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3.1. Summary on European scale of country-wise monitoring programmes
Based upon the national summaries in Appendix A and the network/site information in Appendix B, a summary is presented here on the monitoring practices in each country.
The summarised description/evaluation of the monitoring practices in each country is given in Table 3.2. and Table 3.3, for local and regional monitoring respectively.
Blank space in the tables reflect that specific data on the item was not available to the Topic centre.
The information in these tables is very brief. It is intended to provide the itemised, condensed information necessary to enable an overall summary evaluation to be made of the current monitoring practices, and to be evaluated against EU and national requirements.
An explanation of the codes in the tables is given in Table 3.1.
Countries are categorised as EU member states, countries of the European Economic Area (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway), and other countries. Within each category, the countries are listed alphabetically.
Tables 3.2 and 3.3 enables a European overview of the monitoring situation. To expand somewhat on the information, a condensed description for each country is given in the text following the tables (Section 3.2).
The summary tables show that the information available is fairly complete for many countries regarding monitoring coverage and methods. However, as far as data availability, reporting and site descriptions is concerned, the information which was available to the Topic Centre is lacking for most countries, making a full evaluation of the state on the European scale incomplete.
The state of the monitoring situation in Europe is evaluated in Chapter 4.
Table 3.1: Explanation of codes in Tables 3.2 and 3.3.
Compound group codes 1): |
Urban CSD 2) : Compounds of the EU Compound-Specific
Directives Regional SO2 +: S and N compounds in air, include. major ions
in SPM, Black smoke |
Spatial coverage: |
Urban/local No. of cities/No. of non-urban hot-spot areas Regional No. of sites |
Site category coverage: |
Urban/Local UG: Urban general Regional SO2 +: S and N in air, and Black smoke The tables give number of sites in each category. |
Temporal coverage: |
Year round Other |
Methods evaluation: |
1. Advanced 2. According to directives or equivalent 3. Non-standard |
Data availability: |
Non-validated data in
near real time nrt-a: Near real time (1h
data) in central database, accessible4) Validated data x-a: Available on data-file, accessible on
electronic medium, after (x) months |
Reporting: |
O3: Smog information
available to the public Other: After (x) months after calendar year |
Network/site description: |
Available Not available |
1) To categorise the compounds in Urban monitoring, codes are used which refer to the compounds which are listed in the various directives and EoI decision (CSD, FWD, EoI). For Regional monitoring, it is instead referred to the following monitoring categories: S and N compounds and BS in air (called SO2+), S and N compounds in deposition (called Dep), ozone (O3) and ozone precursors (O3-pre).
2) x in the tables means that all CSD components are covered.
3) In the tables are listed the compounds which are monitored.
4) Accessible: means accessible through data-lines to (selected) external users.
Table 3.2: Summary of monitoring practices,
local air pollution (urban, traffic, industrial).
(Codes/explanation to table). (Open space means
info not available).
EU Member states | Coverage |
Methods evaluation
|
Data availability | Reporting | Network description | ||||||||
Compounds | Spatia | Site category | Temporal | ||||||||||
CSD |
FWD |
EoI |
No. |
No. of non-urban hot-spots | UG/UT/UI/RI |
Non-validated 1h data | Validated
data 1 h/24 h |
O3 |
Other |
||||
Austria | X |
CO | VOC |
10 | 15 | 100/30 /20 /15 | Year round | 2 |
nrt-a |
1-a | Daily or several times a day | 1 | Available |
Belgium | X |
CO | VOC |
60 | 13 (ind.) | 1253)/30/13 | Year round | 2 |
|||||
Denmark | X4) |
CO Metals |
3 | 0 | 7 / 8 / 3 / 0 | Year round | 2 |
nrt-a |
Annually | ||||
Finland | X |
CO | 30 | 3 | 71 / 18 / 28/ 3 | Year round | 1, 2 |
4 | |||||
France | X |
CO | VOC |
~8752) | Year round | 2 |
"Annually" | ||||||
Germany | X |
CO Metals |
232/156/795) | Year round | 2 |
Monthly Annually |
|||||||
Greece | X(4) |
CO | 11 | 0 | Year round | 2 |
1-2 - / | 4-5 | |||||
Ireland | X |
15 | 45 / 25 / 10 / 1 | Year round | 21) |
||||||||
Italy6) | X |
CO | 41 7) | 129 8) | Year round | 2 |
|||||||
Luxembourg | X |
CO Metals |
VOC |
1 | 0 | 1 / 2 / 1 / 0 | Year round | 2 |
2 - / | 2 |
Table 3.2 (contd.)
