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Amount (left) and environmental footprint (right) of materials consumed in the EU-27, 2022
Chart (interactive)
The Figure shows the material use, expressed in DMC, in the EU-27 and the environmental footprint of these ‘ready to be used’ materials. The environmental footprint represents the weighted impact in terms of climate change, particulate matter, and biodiversity loss
This visualization was originally used in:
- Vercalsteren, A., et al., 2025, Measuring environmental benefits of Circular Economy, EEA ETC CE Report No 2025/3 (https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-ce/products/etc-ce-report-2025-3-measuring-environmental-benefits-of-circular-economy) accessed 21 March 2025.
- Measuring environmental benefits of Circular Economy, ETC CE, European Environment Agency (EEA)
- Cyprus
- Portugal
- Spain
- Malta
- Denmark
- Sweden
- Netherlands
- Austria
- Belgium
- Germany
- Luxembourg
- Ireland
- France
- Slovakia
- Czechia
- Italy
- Slovenia
- Croatia
- Greece
- Estonia
- Latvia
- Lithuania
- Finland
- Hungary
- Bulgaria
- Poland
- Romania
Methodology
Data source: ETC-CE input-output analysis calculation based on ESTAT FIGARO database (2024-edition), ESTAT Air Emission Accounts (last update: 13/12/2024), ESTAT Material Flow Accounts (last update: 07/08/2024), and EXIOBASE v3.8.2. The land-use related biodiversity loss footprint data of EU-27 is from IRP GRO 2024. The figure is published in the ETC CE Report 2025/3 Measuring environmental benefits of Circular Economy: https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-ce/products/etc-ce-report-2025-3-measuring-environmental-benefits-of-circular-economy