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EMEP/CORINAIR Emission Inventory Guidebook - 2007
Regional climate change and adaptation — The Alps facing the challenge of changing water resources
Drawing on the most recent knowledge of climate change impacts in the Alps and experiences across the region, this report analyses the risks that climate change presents to the region's water supply and quality, identifying needs, constraints, opportunities, policy levers and options for adaptation. It extracts policy guidance on adaptation practice and aims to assist regional and local stakeholders in developing robust adaptation strategies. The focus of the report is on water resources and related adaptation, rather than water-related extreme events like floods, avalanches, landslides or mudflows, which are already well covered by existing studies of climate change impacts in the Alps.
EEA Briefing 2/2006 - Air quality and ancillary benefits of climate change policies
Better management of municipal waste will reduce greenhouse gas emissions
Consumption and the environment — 2012 update
Update to the European Environment State and Outlook 2010 (SOER 2010) thematic assessment
Agriculture and environment in EU-15 - the IRENA indicator report
EEA Report 2/2006 - Integration of environment into EU agriculture policy - the IRENA indicator-based assessment report
This report aims to provide a fair reflection of the progress, the achievements and obstacles in the integration of environmental concerns into EU agriculture policy, based on indicators developed in the IRENA operation (see Section 1.3). It also tackles limitations to successful policy implementation at Member State level, and challenges ahead.
Return period of current 100‐year extreme sea levels under two emissions scenarios
Solid coloured boxes show the ensemble mean value and coloured shading shows the inter‐model variability (from worst to best case). The mean value for the entire European coastline and values for the coasts of 10 geographical regions are shown. N-North, northern part of the North Atlantic; S-North Atlantic, southern part of the North Atlantic; RCP, representative concentration pathway; RCP4.5: medium emissions scenario; RCP8.5: high emissions scenario
Sensitivity of cereal yields to climate change for maize and wheat
A small increase in temperature has a positive impact on cereals yield, while a high increase (3-5 oC) has a negative impact
Simulated land average maximum 5-day total precipitation for different European regions (1860-2100)
The 20th century (black), models simulations for IPCC SRES intermediate A1B (orange) and low B1 (green) emission scenarios
Simulated land average maximum number of consecutive dry days for different European regions (1860-2100)
The 20th century (black), models simulations for IPCC SRES intermediate A1B (orange) and low B1 (green) emission scenarios
Summer 2003 (June-August) daily maximum temperature anomaly
The linear trend in surface temperature over Europe 1958 - 2001
Linear trend (oC/50 years) calculated from ERA40 data for the period 1958 to 2001
Number of extreme heat waves in future climates under two different climate forcing scenarios
The top maps show the median of the number of heat waves in a multi-model ensemble of the near future (2020–2052) and the latter half of the century (2068–2100) under the RCP4.5 scenario, and the lower maps are for the same time periods but under RCP8.5
Past and projected EU-12 greenhouse gas emissions
Percentage of Europe experiencing moderate drought conditions during the 20th century
Expressed as standardized precipitation indices (SPI) for time scales of 12 months
Potential alcohol level at harvest for Riesling in Alsace (France) 1972-2003
The figure shows the potential alcohol level at harvest for Riesling in Alsace
Projected relative change of annual maximum daily mean wind speed between 1961-2000 and 2050 using different models
Data are calculated for 10 m height using the + 2 oC scenario for 2050 (IPCC-SRES A1B emission scenarios) and the reference climate (1961-2000) from three similar models (left) and one different model, MIROCHi (right).
Estimated global warming at which the onset of the events could occur versus their impact
Temperature increase (above 1990 level) at which the various events could occur and an estimate of their impact. The impact scale has subjective qualifications (‘minor’, ‘notable’, ‘major’ and ‘devastating’), which were assigned on the basis of the geographical scale (from ‘regional’ to ‘continental’ and ‘global’) and the character of the damages (‘light’, ‘moderate’, ‘heavy’ or ‘extreme’). The level of scientific understanding, as well as the understanding of possible impacts for most of these events is low. The shapes and sizes of the ovals do not represent uncertainties in impact and temperature onset of eventualities and these uncertainties may be significant.
Average annual changes in fire danger level 1958-2006
Based on use of Seasonal Severity Rating (SSR)
Changes in EU-12 greenhouse gas emissions by sector, 1990-2006
The categories Total emissions, Energy and Transport do not include emissions and removals from LULUCF (carbon sink activities) and emissions from international bunkers (international aviation and maritime transport).
Changes in EU-15 greenhouse gas emissions by sector, 1990-2006
The categories Total emissions, Energy and Transport do not include emissions and removals from LULUCF (carbon sink activities) and emissions from international bunkers (international aviation and maritime transport).
Changes in EU-27 greenhouse gas emissions by sector, 1990-2006
The categories Total emissions, Energy and Transport do not include emissions and removals from LULUCF (carbon sink activities) and emissions from international bunkers (international aviation and maritime transport).
Greenhouse gas emissions associated with using a reusable cotton mask (including washing) and single-use surgical masks
Current (2000) and projected (2100) forest coverage in Europe
Modelled to evaluate the change of habitat suitability coverage of the ten most dominant European Forest Categories (EEA, 2006), used IPCC SRES A1B scenario and NCAR CCM3 model.