(Codes/explanation
to table)
EU Member states | Coverage |
Methods evaluation
|
Data availability | Reporting | Network description | ||||||||
Compounds | Spatia | Site category | Temporal | ||||||||||
CSD |
FWD |
EoI |
No. |
No. of non-urban hot-spots | UG/UT/UI/RI |
Non-validated 1h data | Validated
data 1 h/24 h |
O3 |
Other |
||||
Netherlands | X |
CO Metals |
PAH |
9 | 0 | 7 / 13 / 0 / 0 | Year round | 2 |
nrt-a |
1.5-a/3-a | Every hour2) | 6 | Available |
Portugal | X |
CO | Acid. |
5 | 3 ind. areas | 6/15/6/53 | Year round | 2 |
|||||
Spain | X |
CO Metals |
VOC |
288/438/1671) | Year round | 2 |
Available | ||||||
Sweden | X |
BTX | VOC |
45 | 63 / 3 / | 6 winter months except: O3 and 21 NO2 sites: only summer |
1, 2, 3 |
"as soon as possible" | "Annually" |
||||
U.K. | X |
CO Metals |
PAH |
34 | 4 (ind.) | 45 / 2 / / 4 NO2 passive: 580/260/260/0 |
Year round | 2 |
nrt-a |
SO2 :3 - a Acid: 3-6 - a |
Twice a day | "Annual" |
Table 3.2 (contd.):
Countries of the European Economic Area | Coverage |
Methods evaluation
|
Data availability | Reporting | Network description | ||||||||
Compounds | Spatia | Site category | Temporal | ||||||||||
CSD |
FWD |
EoI |
No. |
No. of non-urban hot-spots | UG/UT/UI/RI |
Non-validated 1h data | Validated
data 1 h/24 h |
O3 |
Other |
||||
Iceland | SO2, NO2, O3 | CO, PM10 | 2 | 1 | 1 / 1 / 0 / 1 | Year round | 2 |
||||||
Liechtenstein | SO2, NO2, O3, TSP | CO | 1 | 0 | 1 / | Year round | 2 |
Included in Swiss report | |||||
Norway | NO2 O3 |
PM10 | VOC |
6 | 0 | 6 / 0 / 0 / 0 | Winter 6 months |
1,2 |
nrt-a | 1- a/2- a | |||
Other countries | |||||||||||||
Albania | SO2, NO2, O3, TSP | 11 | 0 | 231) | Year round2) | 3 |
|||||||
Bulgaria | SO2, NO2, Pb, TSP | CO, As | H2S |
1003) | Year round | 2, 3 |
|||||||
Croatia | SO2, NO2, BS, TSP | H2S |
8 | 624) | Year round | 2, 3 |
|||||||
Cyprus | X5) | CO | 1 | 0 | 0 / 2 / 0 / 0 | Year round | 2 |
nrt-a |
2-a | 12 | |||
Czech Republic | X | Metals PM10 |
6) | 6506) | Year round | 2 |
|||||||
Estonia | SO2, NO2, O3, TSP | CO BTX |
H2S |
9 | 8 / 2 / 6 | 2, 3 |
|||||||
Hungary | SO2, NO2, O3, TSP | CO | VOC |
397) | Year round | 3 | 12 | ||||||
Poland | X | CO | VOC |
8) | >5009)/33 (RI) | Year round | 2 |
||||||
Romania | SO2, NO2, O3 | CO | VOC |
15210) | 2, 3 |
11) |
1-2 | 6-12 |
1) One stationary and one
mobile site in each city. Not known how many urban background or hot-spot sites.
2) 7-10 days per month.
3) Covering large towns, industrial hot-spots, health resorts.
4) Covering towns and industrial basins.
5) Including PM10.
6) Total no. of sites: ~650 (urban + rural). The automatic network has 37 urban
sites and 37 rural/regional sites. The impression is that the networks cover all major
polluted areas, including industrial hot-spots. The extent of monitoring at traffic
hot-spots is not clear.
7) 8 sites in Budapest. Number of cities, and site classification, is unknown.
8) All cities with more than 20,000 inhabitants. In addition, at least 8 local
networks around local industries, with 33 sites.
9) Incl. possible traffic hot-spots sites.
10) Sites in local networks, incl. cities, towns and industrial areas. 25 sites in
Bucuresti.
11) Daily information to public through mass media may be given.
Table 3.2 (contd.)
(Codes/explanation to table)
Other countries | Coverage |
Methods evaluation
|
Data availability | Reporting | Network description | ||||||||
Compounds | Spatia | Site category | Temporal | ||||||||||
CSD |
FWD |
EoI |
No. |
No. of non-urban hot-spots | UG/UT/UI/RI |
Non-validated 1h data | Validated
data 1 h/24 h |
O3 |
Other |
||||
Slovakia | X |
CO | 17 | 7 | 14 / 6 / 10 / | Year round | 2 |
na |
1-a / | 8 | |||
Slovenia | X |
CO | 861) | Year round | 2 |
2) |
4-5 | Available | |||||
Switzerland | SO2, NO2, O3, TSP | CO | VOC |
55 / 31 / 12 / 3) | Year round | 2 |
7-8 |
Table 3.3: Summary of monitoring
practices, regional air pollution.
