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European temperatures, 1850–2011 — annual average and 10-year running average

Figure Created 06 Jun 2012 Published 06 Jun 2012 Last modified 29 Nov 2012
1 min read
The upper graph and left axis show annual anomalies and the lower graph and the right axis show decadal average anomalies for the same datasets. The figure compares three analyses of observations. The black line refers to data from HadCRUT3 from the UK Met Office Hadley Centre and University of East Anglia Climate Research Unit, baseline period 1850–1899 (Brohan et al., 2006). The green line refers to data from GHCN-M version 3.1.0 from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Climatic Data Centre, baseline period 1880–1899 (Smith et al., 2008). The blue line refers to data from GISSTemp from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Institute for Space Studies, baseline period 1880–1899

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EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (https://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).
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European Environment Agency (EEA)
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Additional information

1) Brohan, P., Kennedy, J., Harris, I., Tett, S., Jones, P., 2006, 'Uncertainty estimates in regional and global observed temperature changes: a new dataset from 1850', Journal Geophysical Research, 111(D12106).

2) Smith, T., Reynolds, R., Peterson, T. and Lawrimore, J., 2008, 'Improvements to NOAA's historical merged land-ocean surface temperature analysis (1880–2006)', Journal of Climate, 21, 2 283–2 293.

3) Hansen, J., Ruedy, R. and Sato, M., 2010, 'Global surface temperature change', Reviews of Geophysics, 48(RG4004), pp 1–29.

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Temporal coverage

For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/european-temperatures-185020132011-2014-annual or scan the QR code.

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