The historical chapters illustrate numerous harms which for the most part have been caused by irresponsible corporations. This fact, coupled with shortcomings in how decisions are made by governments on when to act on early warnings, and in the law when it comes to compensating victims of harm, are analysed in three chapters in Part D of the report.

Part D - Costs, justice and innovation contains the following chapters:

• Understanding and accounting for the costs of inaction
  Mikael Skou Andersen and David Owain Clubb
• Protecting early warners and late victims
  Carl Cranor
• Why did business not react with precaution to early warnings?
  Marc Le Menestrel and Julian Rode