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Progress towards halting the loss of biodiversity by 2010

This report assesses farmland, forests, freshwater ecosystems, marine and coastal systems, wetlands of international importance and mountain ecosystems in order to provide evidence of progress — or lack of progress — towards the 2010 target of halting the loss of biodiversity.

10 messages for 2010 - climate change and biodiversity

The variety of life underpins our social and economic wellbeing and will be increasingly an indispensible resource in the battle against climate change. However, our consumption and production patterns are depriving ecosystems of their capacity to withstand climate change and deliver the services we need from them. As we understand more about the ways that climate change is impacting biodiversity, it becomes clear that we cannot tackle the two crises separately. Their interdependence requires us to address them together.

10 messages for 2010 - Coastal ecosystems

Key messages: 1) As an interface between land and sea, European coastlines provide vital resources for wildlife, but also for the economy and human health and well-being. 2) Multiple pressures, including habitat loss and degradation, pollution, climate change and overexploitation of fish stocks, affect coastal ecosystems. 3) Coastal habitat types and species of Community interest are at risk in Europe; two thirds of coastal habitat types and more than half of coastal species have an unfavourable conservation status. 4) Integrated and ecosystem-based approaches provide the foundation for sustainable coastal management and development, supporting socio-economic development, biodiversity and ecosystem services. Coordinated action at the global, regional and local levels will be key to sustainable management of coastal ecosystems.

Share of forest area by number of tree species

Spatial diversity of habitats covered by the Habitats Directive (marine habitats are excluded)

The map shows the number of terrestrial ART17 habitats reports per 10x10km GRID cells (2013-2018)

Spatial diversity of species covered by the Habitats Directive (marine species are excluded)

The map shows the number of terrestrial ART17 species reports per 10x10km GRID cells (2013-2018)

Species of European interest — conservation status by biogeographical region

In the Alpine region, more than 25 % of species have a 'favourable' status and more than 20 % have an 'unfavourable' or 'bad' status.

Species richness in Europe

Species richness in Europe (vertebrates and vascular plants) in proportion to countries' surface area

Spread of the western corn rootworm in Europe

A recent invasive American pest on arable land in Europe is the western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera)

State of progress by Member States in designating sufficient protected areas to provide for Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) Annex I habitats and Annex II species

The figure shows the state of progress by Member States in designating sufficient protected areas to provide for Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC) Annex I habitats and Annex II species Marine areas are excluded

Terrestrial mean species abundance, globally and for selected world regions

Terrestrial mean species abundance, expressed as percentage of the level that natural vegetation could support.

Threat status of EU species

Red list status of amphibians, terrestrial mammals, marine mammals, reptiles, butterflies and dragonflies in EU.

Trends of European butterflies and dragonflies

Populations trends of European butterflies and dragonflies.

Underwater noise shipping footprint in the Baltic region and hearing loss factor for the marine species in the Baltic region

The maps shows the emergence level of shipping noise above natural noise (left) and the loss of hearing range of marine species caused by shipping (right) (125 Hz, percentile 50).

Weighted population index of species predicted to gain range in response to climatic change (30 species)

How to read the graph: The weighted population index of species expected to gain in range due to climatic change has increased by over 30 % since 1989.

Weighted population trend of species predicted to lose range in response to climatic change (92 species)

How to read the graph: The weighted population index of species expected to lose in range due to climatic change has decreased by 20% since 1989.

Wooded species

Worst invasives — the iceplant

The map shows the distribution of Carpobrotus in Minorca at the end of 2001, just when the LIFE Nature project Conservation of areas with endangered flora in Minorca (LIFE2000NAT/E/7355) was in the initial steps

Natura 2000 Network (terrestrial and marine areas)

The map shows the Natura 2000 sites (version 2018) for EU28 countries.

Northward shift and changes in occurrence of selected freshwater species

This indicator shows the evolution of the number of observations of Southern European dragonfly species in Flanders. Due to climate change the number of records of Southern European dragonflies increases in Flanders. Some species that were only occasional visitors in the past, such as Lestes barbarus now have permanent populations.

Number of introduced non-native freshwater species of various taxa which have an ecological effect

Number of mountain Species of Community Interest (Annex II and IV of the EU Habitats Directive) endemic to mountain regions, mountain ranges, and islands of Europe

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Number of species in the pan-European region listed as "worst invasive alien species threatening biodiversity in Europe" occurring in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems

Observed latitudinal shifts of four species over 25 years in Britain

This graph shows the observed latitudinal shifts of the northern range boundaries of species within 4 exemplar taxonomic groups, studied over 25 years in Britain. (A) Spiders (85 species), (B) ground beetles (59 species), (C) butterflies (29 species), and (D) grasshoppers and allies (22 species). Positive latitudinal shifts indicate movement toward the north (pole); negative values indicate shifts toward the south (Equator). Horizontal lines mark the Median, boxes the 25 to 75 % quartile and whisker the range (up to 1.5 times the interquartile distance). Open Circles are outliers.

Occurrence of assessed butterfly and amphibian species of different vulnerability categories in bio-geographical regions, 2050, A2 scenario

Vulnerability of assessed butterfly and amphibian species of different vulnerability categories in bio-geographical regions