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Agriculture and environment in EU-15 - the IRENA indicator report
Share of livestock units for which EU Member States have planned CAP-supported interventions to limit the use of antimicrobials over the implementing period 2023-2027
Trends in cattle numbers by country group
Million heads of cattle by country group
Number of animals in EU-25
(a) Annual sales of antimicrobials for farmed animals and in aquaculture in the EU-27 (2018-2022); (b) Sales of antimicrobials for farmed animals and in aquaculture by EU Member State in 2018 and 2022
Chart (a) on the left presents the aggregate annual data on the sales of antimicrobials in food-producing animals in the EU-27, expressed in milligrams per Population Correction Unit (PCU). The PCU is used to normalise antimicrobial sales data for the size of the animal population that could potentially be treated with these substances. The PCU takes into account the number of animals slaughtered and their estimated weight when treated. Using this methodology, 1 PCU corresponds to 1 kilogram of animal biomass. The chart also shows the value for the baseline year (2018) from which progress against the relevant 2030 zero pollution target is calculated (orange horizontal line), as well as the zero pollution target value of 59.2 mg/PCU (yellow horizontal line). Right figure: The chart presents the data on the sales of veterinary antimicrobials in food-producing animals in 2018 and 2022 by EU Member State, also expressed in milligrams per PCU.
(a) Annual sales of antimicrobials for farmed animals and in aquaculture in the EU-27 (2018-2022); (b) Sales of antimicrobials for farmed animals and in aquaculture by EU Member State in 2018 and 2022
Proportion of local breeds classified as being at risk of extinction in Europe
Conserving genetic diversity of livestock is essential for the resilience of agricultural ecosystems and biodiversity. Local livestock breeds, well-adapted to local conditions, contribute to food security and preserve genetic diversity for the future. In 2024, over 80% of local breeds with known status were at risk of extinction in the European Union. Only seven countries report more than 25% of local breeds with known status as not at risk in Europe. The status of many breeds is still unknown. This highlights the pressing need for targeted policy actions, increased monitoring, research and awareness raising.
Extensive livestock systems and nature in Europe
Extensive grazing systems play a critical role in managing Europe’s landscapes and nature, and in reducing wildfire risk. About 10-15% of all European Union (EU) cattle, sheep and goats are needed to manage habitats of EU interest by grazing, with large variation between EU-27 countries.
Distribution of the endangered risk status of national main livestock breeds (cattle, pig, sheep, goat and poultry) in EU-15
Distribution of the endangered risk status of national main livestock breeds