show a decreasing tendency during the 2000-2019 period. Areas with lower soil moisture content together with decreasing tendency in the soil moisture are in risk of loosing their land functions of supplying ecosystem services. See also: https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/data-viewers/soil-moisture and Original dataset: https://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu/documents/factsheets/factsheet_soilmoisture.pdf

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This figure shows the trends in pollutant releases into air in the EU-27 from 2010 to 2019, using 2010 release values as a reference. In addition, gross value added (GVA) from the industry sector is presented. GVA, gross value added; NMVOC, non-methane volatile organic compound; NOx, nitrogen oxides; PM10, particulate matter with a diameter of less than 10 μm; SOx, sulphur oxides. EU-27 Member States as of 2021. The European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) does not contain data for Turkey, which is not covered by the E-PRTR Regulation. GVA is used as a proxy for the economic activity of industry in Europe, accounting for inflation, based on 2010 values.

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The table shows the changes in pollutant releases in EU-27 Member States from 2010 to 2019. Croatia reported data from 2014, therefore the comparison is made against 2014 emissions. Due to a lack in reporting, some gap filling has been made for the following countries: Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Portugal with 2017 data, Italy and the Netherlands with 2018 data. Due to questionable quality for some data reported on CO2 and NOx emissions from France in 2019, some data points have been replaced by 2018 comparable values until a correction is provided; NOx emissions from the Netherlands have been replaced by 2017 data due to questionable reporting until a correction is made.

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Reduction of emissions from large combustion plants since 2004, the first year with reported data, across the three reportable pollutants under the Directive on Large Combustion Plants and its successor, the Directive on industrial emissions. Data are for large combustion plants covered by the Large Combustion Plants Directive (until 2015) and the Industrial Emissions Directive (as from 2016). Data from Croatia are only available as of 2009, while its influence in the overall EU-27 numbers is negligible. Data as of 2016 include a small number of additional plants, due to changes in the scope of reporting, so emissions are not fully comparable before and after 2016. Data were processed to remove outliers and gap-fill missing data.

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