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Water resources in Europe in the context of vulnerability

Publication Created 26 Nov 2012 Published 26 Nov 2012
1 min read
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This report describes how the natural cycle of water availability is continuously coming under threat from a variety of different pressures like droughts and water scarcity, pollution, and flood risks which all increase the vulnerability of the freshwater ecosystems and societies. Land use, water abstraction and climate change are human-induced changes that alter the natural flow regimes that exist in water bodies.
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Publication Created 26 Nov 2012 Published 26 Nov 2012
1 min read
EEA Report No 11/2012
This report describes how the natural cycle of water availability is continuously coming under threat from a variety of different pressures like droughts and water scarcity, pollution, and flood risks which all increase the vulnerability of the freshwater ecosystems and societies. Land use, water abstraction and climate change are human-induced changes that alter the natural flow regimes that exist in water bodies.

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: 978-92-9213-344-3
: TH-AL-12-011-EN-C

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Figures used

Estimated flood peak reductions for different measures in the Kamp catchment (Austria) Peak run-off reduction of different measures (%) compared to return period (years)
Ecological impacts of flooding in the Dijle catchment upstream of Leuven (Belgium) -
Score of the different scenarios of measures in the MCA for the Dijle around Leuven (Belgium) Reference = actual situation including already decided measures; scenario 1 = flood conveyance (infrastructure works in the city); scenario 2 = flood storage concentrated in nature areas upstream; scenario 3 = flood storage distributed in the valley; scenario 4 = further upstream flood storage in Wallonia; scenario 5 = non-structural measures (prevention, flood forecasting, resilience measures and improved assistance). Note that in this exercise, a combined scenario of structural and non-structural measures was not included.
Relative change in EAD Relative change in annual expected damage (EAD)
Observations of seven-day maximum trends across Europe (1962–2004) Trends as % of change
Variability of the WEI+ at Morava river basin (Czech Republic) WEI+ index calculated in monthly time step (calculated using parametr of returns in the denominator) for Morava river basin district shows the variability of the indicator during the year. The annual values of the indicator do not provide clear insight about the vulnerability of the area.
The WEI at river basin and sub-catchment scale within the RBD eastern Sterea Ellada (GR07) (Greece) WEI total (left), for surface water (middle) and groundwater resources (right) at river basin (top) and sub-catchment scale (bottom) within the Greek RBD eastern Sterea Ellada (GR07).
The WEI for the RBD eastern Sterea Ellada (GR07) (Greece) -
Observed drought episodes in Europe (1971–2011) A country is coloured with orange if drought episodes have occurred in that country during the reference decade, regardless of their temporal and spatial (local or nationwide) scale. No distinction between the severity, the frequency and the extent of the events is made.
SPI‑3, Soil Moisture Anomaly and fAPAR Anomaly for the last 10 days of August 2012 Standard precipitation Index for February 2012, for 1, 3, 6 and 12 months
SPI for 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month rainfall totals to the end of February 2012 Standard precipitation Index for February 2012, for 1, 3, 6 and 12 months
Evolution of the SPI3 (February to May 2011) Standard precipitation Index calulated over 3 months
Mapping of drought conditions in Europe Mapping of drought conditions in Europe as calculated by the CDI (based on SPI, soil moisture and fAPAR) for top left 21 March 2012, top right 21 May 2011, and bottom left 1 May 2003. 2003 was known as a dry year for large parts of Europe.
Occurrence of drought (left) and water scarcity (right) in RBMPs Occurrence of Drought in EU RBDs, according to RBMP assessment plus MS information
Relevant pressures for GWBs Relative number of GWB where a pressure is significant (all classified GWBs and GWBs in poor quantitative status)
Archived
Percent of groundwater bodies in poor quantitative status in 2009 per RBD Percentage of groundwater bodies in poor quantitative status by RBDs (counted to GWBs with known quantitative status)
Precipitation versus agricultural demand patterns Monthly agricultural water demand (in%) of total versus monthly rainfall (in% of yearly total)
Draft
Proportion of classified water bodies in different RBDs affected by hydromorphological pressures, for rivers and lakes (left panel) and for coastal and transitional waters (right panel) The percentage is based on total number of classified water bodies. See the indicator specification for more details.
Archived
Proportion of classified surface water bodies in different RBDs holding less than good ecological status or potential, for rivers and lakes (left panel) and for coastal and transitional waters (right panel) The figure shows percentage of the total number of classified water bodies. See the indicator specification for more details.

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For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/water-resources-and-vulnerability or scan the QR code.

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