All official European Union website addresses are in the europa.eu domain.
See all EU institutions and bodies| 5EAP | 5 th Environmental ActionProgramme | 
| A | All Länder of Germany | 
| ADEME | Agence de l'environnement et de la maîtrise del'energie, France | 
| AFNOR | French standard on the design of vehicles tooptimise their recycling/re-use at end of life | 
| AIJ/JI | Activities implemented jointly/JointImplementation | 
| AIP | Associação Industrial Portuguesa, Associationof Portuguese Industries | 
| BAU | Business as Usual | 
| BDI | Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie, FederalAssociation of German Industry | 
| BDZ | Bundesverband der Deutschen Ziegelindustrie,Federal Association of German Cement Industry | 
| BGW | Bundesverband der deutschen Gas- undWasserwirtschaft, Federal Association of German Gas and WaterUtilities | 
| BMW | Bayerische Motorenwerke (car manufacturer),Munich/Germany | 
| BOD | Biological Oxygen Demand | 
| CAIMA | Small Portuguese pulp paper producingcompany | 
| CEC | Commission of the EuropeanCommunities | 
| CEFIC | European Confederation of ChemicalIndustry | 
| CELPA | Sector da Pasta de Papel, Portuguese pulp paperassociation | 
| CEP | Company Environmental Plan,Netherlands | 
| CEPA | Consolidated Environmental Protection Act,Denmark | 
| CFC | Chlorinated Flour-Carbons | 
| CFF | Compagnie Française de la Feraille, FrenchCompany operating many shredder sites. | 
| CGS | Centre de Gestion Scientifique, Unit in ‘Ecolede Mines’, Paris/France | 
| CIRED | Centre International de Recherche surl’Environnement et le Développement, International Centre for Researchon Environment and Development, France | 
| CNPA | Conseil National des Professions del’Automobile, association of car dismantlers, France | 
| CO | Carbon monoxide | 
| CO 2 | Carbon dioxide | 
| COD | Chemical Oxygen Demand | 
| COP | Conference of the Parties | 
| D | Germany | 
| DCMR | Association of Provinces,Netherlands | 
| DG | Directorate General (of the EuropeanCommission) | 
| DGA | Direcção-Geral Do Ambiente, PortugueseEnvironment Ministry | 
| DGI | Direcção Geral Da Indústria, PortugueseIndustry Ministry | 
| DHS | Dansk Handel Service, Danish TradeService | 
| DIW | Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung(German Institute for Economics Research) | 
| DK | Denmark | 
| DOE | Department of Environment, (here:Ireland) | 
| DRIRE | Regional environmental regulator,France | 
| DSD | Duales System Deutschland | 
| DSM | Demand side management | 
| EA | Environmental Agreement | 
| EC | European Commission | 
| ECU | European Currency Unit | 
| EEA | European Environment Agency | 
| EEB | European Environmental Bureau | 
| EIONET | European Environment Information andObservation Network | 
| ELV | End-of-Life Vehicles | 
| EM | Environmental Management Act,Netherlands | 
| EMAS | Environmental Management and AuditingSystem | 
| EMS | Environmental Management System,Netherlands | 
| en. | Energy | 
| EP | European Parliament | 
| EPA | Environmental Protection Agency, here: Sweden,Denmark | 
| EPS | Expanded polystyrene | 
| ERM | Environmental Resource Management, BritishConsultant | 
| est. | estimated | 
| ETUC | European Trade Union Confederation | 
| EU | European Union | 
| EURELECTRIC | Grouping of the Electricity SupplyIndustry | 
| FCCC | Framework Convention on ClimateChange | 
| FEDEREC | Fédération Française de la Récupération pour laGestion Industrielle de l’Environnement et du Recyclage, FrenchRecovery Federation for Industrial Management of the Environment andRecycling | 
| FGD | Flue Gas Desulphurisation | 
| FO | Consultative Group for the Chemical Industry,Netherlands | 
| FoE | Friends of the Earth, environmental NGO, here:Sweden | 
| FR | France | 
| FRF | French Francs | 
| GHG | Greenhouse gas | 
| H 2 S | Hydrogen Sulphide | 
| HDPE | High-density polyethylene | 
| ICCA | International Council of ChemicalsAssociations | 
| IEA | International Energy Agency,Paris/France | 
| IETP | Integrated Environmental Target Plan,Netherlands | 
| ifo | Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Institutefor Economics Research, Munich/Germany | 
