Total greenhouse gas emissions (without LULUCF)

Türkiye is a country with an increasing energy demand due to its growing population and expanding economy. Over the past decade, the country’s population has grown by 11.4 %, while its gross domestic product has increased by 61.7 %. Alongside this growth, energy consumption has risen by 44 %, and emissions from the energy sector have increased by 41.7 %. Excluding the LULUCF sector, total greenhouse gas emissions in 2023 decreased by 1.4 % compared to the previous year, amounting to 552.2 Mt CO₂eq. Compared to 1990, total emissions (excluding LULUCF) in 2023 increased by 142 %. Per capita emissions, which were 6.6 tonnes of CO₂eq in 2022 decreased by 1.8 % to 6.5 tonnes 2023. In 2023, the energy sector had the largest share of total emissions at 71.6 %, followed by agriculture at 13.0 %, industrial processes and product use at 12.8 % and waste at 2.5 %. Energy sector emissions (excluding LULUCF) in 2023 increased by 209 % compared to 1990, while emissions from industrial processes and product use rose by 207 % over the same period. Türkiye’s most recent emission inventory report reveals that per capita CO₂ emissions in 2023 were 5.2 tonnes, which is lower than the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development average of 7.78 tonnes.