Final energy consumption

In Poland, overall household energy consumption remains at a level around the average European level, but household electricity consumption per capita was the second lowest in the EU-27 in 2022. The gross available energy per capita was 119.1 GJ, whereas the EU average was 130.8 GJ. Industry has the largest direct energy consumption in Poland (approximately 32% of total consumption in 2023), followed by transport (30%) and households (24%). Most energy is used for heating purposes. Overall energy consumption increased by 12% between 2012 and 2021 due to economic development, but its pace was much slower than that of gross domestic product. Energy consumption increased among almost all sectors except households, where it had been decreasing for many years. A decrease in the extraction of energy resources was accompanied by a growing volume of imports. Due to the high prices of energy resources, energy consumption decreased, and in 2021 Poland became a net energy exporter for the first time in seven years. The peak demand has also decreased thanks to, among other things, energy-saving measures in industry, an increase in prosumer autoconsumption in the summer and the growth of non-electric heating in households. To save energy, energy efficiency (white) certificates were introduced. There are many measures being implemented and planned, including thermo-modernisation projects and the development of public transport. During 2022–2023, the public sector was legally obligated to decrease total energy consumption by 10%.