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Consumption and the environment — 2012 update

Update to the European Environment State and Outlook 2010 (SOER 2010) thematic assessment

Relative losses of agricultural areas to urbanisation

Graph showing estimated loss of agricultural land in 20 EU countries due to urbanization between 1990 and 2000 based on an analysis of CORINE Land Cover Data

Relative pressure intensities (unit pressure per Euro of spending) of household consumption categories averaged across 9 EU countries, 2005

This figure compares the environmental pressure intensity of 12 different household consumption categories as defined by COICOP nomenclature i.e. the environmental pressure implications of spending one Euro on a given household consumption category compared to the average Euro spent by households. The pressures caused by household consumption categories include both direct and indirect pressures. Direct pressures are those released during consumption of goods and services i.e. emissions to air from cars and from burning fuels in households for heating, cooking etc. Indirect pressures caused by consumption comprise all pressures released along the production chains of consumed goods. Includes goods produced domestically and imported goods. 4 environmental pressure intensities are included – greenhouse gas emissions per Euro; acidification emissions per Euro; tropospheric ozone precursors per Euro and material consumption per Euro.

Reported noise exposure of more than 55 dB Lden in European agglomerations with more than 250 000 inhabitants based on the results of strategic noise mapping

The figure shows the reported long-term (yearly) average exposure to day-evening-night noise of more than 55 dB in EU-27 agglomerations with more than 250 000 inhabitants

Resource use per person, by country, 2000 and 2007

This graph shows the resource use per person, by country in 2000 and 2007.

Riverine flood damage potential

This map presents riverine flood damage potential for a 100-year return period, current climate and no defences; catchments and sub-catchments of less than 500 km2 are not included

Rural concentration map of the ozone indicator AOT40 for crops, 2006 and 2007

AOT40 for crops are vegatation exposure related indicators and are based on rural background station observation only

Sectoral decomposition of regional welfare changes

Sectoral decomposition of regional welfare changes due to climate change

Selected oil and gas reserves

The bars show proved oil and natural gas reserves by country. Only countries with more than 20 billion barrels of oil are shown (top maps). Only countries with more than 3 billion cubic metres are shown (bottom maps).

Selected raw materials: world use and rare earth elements, germanium and tantalum

For the graph: 2006 and projected 2030 world use of neodymium, germanium and tantalum. The technologies responsible for the growth in use of these materials by 2030 are indicated in red. For the map: The bars show estimated reserves of rare earth elements, germanium and tantalum.

Share of global exports

Share of world exports evolution (1980 to 2009) for selected export regions or countries

Share of land-cover types in Europe: total area (left); artificial surfaces (right)(results for 36 countries in Corine land cover 2006 data set)

Shift in trade partner

Top five partners in trade of China, the European Union, the United States and Sub-Saharan Africa for 2006 and projections for 2050

Shortening time lapse before mass use of technological inventions

Timeline describing the ever-shortening time taken by a selection of inventions (telephone, radio, TV, Internet..) to reach a quarter of the population in the US.

Slowdown of urban growth

Historical trends and projections by world regions (1950- 2050) of urban growth rate showing a clear slowdown for all regions

Emissions of mercury to water based on E-PRTR reporting of 2007 data

The map shows the emissions of mercury to water based on E-PRTR reporting of 2007 data

Sources of selected air pollutants in 2008 for EEA-32 and Western Balkan countries

Sources of selected air pollutants in EEA-32 and West Balkan countries, 2008.

Statistically significant trends of ocean colour intensity 1998–2009

The figure shows statistically significant trends of ocean colour intensity 1998–2009 at the 95 % confidence level (Mann–Kendall test)

Status of fish stocks and catch quotas in relation to MSY

Still a large gap between advanced and emerging economies

GDP per capita from 1980 to 2030

Suitability of the establishment of the tiger mosquito under the minimum climate change scenario, long term (2030)

Projected suitability of the establishment of the tiger mosquito

The level of green areas inside and around cities, 2006

The map shows the relation of green urban areas to the green background, i.e. it compares the mean value of green background of the city surroundings with the mean values of green urban areas of the core cities, both in [%]. Results are represented by points of different colours.

The major soil types of Europe

The map shows the major soil types as defined by their WRB Reference Group name.

The modelled effects of introducing road vehicle emissions standards and the LCP/IPPC Directives for large combustion plants on PM2.5 concentrations in Europe in 2005

The modelled effects of introducing road vehicle emissions standards (left) and the LCP/IPPC directives for large combustion plants (right) on PM2.5 concentrations in Europe in 2005

The natural susceptibility for soils to compaction

The map shows the natural soil susceptibility to compaction