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Trend in EU mercury emissions to air 1990 2016

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Across the EEA-33 countries, emissions of lead decreased by 93 %, mercury by 71 % and cadmium by 64 % between 1990 and 2016. The majority of the decrease in lead emissions occurred by 2004 mainly as a result of the phase out of leaded petrol across Europe. The largest emission source presently is 'Energy use in industry', contributing around one-third of total emissions. Since 1990 the two sectors contributing most to the decrease in mercury emissions are 'Energy use in industry' and 'Industrial processes and product use'.

Changes in polychlorinated biphenyl emissions

Data Visualization 16 Oct 2018

Persistent organic pollutant emissions

Indicator Assessment 16 Oct 2018

Emissions of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) decreased between 1990 and 2016 in the EEA-33, e.g. hexachlorobenzene (HCB) by 95 %, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by 75 %, dioxins and furans by around 70 % and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by 83 %. Although the majority of countries report that POP emissions fell during this period, some report that emissions increased. In 2016, the most significant sources of emissions for these POPs included the ‘Commercial, institutional and households’ (23 % of HCB, 26 % of dioxins and furans, 36 % of PAHs and 16 % of PCBs) and ‘Industrial processes and product use’ (41 % of HCB, 65 % of PCBs and 40 % of PAHs) sectors.

Water exploitation index plus (WEI+) for river basin districts (1990-2015)

GIS Map Application 10 Oct 2018

This interactive map gives a European overview of water stress conditions. The information presented may deviate from that available in the EEA member countries and cooperating countries, particularly for those countries where data availability is insufficient in the WISE SoE – Water quantity database (WISE 3). Data on hydro-climatic variables was aggregated from a daily to a monthly scale. Water abstraction data was taken from WISE 3 (annual resolution at the national scale), although there are large gaps in the time series. Therefore, intensive gap filling was performed on water abstraction data and proxies were used to disaggregate the data from the national to the sub-basin scale. Information on water use was mainly modelled on the UWWTP capacities, the E-PRTR database and the Eurostat Population change dataset (online data code [demo_gind]) among others. See the methodology chapter for further explanation of gap filling, and spatial and temporal disaggregation, and the data uncertainties chapter for current data availability. This interactive map allows users to explore changes over time in water abstraction by source, water use by sector and water stress level at sub-basin or river basin scale. The WEI+ has been estimated as the quarterly average per river basin district, for the years 1990-2015, as defined in the European catchments and rivers network system (ECRINS). The ECRINS delineation of river basin districts differs slightly from that defined by Member States under the Water Framework Directive. The Ecrins delineation is used instead of WFD because it contains geo-spatial information on Europe’s hydrographical systems with full topological information enabling flow estimation between upstream and downstream basins, as well as integration of economic data collected at NUTS or country level. In addition to using e WISE SoE – Water quantity database, a comprehensive manual data collection was performed by accessing all open sources (Eurostat, OECD, FAO) including national statistical offices of the countries. This was done because of the temporal and spatial gaps in the data on water abstraction. Moreover, a large part of the stream flow data from LISFLOOD has also been substantially updated by the Directorate-General Joint Research Centre. Similarly, a comprehensive update with climatic parameters has been performed by the EEA based on the E-OBS dataset. Therefore, the time series of the WEI+ presented in the current version might be slightly different for some basins compared with the previous version.

Rural concentration of the ozone indicator AOT40 for crops, 2015

Figure 02 Oct 2018

Accumulated ozone exposure values for crops — over a threshold of 40 parts per billion (AOT40c) — for 2015, as calculated for the fusion maps and as measured at rural background stations.

Rural concentration of the ozone indicator AOT40 for forest, 2015

Figure 02 Oct 2018

Accumulated ozone exposure values for forest — over a threshold of 40 parts per billion (AOT40f) — for 2015, as calculated for the fusion maps and as measured at rural background stations.

WISE WFD reference spatial data sets

Data 02 Oct 2018

The Water Framework Directive (WFD) reference spatial data sets include information about European river basin districts, river basin district sub-units, surface water bodies, groundwater bodies and monitoring sites used in the first and second River Basin Management Plans (RBMP). The data sets are part of the Water Information System for Europe (WISE), and compile information reported by the EU Member States and Norway to the European Commission (EC) and the European Environment Agency (EEA) since 2010.

Reported data on large combustion plants covered by the Industrial Emissions Directive (2010/75/EU)

Data 01 Oct 2018

The European Union established an inventory of emissions from large combustion plants in 2004. The inventory was governed by the Directive on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants (LCP Directive, 2001/80/EC) until 2015 year. As from 2016 reporting year, the reporting takes place according to the Industrial Emissions Directive (2010/75/EU, Article 72). Large Combustion Plants are those with a rated thermal input equal to or greater than 50 MW, irrespective of the type of fuel used. Power plants, steel works or district heating plants are examples of these type of plants.

