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Antimicrobial resistance in surface waters — developing environmental monitoring for better risk management
This briefing outlines the need to monitor antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Europe’s surface waters. It is relevant to the EU One Health Action Plan against AMR and water policies including the revised Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive. Eionet members highlighted key national priorities.
10 messages for 2010 — marine ecosystems
Marine ecosystems provide key services both globally and locally, which are essential for maintaining life on our planet. However, marine biodiversity faces an unprecedented range of pressures. In recent years climate change has caused changes in species distribution and presents new challenges for marine biodiversity as oceans become more acidic.
State of commercial fish stocks in North East Atlantic and Baltic Sea
The figure shows the state of commercial fish stocks in North East Atlantic and Baltic Sea. Status of fish stocks was assessed in 2009 in the ICES regions , although data refers to 2008. Elasmobranchs not included as they constitute only about 3% of the total catch in the NE Atlantic and consist of many species and stocks which would mask the general trend.
Status assessment of natural features reported by EU Member States under the MSFD
Blue = good, red = not good, green = other and grey = unknown). The figures in parenthesis are the number of reported features. The associated confidence rating of the information is rarely high.
Total and marine catches
International comparisons
Total and marine catches, change from 2000 to 2005
International comparisons
Total sea surface temperature changes in the Mediterranean Sea (oC, 1982-2003)
Trend in winter oxidized nitrogen concentrations in coastal and open waters of the Baltic, North East Atlantic (Greater North Sea, Celtic Seas) and Mediterranean Sea (Adriatic Sea), 1985 - 2010
The figure shows trend in winter oxidized nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite) concentrations in coastal and open waters of the Baltic, North East Atlantic (Greater North Sea, Celtic Seas) and Mediterranean Sea (Adriatic Sea) (% of stations showing a statistically significant change within the period 1985-2010). Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of stations included in the analysis for each country. "Open sea" is the total of all off-shore stations (>20km) within a (sub)region.
Change in winter oxidized nitrogen concentrations in coastal and open waters of the North East Atlantic, Baltic, Mediterranean and North Seas
The figure shows change in winter oxidized nitrogen concentrations in coastal and open waters of the North East Atlantic, Baltic, Mediterranean and North Seas, 1985–2008
Underwater noise shipping footprint in the Baltic region and hearing loss factor for the marine species in the Baltic region
The maps shows the emergence level of shipping noise above natural noise (left) and the loss of hearing range of marine species caused by shipping (right) (125 Hz, percentile 50).
Oxygen concentrations in Europe's coastal and marine waters
The occurrence of reduced oxygen levels in near-seafloor waters is increasing, owing mainly to a combination of natural causes and human-induced pressures, including excess nutrient inputs and climate change. Around 18% of assessed areas reveal reduced concentrations (<6mg/l), below the level needed to support marine life with minimal stress. The Baltic and Black seas are most affected, with over 33% of assessed areas falling below this level. Oxygen depletion can severely impact marine life and disrupt ecosystems, leading to significant environmental and socio-economic consequences.
Coverage of marine protected areas in Europe's seas
The table shows the percentage cover of MPAs and distance to 10% target for each regional and sub regional sea and by distance zone from the coastline modified from the report: Spatial analysis of Marine Protected Area Networks in Europe´s seas. EEA Technical report, no 17/2015
Europe's seas and selected characteristics of EU marine protected area networks
The table shows the areal extent of Europe's seas and selected characteristics of EU marine protected areas (MPAs), namely area coverage, percentage of coverage and total number of sites. Data excludes the Icelandic Sea, Norwegian Sea and the Barents Sea
EMTER - facts and figures [CS].pdf
EMTER - facts and figures [EL].pdf
EMTER - facts and figures [LT].pdf
EMTER - facts and figures [NL].pdf
EMTER - facts and figures [SK].pdf
Nesting locations of the Green turtle and Loggerhead turtle in the Mediterranean Sea
Map showing nesting sites of the Green turtle and Loggerhead turtle with over 40 nesting sites compiled for Casale, P. and Margaritoulis, D. (Eds.) 2010.
Non-indigenous species (NIS) of high impact introduced by shipping (as a primary or secondary pathway)
The map displays, by marine ecoregion, the NIS of high impact introduced by maritime transport, as a primary or secondary pathway.
Pan-European marine ecosystems
The assessment in this chapter focuses on the Barents, Baltic, Black, Caspian, Mediterranean, North-East Atlantic, Norwegian and Russian Arctic Seas
Pan-European marine ecosystems
The large marine ecosystems (LMEs) project was created in support of the global objectives of Chapter 17 of Agenda 21, as a follow-up to the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED)
PFC concentrations in surface water (5m) in the North Sea, August 2005
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The physiography of Europe
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Proportion of national land territory and marine surface area protected under the Bird and Habitats Directives
(1) = The area of the Member State and the % corresponds to the area of Cyprus where the Community acquis applies at present, according to Protocol 10 of the Accession Treaty of Cyprus.