(Codes/explanation to table)
EU Member States | Coverage |
Methods evaluation
|
Data availability | Reporting | Network description | ||||||||
Compounds | Spatia | Site category | Temporal | ||||||||||
CSD |
FWD |
EoI |
No. |
No. of non-urban hot-spots | UG/UT/UI/RI |
Non-validated 1h data | Validated
data 1 h/24 h |
O3 |
Other |
||||
Austria | X |
X |
X |
X |
~55 |
55 / 35 / 55 | Year round | 2 |
nrt-a |
1-a | Daily or several times a day | 1 | Available |
Belgium | X |
25 |
Year round | 2 |
|||||||||
Denmark | X |
X |
X |
17 |
6 / 17 / 3 | Year round | 2 |
Daily |
Annually | ||||
Finland | X |
X |
X |
22 |
8 / 7 / 9 | " | 2 |
9 - ? | 11 | ||||
France | X |
X |
X |
X |
28 |
17 / / 21 | " | 2 |
|||||
Germany | X |
X |
X |
X |
74 |
65(?) / / 57(?) | Year round | 2 |
AQ: 1-2 -a Precip.:>6 -a |
||||
Greece | X |
X |
1 |
1 / 1 / 0 | Year round | 2 |
1-2 - | 4-5 | |||||
Ireland | X |
X |
12 |
7 / / 5 | Year round | 21) |
|||||||
Italy5) | X |
X |
X |
X |
3 |
3 / 3 / 2 | Year round | 2 |
6) | ||||
Luxembourg | X |
X |
X |
2 |
1 / 0 / 1 | Year round | 2 |
2 - ? | 2 | ||||
the Netherlands | X |
X |
X |
X |
36 |
30 / 14 / 26 | Year round | 2 |
nrt-a |
1.5-a/3-a | Every hour | 6 | Available |
Portugal | X2) |
X |
X |
13 |
12 / 3 / 3 | Year round | 2 |
||||||
Spain | X |
X |
X |
X |
73) |
7 / 7 / 7 | Year round | 2 |
Available | ||||
Sweden | X |
X |
X |
X |
49 |
12 / 36 / 5 | Year round | 2 |
"as soon as possible" | ||||
U.K. | X |
X |
X |
X |
>38 |
38 / 32 / 15 | Year round | 2 |
nrt-a |
SO2 :3 -a Acid: 3-6 - a |
Twice a day | Annually |
Table 3.3 (contd.)
(Codes/explanation to table)
Countries of the European Economic Area | Coverage |
Methods evaluation
|
Data availability | Reporting | Network description | ||||||||
Compounds | Spatia | Site category | Temporal | ||||||||||
CSD |
FWD |
EoI |
No. |
No. of non-urban hot-spots | UG/UT/UI/RI |
Non-validated 1h data | Validated
data 1 h/24 h |
O3 |
Other |
||||
Iceland | X |
X |
1 | 1 / 1 / 0 | Year round | 2 |
|||||||
Liechtenstein | |||||||||||||
Norway | X |
X |
X |
39 | 12 / 34 / 15 | Year round | 2 |
O3 : nrt-a Other:2-na |
6-8 - a | 10-12 | |||
Other countries | |||||||||||||
Albania | |||||||||||||
Bulgaria | |||||||||||||
Croatia | X |
X |
1 | 1 / | Year round | 2, 3 | |||||||
Cyprus | X |
X |
X |
1 | 1 / 1 / 1 | Year round | 2 | nrt-a |
2-a | ||||
Czech Republic | X |
X |
X |
Total no. of sites (urban+reg.) ~650 2 EMEP sites | Year round | ||||||||
Estonia | X |
X |
X |
2 | 2 / 2 / 2 | 2 |
|||||||
Hungary | X |
X |
2 | 2 / 2 / | Year round | ||||||||
Poland | 111) | Year round | 2 |
||||||||||
Romania | SO2, NO2 |
X |
X |
5 (133 for precip.) | 4 / 133 / 4 | 2,3 |
6-12 | ||||||
Slovakia | X |
X |
X |
7 | 7 / 7 / 4 | Year round | 2 |
2-3 | 8 | ||||
Slovenia | X |
X |
? |
42) | 2 |
Available | |||||||
Switzerland | X |
X |
X |
X |
54 | Year round | 2 |
7-8 |
1) 6 GEMS, 4 EMEP, 1 HELCOM.
2) 3 EMEP and 1 GAW site.
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/92-9167-058-8/page005.html or scan the QR code.
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