Average annual runoff in Europe

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Created : Nov 12, 2009 Published : Jan 01, 2002 Last modified : Nov 29, 2012 11:37 AM

Topics: Water ,

Notes: Map prepared at a 10 km x 10 km grid resolution, showing average run-off with some smoothing of local detail

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Jan 01, 2002 - Average annual runoff

http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/average-annual-runoff-in-europe/map9_1.ai/image_original

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Metadata

Last upload:

01 Jan 2002

Tags:

evaporation | climate | water | precipitation

Geographical coverage:

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Methodology:

Using river flow data from the FRIEND European Water Archive (Gustard, A. [ed.] [1993]: Flow Regimes from International Experimental and Network Data [FRIEND]. In Hydrological Studies, Vol. 1. Institute of Hydrology, Wallingford, UK) and climatological data from the Climate Research Unit, University of East Anglia (Hulme, M., Conway, D., Jones, P.D., Barrow, E.M., Jiang, T. and Turney, C. [1995]: A 1961-90 climatology for Europe for climate change modelling and impacts applications. In Int. Jnl. Clim., Vol. 15, p. 1333-1363).

Rights:

EEA standard re-use policy: unless otherwise indicated, re-use of content on the EEA website for commercial or non-commercial purposes is permitted free of charge, provided that the source is acknowledged (http://www.eea.europa.eu/legal/copyright).

Processors:

UNEP GRID Warszawa

Permalink to this version: 08EAEAF9-76FC-41CA-8191-7BF66795764C
Permalink to latest version: 456634D4-9323-4204-AA9A-749737F51334

Figure type:

Map

Additional information

Based on gauged data from hydrometric networks. Run-off in ungauged areas estimated from an empirical relationship relating run-off to precipitation and potential evaporation (Budyko, M.I. and Zubenok, L.I. [1961]: The determination of evaporation from the land surface. Izv. Akad, Nauk SSSR. In Ser. Geogr., No 6, p. 3-17).