Graphs based on the specific consumption of cement:

UC  = C/ PP
with
UC : specific consumption in toe/t
C : energy consumption in Mtoe (source Odyssee database)
PP : physical production in tons (source Odyssee database)

For all the EU countries, data are extracted from the ODYSSEE database (last update in August 2009); Source of data : national data

For EU, the data sources are the following:

• Energy consumption : source Eurostat except for:
• Wood (NCE 20): source Enerdata / IEA
• Construction (NCE 45): source Enerdata / IEA
• Machinery (NCE 28-32) and transport vehicles (NCE 34-35) [in Eurostat energy consumption for these 2 branches are given together]  for ODYSSEE this overall consumption has been split into 2 sub branches according to the desagregation given in the Enerdata ‘ s database (coherent with IEA)
• Other branches : in Eurostat this residual branch includes also construction , wood; for ODYSSEE energy consumption of this branch has been recalculated as total industry minus sum of the energy consumption of the branches
• Intensive branches:
• Cement : physical production for EU is the sum of the production of the 27 countries (source Odyssee). Energy consumption : based on the energy consumption of 12 countries : UK, Sweden, Spain, Portugal, Netherlands, Italy, Greece, France, Germany and Belgium, Poland and Hungary (source Odyssee) – the consumption for EU-27 as a whole is extrapolated, based on the EU12 consumption weighted by the ratio (production EU-27/production EU-12)
  
• Paper : physical production for EU-27 is the sum of EU-27 countries (source Odyssee).  Energy consumption : source Eurostat
• Steel : physical production for EU-27 is the sum of EU-27 countries (source IISI). Energy consumption : source Eurostat