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Ecosystem coverage in Europe
The coverage of ecosystem types — classified under the EU ‘Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services’ (MAES) framework — changed between 2012 and 2018, with urbanisation being the most dominant change process. Newly urban areas increased, while vulnerable and biodiversity-rich ecosystems such as heathlands and wetlands continued to disappear in the EU between 2012 and 2018. Agricultural ecosystems, both grassland and cropland, also showed an overall net decrease, similar to past trends.