Final energy consumption

Final energy consumption (FEC) in North Macedonia shows slightly higher levels in 2011–2019, but, overall, minimal change since 2005 (see graph). For all FEC assessments (past and future), 2020 is considered as the base year, with an index value of 100. The FEC target value for 2030 is estimated at 87% in relation to 2020, which means that to achieve this goal we need to reduce FEC by 2.7% each year. Reductions need to occur in several sectors: industry (through energy consumption management, the introduction of more efficient engines and the introduction of more advanced technologies), transport (through the electrification of the transport sector, greater penetration of biodiesel and compressed producer gas, and advanced mobility), residential (wide application of energy efficiency and renewable energy source technologies, such as solar thermal collectors, heat pumps, modern biomass stoves, improved energy performance of buildings, and more compact fluorescent and light-emitting diode lighting), and commercial and services (similar to the residential sector, plus green procurement measures and 70–100% use of light-emitting diodes for street lighting). If we consider the trend for 2000–2020, interpreted in a linear way, and extrapolate this to 2022–2030, we can expect that FEC would grow at an estimate of 1.1% yearly – instead of decreasing - indicating that substantial efforts are needed across sectors to reverse this trend.