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See all EU institutions and bodiesThe indicator shows the number of annual premature deaths attributable to exposure to fine particulate matter (PM₂.₅) and the related zero-pollution action plan objective for 2030. Premature deaths are derived from a health risk assessment approach based on World Health Organization Europe recommendations measuring the general impact of air pollution across a given population.
Thanks to successful mitigation policies, air pollution in Switzerland has been steadily decreasing in the past few decades. Since 2005, the . Minor annual fluctuations can be attributed to year-specific weather conditions. Switzerland met the emission reduction targets set out in the . With the exception of ozone levels, Switzerland is largely in compliance with legal air quality standards, essentially matching the . As a result of this positive development – and reflected in the graph – the number of premature deaths attributable to particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) pollution has decreased . Nevertheless, a health impact assessment commissioned by the Federal Office for the Environment concludes that the additional health benefits of a further reduction to meet the World Health Organization recommendations from . While Switzerland has set long-term targets for the reduction of air pollutant emissions, including particulate matter, there is no national target in regard to premature mortality.
References and footnotes
- a bEuropean Environment Agency, ‘Air quality health risk assessments for Switzerland’, https://discomap.eea.europa.eu/App/AQViewer/index.html?fqn=Airquality_Dissem.ebd.countries_and_nuts&ScenarioDescription=Baseline%20from%20WHO%202021%20AQG&UrbanisationDegree=All%20Areas%20(incl.unclassified)&Year=2022&Sex=Total
- ↵Centre on Emission Inventories and Projections, ‘Gothenburg Protocol targets data viewer’, Centre on Emission Inventories and Projections website, accessed 12 June 2025, https://www.ceip.at/gothenburg-protocol/gp-targets-data-viewer-2.
- ↵Federal Office for the Environment, Luftqualität 2023, Bern, 2024, https://www.bafu.admin.ch/bafu/de/home/themen/luft/publikationen-studien/publikationen/nabel-luftqualitaet.html.
- ↵Castro, A., Künzli, N., de Hoogh, K., Kappeler, R., Kutlar Joss, M. et al., ‘Mortality attributable to ambient fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide in Switzerland in 2019: Use of two-pollutant effect estimates’, Environmental Research, Vol. 231, Part 1, 2023, 116029, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935123008216?via%3Dihub.