Figure
Trends in PM2.5 annual mean concentrations (2009-2018)
European data
Metadata
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Units:
μg/m3 per year
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Rights:
- EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (https://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).
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Owners:
- European Environment Agency (EEA)
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Figure type:
- Map
Additional information
Trend analysis considering PM2.5 annual mean observations at monitoring sites. The stations considered are those included in the EEA's AQ e-reporting database that fulfilled the following criteria: at least 75% of the records available for a year to consider that year valid; and at least 8 valid years (75% of the years in the time period analysed). Furthermore, metadata on the station and area types have to be available for the stations to be considered. The statistical method applied for the trend detection is the Mann-Kendall test (with an α of 0.05) and the actual slope is estimated using the Sen-Theil approach. A trend is considered significant when the level of significance of the Mann-Kendall test, p-value, is lower than 0.05 (α). That means that there is a 95 % probability of existence of a monotonic trend (the stations appears as a colour square in the map, with the colour indicating the value of the trend). If, on the contrary, there is less than 95 % probability of existence of a monotonic trend, there is no trend and the stations is considered as with “non-significant” trend (black dots in the maps).
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Temporal coverage
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/trends-in-pm2-5-annual or scan the QR code.
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