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Transport and environment: facing a dilemma - TERM 2005

Publication Created 28 Mar 2006 Published 28 Mar 2006
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Indicators tracking transport and environment in the European Union
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Publication Created 28 Mar 2006 Published 28 Mar 2006
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EEA Report No 3/2006
Indicators tracking transport and environment in the European Union

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: 92-9167-811-2
: TH-AL-06-002-EN-C

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Figures used

Great differences in freight transport intensities There is no data for Malta and Liechtenstein
Biodiesel and bioethanol production data (1992-2004) For the years before 2004, data apply to the EU-15 for 2004, production of the EU-25 is taken into account
Current shares of freight transport volume (tonne-km), by mode, EU-25 The figure shows the distribution of freight transport across modes with and without extra-EU transport included
Comparing emission standards - NOX in freight transport
GHG emissions from transport increase Data cover EU-15
Real fuel prices and transport volumes have increased since 1990 The figure illustrates that variation in fuel prices does not have a large impact on development in passenger transport volumes
Trends in transport GHG emissions by country (1990-2003) Data cover all 31 EEA member countries plus Switzerland
Six years of decoupling Includes passenger-km from cars, trains, buses and aircraft
Road transport gains market share Liechtenstein is not included due to a lack of data.
Elasticity of transport demand with respect to fuel price Economic elasticity is the proportional change in one variable relative to the proportional change in another
Total SO2 emissions by mode, including shipping and aviation (for all EEA members except Cyprus) The figure shows the total emission of sulphur by transport in the EEA area
Total number of IFR flights in Eurozone The figure shows the total number of flights under IFR rules (all passenger planes, except a few very small planes)
Comparison of international greenhouse gas emission standards for new passenger cars The figure shows the emission standards or agreements for different regions
Freight transport load factors Load factors are expressed as percentage of available tonne-km with empty running included.
Air transport takes off Romania, Bulgaria, Estonia, Malta, Liechtenstein and Cyprus are not included due to lack of data.
Share of surface transport modes in 2000 The figure shows the share of different surface transport modes in 2000, including the non-motorised modes
Overall well-to-wheel greenhouse gas emissions of various types of biofuels, compared to reference fuel The figure shows the well-to-wheel CO2 emission for different fuel pathways
Passenger rail transport volumes remain roughly stable The figure shows the development in passenger kilometres on the EU rail system
Average annual concentrations of NO2 and PM10 in urban areas The bars represent the average annual concentration over monitoring stations along busy roads
Reducing the emission of particles (PM10)
Ireland on the move Includes passenger-km from cars, trains, buses and aircraft
Correlation of growth of freight transport vs GDP growth The figure shows the correlation between growth in the economy and growth in freight transport
Development of passenger transport volume and GDP in Germany The figure illustrates the unique example of a decrease in German passenger transport volumes in spite of continued, albeit modest, economic growth.
Distance-related charges (2002) Data for 2002 for selected countries
CO2 emissions from new passenger cars ACEA: European automakers association
Freight transport volumes grow along with GDP There is no data for Malta and Liechtenstein
Low-sulphur fuel use in the EU-15 (2003)
Local differences in modal shares Romania, Bulgaria, Estonia, Malta, Liechtenstein and Cyprus are not included due to lack of data.
Passenger transport occupancy
External costs for various modes The three figures show estimates for the external costs of different modes of transport disaggregated on impact categories
Infrastructure charges for rail passenger transport (2003) Data are for 2003
Infrastructure charges levied on rail freight transport in selected countries in 2005 The figure shows the infrastructure charges levied on rail freight in different countries
Road transport dominates the freight market in most countries Liechtenstein is not included due to a lack of data.
Correlation in growth of road transport energy consumption vs growth in fuel prices The figure shows a combination of growth in road transport energy consumption and development in fuel prices (in constant prices) over the period 1991-2002
Transport emissions of air pollutants in EEA member countries International aviation and maritime transport are not included in this figure
Total NOX emissions by mode, including shipping and aviation (for all EEA members except Cyprus) The figure shows the total NOX emissions made by different transport modes in the EEA area
Distance-related charges for the EU-15 in 2002 (EUR/vehicle-km) and minimum estimates for marginal cost The figures show the distance-related charges for petrol and diesel cars in 2002
GHG emissions from transport in the EEA-31 (all EEA members except Cyprus) between 1990 and 2002 The figure shows the growth in emission of greenhouse gases for different regions in Europe.
Correlation in growth of passenger transport vs GDP growth The figure shows the correlation between growth in the economy and growth in passenger transport

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