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You are here: Home / Data and maps / Maps and graphs / Trends in spring phenology in Europe

Trends in spring phenology in Europe

Created : Oct 05, 2012 Published : Oct 11, 2012 Last modified : Nov 29, 2012 02:29 PM
This figure shows the spring trends of phenology 1971-2000 grouped by their mean onset date. Each dot represents a station. Dot size adjusted for clarity. A negative phenological trend corresponds to an earlier onset of spring.
This is the latest published version. .

GIS data

ZIP archive
26.45 KB
BIODIV03.zip

Metadata

Last upload:
26 Sep 2012
Dynamic
Temporal coverage:
1970-2000
Tags:
terrestrial ecosystems | climate change | biodiversity | phenology | phenological observations
Methodology:

Estrella, Nicole, Sparks, Tim H. und Menzel, Annette, 2009, 'Effects of temperature, phase type and timing, location, and human density on plant phenological responses in Europe', Climate Research, 39(3), S.235–248.

Units:

days/year

Rights:
EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA).
Owners:
European Environment Agency (EEA)
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Figure type:
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Effects of temperature, phase type and timing, location, and human density on plant phenological responses in Europe Effects of temperature, phase type and timing, location, and human density on plant phenological responses in Europe Phenological onset dates are closely linked to temperature. In this study, we analysed a phenological dataset collected during the COST 725 Action 'Establishing a European phenological data platform for climatological applications', which contained more than 36 000 phenological time series for Europe covering 1971-2000. We analysed the temperature response of the phenological phases, their regional differences, and the relationship between the sizes of the local temperature and phenology trends in connection with a high-resolution climate grid of Europe. As an external factor, we examined the influence of human population density on phenology. Our analyses confirm differences in behaviour between annual and perennial plants in Europe. The average temperature response of perennial plants was significantly greater (-4.2 d°C -1 ) than that of annual agricultural crops (-3.0 d°C -1 ). The correlation between temperature and phenology trends was greatest for leaf unfolding of fruit trees and deciduous trees (r=-0.63 and -0.46, respectively). The geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) had only a modest influence on the mean onset of the groups of phases; however, inclusion of altitude improved the models for some groups.

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