Total energy Research and Development expenditure, EU-15 Member States and EU level funding

Figure Created 05 Jul 2010 Published 05 Jul 2010 Last modified 29 Nov 2012

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05 Jul 2010

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MS means Member States. EU level funding is from the R&D; European Community Framework programmes. Framework programme expenditure has been estimated as an annual average over the duration of the programme. Non-nuclear research includes renewable energy, energy conservation, fossil fuel production, power production and storage technologies and cross-cutting research.