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10 messages for 2010 — protected areas
This report explores the historical trends, most recent progress and projected future progress on climate change mitigation through reduced GHG emissions, renewable energy gains and improved energy efficiency. It builds upon data reported by the EU-27 Member States, five EEA member countries and nine Contracting Parties of the Energy Community. This message is the 2nd in a series of '10 messages for 2010'. Each message provides a short assessment focusing on a specific ecosystem or issue related to biodiversity in Europe. The remaining messages will be published at various intervals throughout 2010. More detailed information on the published and upcoming messages.
10 messages for 2010 — freshwater ecosystems
Freshwater ecosystems in Europe are rich in biodiversity but at risk. They provide essential ecosystem services to humans, such as cleaning water, preventing floods, producing food, providing energy and regulating freshwater resources...
10 messages for 2010 — marine ecosystems
Marine ecosystems provide key services both globally and locally, which are essential for maintaining life on our planet. However, marine biodiversity faces an unprecedented range of pressures. In recent years climate change has caused changes in species distribution and presents new challenges for marine biodiversity as oceans become more acidic.
10 messages for 2010 - Forest ecosystems
Short assessment of the status of the European forest ecosystems
10 messages for 2010 - Agricultural ecosystems
Within the framework of the CAP, the last 50 years have seen increasing attention to biodiversity, but without clear benefits so far. With agriculture covering about half of EU land area, Europe's biodiversity is linked inextricably to agricultural practices, creating valuable agro-ecosystems across the whole of Europe.
10 messages for 2010 - climate change and biodiversity
The variety of life underpins our social and economic wellbeing and will be increasingly an indispensible resource in the battle against climate change. However, our consumption and production patterns are depriving ecosystems of their capacity to withstand climate change and deliver the services we need from them. As we understand more about the ways that climate change is impacting biodiversity, it becomes clear that we cannot tackle the two crises separately. Their interdependence requires us to address them together.
10 messages for 2010 - Coastal ecosystems
Key messages: 1) As an interface between land and sea, European coastlines provide vital resources for wildlife, but also for the economy and human health and well-being. 2) Multiple pressures, including habitat loss and degradation, pollution, climate change and overexploitation of fish stocks, affect coastal ecosystems. 3) Coastal habitat types and species of Community interest are at risk in Europe; two thirds of coastal habitat types and more than half of coastal species have an unfavourable conservation status. 4) Integrated and ecosystem-based approaches provide the foundation for sustainable coastal management and development, supporting socio-economic development, biodiversity and ecosystem services. Coordinated action at the global, regional and local levels will be key to sustainable management of coastal ecosystems.
10 messages for 2010 — Mountain ecosystems
European mountain regions provide essential ecosystem services for lowlands and host a great diversity of habitats and species, many adapted to specific extreme climatic conditions. Mountain ecosystems are fragile and vulnerable, and face severe threats from land abandonment, intensifying agriculture, impacts of infrastructure development, unsustainable exploitation and climate change.
10 messages for 2010 - Urban ecosystems
In Europe, where the overwhelming majority of people live in urban areas, tackling the interlinked challenges between biodiversity and its network of towns and cities is crucial to help halting biodiversity loss.
Sites of Community Importance (SCI) designated for the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in the EU-27 and its current distribution in EU-25 Member States according to the Article 17 EU Habitats Directive Reporting in 2008
Sites of Community Importance (SCI) designated for the Eurasian Otter (Lutra lutra) in the EU-27 and its current distribution in EU-25 Member States according to the Article 17 EU Habitats Directive Reporting in 2008
Weighted population index of species predicted to gain range in response to climatic change (30 species)
How to read the graph: The weighted population index of species expected to gain in range due to climatic change has increased by over 30 % since 1989.
Weighted population trend of species predicted to lose range in response to climatic change (92 species)
How to read the graph: The weighted population index of species expected to lose in range due to climatic change has decreased by 20% since 1989.
Withdrawal of farming in mountain NUTS 3 areas (percentage change in the period 1990–2000)
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Share of green urban areas in European cities, 2006
Cities are core cities following the Urban Audit definition (Eurostat, 2010). In most cases the delineation of the core city matches the urban built-up area. But in some cases the delineation also includes substantial areas outside the urban built-up areas (parts of the urban fringe and hinterland); in other cases, it includes only city centres
Number of mountain Species of Community Interest (Annex II and IV of the EU Habitats Directive) endemic to mountain regions, mountain ranges, and islands of Europe
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Pan-European forest and non-forest map, 2000
Percentage of assessed freshwater animal species in each conservation class in the EU-25 per biogeographic region
The number of assessed species present in each region is given in brackets.
Percentage of Natura 2000 site area not protected under national instruments per EU Member State
Percentage of Natura 2000 site area not protected under national instruments per EU Member State
Pressure changes on wetlands from urban proximity (1990–2000) summarised at NUTS 2 level in parts of the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions
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Proportion of species of Community interest (Annex II and IV of the EU Habitats Directive) endemic to Europe
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Regional indicators of common forest birds in four European regions
Forest naturalness in EEA member and cooperating countries
Area of forest and other wooded land protected to conserve biodiversity, landscapes and specific natural elements in the EEA member and cooperating countries
Causes of changes to coastal ecosystems
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Change in forest connectivity in the EU, 1990–2006
Data from Corine Land Cover (CLC) for the years 1990 and 2006; results aggregated per landscape units of 25 x 25 km2.