Trend in EU mercury emissions to air 1990 2016

Infographic 28 Sep 2018

Examples of individual actions to minimise exposure to and release of mercury

Infographic 28 Sep 2018

Up-to-date air quality data

GIS Map Application 01 Aug 2018

Latest measurements from Europe's air quality monitoring network

EU Member State progress in meeting 2010 NEC Directive emission ceilings and 2020/2030 reduction commitments

Figure 14 Jun 2018

'Black check mark' indicates that the emission ceiling or reduction commitment has been, or is anticipated to be, attained. The NEC Directive does not include a 2010 ceiling for PM2.5. ‘Red cross’ indicates that the ceiling or reduction commitment has not been, or is not anticipated to be, attained.

Distribution of marine litter by material type

Figure 07 Jun 2018

The illustration shows the distribution of marine litter reported by the public and where they were found

Changes in mercury emissions

Heavy metal emissions Across the EEA-33 countries, emissions of lead decreased by 93 %, mercury by 71 % and cadmium by 64 % between 1990 and 2016. The majority of the decrease in lead emissions occurred by 2004 mainly as a result of the phase out of leaded petrol across Europe. The largest emission source presently is 'Energy use in industry', contributing around one-third of total emissions. Since 1990 the two sectors contributing most to the decrease in mercury emissions are 'Energy use in industry' and 'Industrial processes and product use'.

Changes in polychlorinated biphenyl emissions

Persistent organic pollutant emissions Emissions of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) decreased between 1990 and 2016 in the EEA-33, e.g. hexachlorobenzene (HCB) by 95 %, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) by 75 %, dioxins and furans by around 70 % and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by 83 %. Although the majority of countries report that POP emissions fell during this period, some report that emissions increased. In 2016, the most significant sources of emissions for these POPs included the ‘Commercial, institutional and households’ (23 % of HCB, 26 % of dioxins and furans, 36 % of PAHs and 16 % of PCBs) and ‘Industrial processes and product use’ (41 % of HCB, 65 % of PCBs and 40 % of PAHs) sectors.

Water exploitation index plus (WEI+) for river basin districts (1990-2015) This interactive map gives a European overview of water stress conditions. The information presented may deviate from that available in the EEA member countries and cooperating countries, particularly for those countries where data availability is insufficient in the WISE SoE – Water quantity database (WISE 3). Data on hydro-climatic variables was aggregated from a daily to a monthly scale. Water abstraction data was taken from WISE 3 (annual resolution at the national scale), although there are large gaps in the time series. Therefore, intensive gap filling was performed on water abstraction data and proxies were used to disaggregate the data from the national to the sub-basin scale. Information on water use was mainly modelled on the UWWTP capacities, the E-PRTR database and the Eurostat Population change dataset (online data code [demo_gind]) among others. See the methodology chapter for further explanation of gap filling, and spatial and temporal disaggregation, and the data uncertainties chapter for current data availability. This interactive map allows users to explore changes over time in water abstraction by source, water use by sector and water stress level at sub-basin or river basin scale. The WEI+ has been estimated as the quarterly average per river basin district, for the years 1990-2015, as defined in the European catchments and rivers network system (ECRINS). The ECRINS delineation of river basin districts differs slightly from that defined by Member States under the Water Framework Directive. The Ecrins delineation is used instead of WFD because it contains geo-spatial information on Europe’s hydrographical systems with full topological information enabling flow estimation between upstream and downstream basins, as well as integration of economic data collected at NUTS or country level. In addition to using e WISE SoE – Water quantity database, a comprehensive manual data collection was performed by accessing all open sources (Eurostat, OECD, FAO) including national statistical offices of the countries. This was done because of the temporal and spatial gaps in the data on water abstraction. Moreover, a large part of the stream flow data from LISFLOOD has also been substantially updated by the Directorate-General Joint Research Centre. Similarly, a comprehensive update with climatic parameters has been performed by the EEA based on the E-OBS dataset. Therefore, the time series of the WEI+ presented in the current version might be slightly different for some basins compared with the previous version.

Rural concentration of the ozone indicator AOT40 for crops, 2015 Accumulated ozone exposure values for crops — over a threshold of 40 parts per billion (AOT40c) — for 2015, as calculated for the fusion maps and as measured at rural background stations.

Rural concentration of the ozone indicator AOT40 for forest, 2015 Accumulated ozone exposure values for forest — over a threshold of 40 parts per billion (AOT40f) — for 2015, as calculated for the fusion maps and as measured at rural background stations.

WISE WFD reference spatial data sets The Water Framework Directive (WFD) reference spatial data sets include information about European river basin districts, river basin district sub-units, surface water bodies, groundwater bodies and monitoring sites used in the first and second River Basin Management Plans (RBMP). The data sets are part of the Water Information System for Europe (WISE), and compile information reported by the EU Member States and Norway to the European Commission (EC) and the European Environment Agency (EEA) since 2010.

