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The indicator shows the trend in total greenhouse gas emissions, excluding those from the land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) sector. For comparison, two index lines (1990 value = 100) are included: the first refers to country specific emissions, while the second expresses total EU emissions.
Montenegro set a goal of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 55 % by 2030 compared with 1990 levels, excluding land use, , which appears as an ambitious goal based on current trends. This goal could potentially be achieved by including LULUCF, which is set out as a goal .
In 2022, total GHG emissions without LULUCF decreased by 27.6 % compared with 1990; however, with LULUCF included, this decrease amounted to 71.3 % . [3] Montenegro’s annual GHG emission trend (without LULUCF) shows a slight decrease compared with 1990, but with some obvious increases in the last few years of the inventory, which move the country further from its path to achieving the set goals. This downward trend occurred mostly due to decommissioning in the metal industry (specifically the Aluminium Plant Podgorica, known as KAP) and energy efficiency measures. In 2022, the most important GHG (without LULUCF) was CO2, . CO2 primarily results from combustion activities, mainly in coal-fired power plants but also . To meet the goals and help ensure adaptation to climate changes by 2030, Montenegro is working on its new Climate Law, the national energy and climate plan (NECP) and the national adaptive plan, which encompass more details on carbon price policies (the emissions trading system and the second emissions trading system), renewable energy sources (RESs) and e-mobility.
References and footnotes
- ↵Energy Community Secretariat, ‘The clean energy package targets’, Energy Community Secretariat website, accessed 23 June 2025, https://www.energy-community.org/implementation/package/CEP.html.
- ↵United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Update of the NDC of Montenegro, Bonn, 2025, accessed 23 June 2025, https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/2025-02/001_eng_NDC_Montenegro.pdf.
- a b cEnvironmental Protection Agency of Montenegro, National Inventory Document 2024 of Montenegro, Podgorica, 2024, pp. 101–103, accessed 23 June 2025, https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/2.%20NID_2024_MNE.pdf.