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Earnings, jobs and innovation: the role of recycling in a green economy
This short report explains the role of recycling in the green economy and examines the evidence of its contribution in Europe, focusing primarily on the economic benefits that recycling offers.
Nickel 2010 - Annual target value for the protection of human health
In the directive 2004/107/EC (Fourth Daughter Directive), the EU has set a target value for nickel (Ni) for the protection of human health: the Ni annual mean value may not exceed 20 nanograms per cubic metre (ng/m3). The target value enters into force 31.12.2012.
Nickel - Annual target value for the protection of human health
In the directive 2004/107/EC (Fourth Daughter Directive), the EU has set a target value for nickel (Ni) for the protection of human health: the Ni annual mean value may not exceed 20 nanograms per cubic metre (ng/m3). The target value enters into force 31.12.2012.
Annual mean lead and nickel concentrations in 2017
Observed concentrations of lead (left) and nickel (right) in 2017. The map shows the lead and nickel annual mean concentrations. The dots in the last two colour categories indicate stations with concentrations exceeding the target value (0.5 µg/m3 for lead and 20 ng/m3 for nickel). Only stations with more than 14 % of valid data have been included in the map.
Annual mean lead and nickel concentrations in 2017
Observed concentrations of lead (left) and nickel (right) in 2017. The map shows the lead and nickel annual mean concentrations. The dots in the last two colour categories indicate stations with concentrations exceeding the target value (0.5 µg/m3 for lead and 20 ng/m3 for nickel). Only stations with more than 14 % of valid data have been included in the map.
EU emissions of As, Cd, Hg, Ni and Pb, 2002–2011, as a percentage of 2002 emissions
The graph shows the development in As (and other heavy metals) emissions reported by the EU Member States between 2002 and 2011 as a percentage of 2002 emissions.
AirBase - Exchange of information
Observed air quality concentration maps for 2013 for components O3, PM10, NO2, PM2.5 and BaP.
Annual mean concentrations of heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, lead and nickel), 2011
The four maps shows the annual mean concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead and nickel in the year 2011
Annual mean nickel concentrations in 2018
Observed concentrations of Ni in 2018. Dots in the last two colour categories correspond to concentrations above the target value. Only stations reporting more than 14 % of valid data have been included in the map.
Distance to target (2004) for arsenic, cadmium and nickel at urban and rural stations
´Average´ is average across all stations, ´avg > LV´ is average of those stations exceeding the target value, ´max´ is the maximum station
Air quality statistics
The Air Quality Annual Statistics Viewer shows yearly data for all 12 air pollutants that have legal limits under EU air quality laws. Results are presented by year on maps and box plots. Specific screens also show the evolution throughout the years, as well as the distribution of the values