Reported data on large combustion plants covered by the Industrial Emissions Directive (2010/75/EU) The European Union established an inventory of emissions from large combustion plants in 2004. The inventory was governed by the Directive on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants into the air from large combustion plants (LCP Directive, 2001/80/EC) until 2015 year. As from 2016 reporting year, the reporting takes place according to the Industrial Emissions Directive (2010/75/EU, Article 72). Large Combustion Plants are those with a rated thermal input equal to or greater than 50 MW, irrespective of the type of fuel used. Power plants, steel works or district heating plants are examples of these type of plants.

Trend in EU mercury emissions to air 1990 2016

Examples of individual actions to minimise exposure to and release of mercury

Up-to-date air quality data Latest measurements from Europe's air quality monitoring network

EU Member State progress in meeting 2010 NEC Directive emission ceilings and 2020/2030 reduction commitments 'Black check mark' indicates that the emission ceiling or reduction commitment has been, or is anticipated to be, attained. The NEC Directive does not include a 2010 ceiling for PM2.5. ‘Red cross’ indicates that the ceiling or reduction commitment has not been, or is not anticipated to be, attained.

Distribution of marine litter by material type The illustration shows the distribution of marine litter reported by the public and where they were found

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WISE WFD reference spatial data sets

Data 02 Oct 2018

Reported data on large combustion plants covered by the Industrial Emissions Directive (2010/75/EU)

Data 01 Oct 2018

WISE EIONET spatial data sets

Data 27 Sep 2018

The European environment information and observation network (Eionet) spatial data sets include information about European river basin districts, river basin district sub-units, surface water bodies, groundwater bodies and monitoring sites. The data sets are part of the Water Information System for Europe (WISE), and compile information reported by the 39 EEA Member and cooperating countries to the European Environment Agency (EEA) since 2001. For the EEA Member countries and cooperating countries not reporting under WFD, the EIONET spatial data sets are the most up-to-date information available in WISE. The coverage is complete for Switzerland, and partial for the remaining countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Turkey, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Kosovo). For the 28 European Union Member States and Norway, the Water Framework Directive (WFD) reference spatial data sets are the most complete and up-to-date information available in WISE (only the EIONET monitoring sites and EIONET water bodies that could not be mapped to WFD spatial objects are included in the EIONET spatial data set).

Waterbase - Water Quality

Data 26 Sep 2018

Waterbase is the generic name given to the EEA's databases on the status and quality of Europe's rivers, lakes, groundwater bodies and transitional, coastal and marine waters, on the quantity of Europe's water resources, and on the emissions to surface waters from point and diffuse sources of pollution.

WISE EIONET spatial data sets The European environment information and observation network (Eionet) spatial data sets include information about European river basin districts, river basin district sub-units, surface water bodies, groundwater bodies and monitoring sites. The data sets are part of the Water Information System for Europe (WISE), and compile information reported by the 39 EEA Member and cooperating countries to the European Environment Agency (EEA) since 2001. For the EEA Member countries and cooperating countries not reporting under WFD, the EIONET spatial data sets are the most up-to-date information available in WISE. The coverage is complete for Switzerland, and partial for the remaining countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Turkey, Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Kosovo). For the 28 European Union Member States and Norway, the Water Framework Directive (WFD) reference spatial data sets are the most complete and up-to-date information available in WISE (only the EIONET monitoring sites and EIONET water bodies that could not be mapped to WFD spatial objects are included in the EIONET spatial data set).

Waterbase - Water Quality Waterbase is the generic name given to the EEA's databases on the status and quality of Europe's rivers, lakes, groundwater bodies and transitional, coastal and marine waters, on the quantity of Europe's water resources, and on the emissions to surface waters from point and diffuse sources of pollution.

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Trend in EU mercury emissions to air 1990 2016

Infographic 28 Sep 2018

Examples of individual actions to minimise exposure to and release of mercury

Infographic 28 Sep 2018

Trend in EU mercury emissions to air 1990 2016

Examples of individual actions to minimise exposure to and release of mercury

All Items

Filtered by

Heavy metal emissions

Indicator Assessment 16 Oct 2018

Persistent organic pollutant emissions

Indicator Assessment 16 Oct 2018

All Items

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Changes in mercury emissions

Data Visualization 16 Oct 2018

Changes in polychlorinated biphenyl emissions

Data Visualization 16 Oct 2018

Changes in mercury emissions

Changes in polychlorinated biphenyl emissions

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Water exploitation index plus (WEI+) for river basin districts (1990-2015)

GIS Map Application 10 Oct 2018

Up-to-date air quality data

GIS Map Application 01 Aug 2018

Latest measurements from Europe's air quality monitoring network

Up-to-date air quality data Latest measurements from Europe's air quality monitoring network

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Rural concentration of the ozone indicator AOT40 for forest, 2015

Figure 02 Oct 2018

Accumulated ozone exposure values for forest — over a threshold of 40 parts per billion (AOT40f) — for 2015, as calculated for the fusion maps and as measured at rural background stations.

Rural concentration of the ozone indicator AOT40 for crops, 2015

Figure 02 Oct 2018

Accumulated ozone exposure values for crops — over a threshold of 40 parts per billion (AOT40c) — for 2015, as calculated for the fusion maps and as measured at rural background stations.