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Sectoral shares of acidifying pollutants (SO2, NOx, NH3; energy and non-energy components) of total emissions, EEA-32. Values within the segments indicate the level of emissions (kt) emitted from each sector.
The emissions of acidifying pollutants (sulphur dioxide SO2, nitrogen oxides NOx and ammonia NH3) are each weighted by an acid equivalency factor prior to aggregation to represent their respective acidification potentials. The acid equivalency factors are given by: w(SO2) = 2/64 acid eq/g = 31.25 acid eq/kg, w(NOx) = 1/46 acid eq/g = 21.74 acid eq/kg and w(NH3) = 1/17 acid eq/g = 58.82 acid eq/kg.
Total acidifying emissions by economic sector for EEA country groupings, 2004, and contributions from each sector and pollutant to total change 1990-2004
Total TOFP emissions by economic sector for EEA country groupings, 2004, and contributions of each sector and pollutant to total change 1990-2004
Transport emissions of air pollutants in EEA member countries
International aviation and maritime transport are not included in this figure
Transport emissions of air pollutants in EEA member countries
Note: The transport emissions data include all of ´road transport´ and ´other transport/mobile sources´, less the ´memo´ items, which include international aviation (landing and take off, and cruise) and international marine (international sea traffic bunkers)
Transport emissions of regulated air pollutants in EEA member countries
Transport emissions of regulated air pollutants in EEA member countries. The transport emissions data include all of road transport and other transport/mobile sources, less the memo items, which include international aviation (LTO (Landing and Take Off) and cruise) and international marine (international sea traffic- bunkers)
Overall changes in energy-related emissions by main group of air pollutants in the EU-25, 1990-2003
The emissions of acidifying pollutants (SO2, NOX and NH3) are each weighted by an acid equivalency factor prior to aggregation to represent their respective acidification potentials
PCB levels in grey seals (a), white-tailed sea eagle eggs (b), Guillemot eggs (c) and Baltic Herring (d) in the Baltic region between 1970 and 2010
The figures shows the level of PCB in A) Grey seals B) White-tailed sea eagle eggs C) Guillemot eggs D) Baltic Herring in the Baltic region between 1970 and 2010
Percentage of the urban population potentially exposed to pollutant concentrations over selected limit/target values
Change in emissions of acidifying substances compared with the 2010 NECD targets (EEA member countries)
Gothenburg targets are applied for countries without a NEC Directive target.
Change in the emissions intensity of energy-related air pollutants in the EU-25, 2001-2003
PM10 includes only primary particle emissions
Changes (%) in emissions of acidifying pollutants by source category, 1990-2007, EEA-27 (weighted by acid equivalency factors)
The figure shows the emissions of acidifying pollutants (sulphur dioxide SO2, nitrogen oxides NOx and ammonia NH3) each weighted by an acid equivalency factor prior to aggregation to represent their respective acidification potentials. The acid equivalency factors are given by: w(SO2) = 2/64 acid eq/g = 31.25 acid eq/kg, w(NOx) = 1/46 acid eq/g = 21.74 acid eq/kg and w(NH3) = 1/17 acid eq/g = 58.82 acid eq/kg.
Changes (%) in energy related emissions of pollutants contributing to acid deposition by source category, 2005-2009, EEA32
The figure shows the emissions of asulphur dioxide SO2, nitrogen oxides NOx and ammonia NH3. Energy combustion’ includes all energy-related emissions.
Contribution of different sectors (energy and non-energy) to total emissions of SO2, NOx, NH3, 2009, EEA-32
The figue shows the contribution of different sectors (energy and non-energy) to total emissions of SO2, NOx and NH3
Many Europeans are exposed to harmful levels of air pollution
Up to 30 % of Europeans living in cities are exposed to air pollutant levels exceeding EU air quality standards. And around 95 % of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of air pollutants deemed damaging to health by the World Health Organization’s more stringent guidelines.
Type and number of measures by pollutant
Presents aggregate information on the type and number of measures put in place to improve air quality across all reporting countries, categorised in terms of: Traffic, Awareness raising, Public procurement, Fuels, Industry, Other.
- Subcategories
Presents aggregate information on the type and number of measures put in place to improve air quality across all reporting countries, categorised in terms of: Traffic, Awareness raising, Public procurement, Fuels, Industry, Other.
EEA-32 national emission changes from 1990 to 2004 for acidifying pollutants, and remaining reduction targets under the National Emission Ceiling Directive (NECD) for EU Member States
Emission trends of acidifying pollutants (EEA member countries)
Emission trends of acidifying pollutants (EU-27 - EU-15)
NEC Directive targets are applied on LRTAP Convention data.
Emission trends of acidifying pollutants (ktonnes acid equivalent), (EU-15)
NEC Directive targets are applied on LRTAP Convention data.
Emissions of air pollutants by sector in 2003, EU-25
'Other' includes energy-related emissions from households, services and agriculture.
European Union emission inventory report 1990 — 2008 under the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP)
This document is the European Union emission inventory report under the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (LRTAP). It includes information on the formal institutional arrangements that underpin the European Union's emission inventory, emission trends for the EU‑27 and Member States, and the contribution of important individual emission sources to total emissions, sector group emission trends for key pollutants, information on recalculations and future planned improvements.
Impact of selected policy measures on Europe's air quality
The main objective of the present study is to analyse and quantify the effects that certain past policy measures in the road transport and industrial combustion facilities have had on the magnitude of air pollutant emissions and subsequent air quality in Europe. The policies selected are the Euro emission standards for road vehicles and the EU directives on Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) and large combustion plants (LCP).
Emissions of air pollutants from transport in Europe
With the introduction of policy measures in recent decades, the emissions of most air pollutants from transport in the EU-27 have decreased. Reductions in the road transport sector account for the greatest progress. However, the largest increases came from international aviation and navigation, with emissions of nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, particulate matter, ammonia and nitrous oxide rising in aviation, and methane emissions increasing in navigation. Most pollutants have rebounded since 2020, when they fell together with transport volumes during the COVID-19 pandemic.