| IPPC | Integrated Pollution PreventionControl | 
| ISO | International Organisation forStandardisation | 
| ITOT | International Environment Technology TransferCentre, Leipzig/Germany | 
| KL | Kommunernres Landsforening, NationalAssociation of Local Authorities, Denmark | 
| KPMG | International Consultant Group | 
| LDPE | Low-density polyethylene | 
| MEP | Member of Parliament | 
| MSW | Municipal Solid Waste | 
| MWV | Mineralölwirtschaftsverband, Oil RefiningIndustry, Germany | 
| MYA | Multi-year agreement | 
| N | New Länder, former part ofEast-Germany | 
| NEPP | National Environmental Policy Plan,Netherlands | 
| NFP | National Focal Point (of the EEA) | 
| NFR | Swedish Packaging Council | 
| NGO | Non-Governmental Organisation (here mainly usedfor environmental ones) | 
| NL | Netherlands | 
| NM 3 | normal cubic meter | 
| NO x | Nitrogen oxides | 
| O | Old Länder, former part ofWest-Germany | 
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co-operation andDevelopment, Paris | 
| P | Portugal | 
| P&P | Pulp Paper | 
| PAH | Polycyclic (or polynuclear) aromatichydrocarbons | 
| PARCOM | Convention for the Prevention of MaritimePollution from Land Based Sources (Paris Convention) | 
| PCB | Polychlorobiphenyls | 
| PEDIP | Specific Programme for Development ofPortuguese Industry | 
| Perf. | Performance | 
| Pers. Comm. | Personal Communication | 
| PET | Polyethylene terephthalate | 
| PORTARIA | Portuguese law on water/effluent and airemissions of pulp paper industry | 
| PORTUCEL | Large Portuguese pulp paper producingcompany | 
| PP | Polypropylene | 
| prod. | Production | 
| PRTR | Pollutant Release and TransferRegister | 
| PSA | French car company with the two constituentcompanies Peugeot and Citroën | 
| PTE | Portuguese Escudos | 
| PVC | Polyvinylchlorine | 
| PWS | Priority Waste Streams | 
| R&D | Research and Development | 
| red’n | Reduction | 
| Ref. | Reference | 
| REPA | Reparegistret, Swedish Packaging CollectionScheme | 
| RES | Renewable Energy Sources | 
| RUE | Rational Use of Energy | 
| RWE | Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektriztitätswerk,Utility company, Germany | 
| RWI | Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut fürWirtschaftsforschung, Rhine-Westphalian Economics Research Institute,Germany | 
| S | Sweden/Sulphur | 
| SEARN | Secretarias de Estado do Ambiente e dosRecursos Naturais | 
| SEI | Secretarias de Estado da Industria | 
| SEK | Swedish Crones | 
| SME | Small and Medium-sized Enterprises | 
| SNM | Stichting Natuur en Milieu, Dutch EnvironmentalNGO | 
| SO 2 | Sulphur dioxide | 
| SOPORCEL | Large Portuguese pulp paper producingcompany | 
| sp. | Specific | 
| SPMP | Syndicat des Producteurs de MatièresPlastiques, Association of plastic manufacturers, France | 
| STORA | Medium Portuguese pulp paper producingcompany | 
| TEU | Treaty on European Union | 
| tot. | total | 
| TSS | Total Suspended Solids | 
| UK | United Kingdom | 
| UNCED | United Nations Conference on Environment andDevelopment | 
| UNICE | Union of Industrial and Employers’Confederation of Europe | 
| VA | Voluntary Agreements | 
| VCI | Verband der Chemischen Industrie, Associationof Chemical Industry, Germany | 
| VDEW | Vereinigung Deutscher Elektrizitätswerke,Association of German electricity supply companies | 
| VDZ | Verein Deutscher Zementwerke, Association ofGerman cement companies | 
| VIK | Verband der Industriellen Energie- undKraftwirtschaft, Federation of Industrial Energy Consumer andSelf-Producers, Germany | 
| VKU | Verband kommunaler Unternehmen, Association ofMunicipal Enterprises, Germany | 
| VNCI | Dutch Chemical IndustriesAssociations | 
| VNONCW | Confederation of the Netherlands’ Industry andEmployers | 
| VROM | Dutch Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning andthe Environment | 
| WWT | Waste Water Treatment | 
| yr | year | 
| ZEW | Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung,Centre for European Economics Research, Mannheim/Germany | 
| ZVEI | Zentralverband der Elektro-Industrie,Association of the Household Appliances Industries, Germany |