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Trend in yearly cumulated melting area of the Greenland ice sheet
The figure shows the change in yearly cumulated area of the Greenland ice sheet and it's melt during the period 1979 to 2011 in percentage relative to area in 1979=100. The linear trend 1979–2011 is included.
Probability of complete loss of northern Fennoscandian areas suitable for palsas
The figure shows the probability of complete loss of northern Fennoscandian areas suitable for palsas during the 21st century estimated using a probabilistic projection of climate change for the SRES A1B scenario
Projected changes in annual snowfall days
The figure shows the multi-model mean of changes in annual snowfall days from 1971-2000 to 2041-2070 exceeding (left) 1 cm and (right) 10 cm based on six RCM simulations and the emission scenario A1B
Cumulative ice mass loss from Greenland and Antarctica
The figure shows the cumulative ice mass loss from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from recent studies, weighted according to the primary satellite data source following the approach of the Ice Sheet Mass Balance Inter-comparison Exercise (The IMBIE team, 2018, doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0179-y; The IMBIE team, 2019, doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1855-2). The shaded uncertainty intervals are estimated from the standard deviation of the individual studies.
Cumulative specific net mass balance of European glaciers
The figure shows the cumulative specific net mass balance of selected European glaciers, i.e. the change in glacier mass since the first year of their assessment. The start of the time series varies between glaciers.
Trend in snow cover extent over the Northern Hemisphere
Projected changes in sea ice extent in the northern hemisphere in September
Projected changes in sea ice extent in the northern hemisphere in September - Mean over 2081-2100
Projected change in the volume of mountain glaciers and ice caps in European glaciated regions
The figure shows the projected volume for 2006–2100 of all mountain glaciers and ice caps in the European glaciated regions, derived using a mass balance model driven with temperature and precipitation scenarios from 14 GCMs, in Iceland, Svalbard, Scandinavia and central Europe (consisting of the European Alps and Pyrenees).
- Chart – Svalbard
The figure shows the projected volume for 2006–2100 of all mountain glaciers and ice caps in the European glaciated regions, derived using a mass balance model driven with temperature and precipitation scenarios from 14 GCMs, in Iceland, Svalbard, Scandinavia and central Europe (consisting of the European Alps and Pyrenees).
- Chart – Scandinavia
The figure shows the projected volume for 2006–2100 of all mountain glaciers and ice caps in the European glaciated regions, derived using a mass balance model driven with temperature and precipitation scenarios from 14 GCMs, in Iceland, Svalbard, Scandinavia and central Europe (consisting of the European Alps and Pyrenees).
- Chart – Central Europe
The figure shows the projected volume for 2006–2100 of all mountain glaciers and ice caps in the European glaciated regions, derived using a mass balance model driven with temperature and precipitation scenarios from 14 GCMs, in Iceland, Svalbard, Scandinavia and central Europe (consisting of the European Alps and Pyrenees).
Trend in snow cover extent over the Northern Hemisphere and in Europe
This figure shows satellite-derived time series of snow cover extent for the period 1967–2015 over the Northern Hemisphere (left) and Europe (right). The time series for the Northern Hemisphere is extended back to 1922 by including reconstructed historical estimates.
Trend in snow cover extent over the Northern Hemisphere and in Europe - Trend in snow cover extent in Europe
This figure shows satellite-derived time series of snow cover extent for the period 1967–2015 over the Northern Hemisphere (left) and Europe (right). The time series for the Northern Hemisphere is extended back to 1922 by including reconstructed historical estimates.
Trend in snow cover extent over the Northern Hemisphere and in Europe - Legend left
This figure shows satellite-derived time series of snow cover extent for the period 1967–2015 over the Northern Hemisphere (left) and Europe (right). The time series for the Northern Hemisphere is extended back to 1922 by including reconstructed historical estimates.
Trend in snow cover extent over the Northern Hemisphere and in Europe - Legend right
This figure shows satellite-derived time series of snow cover extent for the period 1967–2015 over the Northern Hemisphere (left) and Europe (right). The time series for the Northern Hemisphere is extended back to 1922 by including reconstructed historical estimates.
Trend in snow cover extent over the Northern Hemisphere and in Europe - Trend in snow cover extent in Europe (Copy 1)
This figure shows satellite-derived time series of snow cover extent for the period 1967–2015 over the Northern Hemisphere (left) and Europe (right). The time series for the Northern Hemisphere is extended back to 1922 by including reconstructed historical estimates.
Trend in yearly cumulated melting area of the Greenland ice sheet
Trend in autumn, winter and spring snow cover extent over the Northern Hemisphere
The figure shows the mean autumn (September, October, November), winter (December, January, February) and spring (March, April, May) snow cover extent over the Northern Hemisphere in 1967–2011 with linear trends.
Maximum extent of ice cover in the Baltic Sea
Maximum extent of ice cover in the Baltic Sea in the winter and 15 year moving average
Maximum extent of ice cover in the Baltic Sea in the winters 1719/20-2022/23 (green bars) and 15 year moving average (blue line). Source: Jouni Vainio, Finnish Meteorological Institute (updated from Seinä and Palosuo 1996; Seinä et al. 2001).