Use of renewable energy for transport in Europe

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Indicator

ownership

Content responsible Head of Group adds a pickup list of EEA Heads of Group that is responsible for the content.

Metadata

Temporal coverage This property is read-only and it is automatically extracted from this indicator's data visualizations.

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Geographic coverage This property is read-only and it is automatically extracted from this indicator's data visualizations

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UN SDGs Sustainable Development Goals - Choose max 2 goals

Affordable and clean energy

Typology Typology

DPSIR DPSIR (drivers, pressures, state, impact and response model of intervention) is a causal framework for describing the interactions between society and the environment: Human impact on the environment and vice versa because of the interdependence of the components.

Supporting information

Methodology Methodology for indicator calculation and for gap filling. Where relevant, include changes to methodology and subsequent implications for comparability. Also include uncertainties in relation to the indicator calculation and/or to gap filling) if these are considerable.

[{"type": "h4", "children": [{"text": "Methodology for indicator calculation"}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The indicator uses information compiled by Eurostat (for historical trends), supplemented by the EEA\u2019s own approximated estimates for the latest year. This is replaced by the Eurostat value when that becomes available."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The Eurostat data are based on information gained through annual energy statistics (as mandated by "}, {"url": "http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2008/1099/oj", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2008/1099/oj", "target": "_self"}}}, "type": "a", "children": [{"text": "Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008 on energy statistics"}]}, {"text": "), and additional data required for the calculation of the share of energy from renewable sources in transport (RES-T), based on the RED. The EEA approximate estimates for the share are calculated in accordance with the methodology under RED."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The ratio determining a Member State\u2019s RES-T share is defined in the RED. Article 3(4) defines both the numerator and the denominator of the ratio:"}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The denominator is the total amount of energy consumed in transport and includes: \u2018petrol, diesel, biofuels consumed in road and rail transport, and electricity, including electricity used for the production of renewable liquid and gaseous transport fuels of non-biological origin\u2019."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The numerator defines the \u2018energy from renewable sources consumed in transport\u2019. It is the total of compliant biofuels (liquid and gaseous), renewable electricity, hydrogen of renewable origin, synthetic fuels of renewable origin and other forms of renewable energy consumed in the transport sector."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "h4", "children": [{"text": "Methodology for gap filling"}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "No gap-filling is applied.\u00a0"}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "h4", "children": [{"text": "Methodology references"}]}, {"type": "ul", "children": [{"type": "li", "children": [{"text": ""}, {"url": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/38154/4956088/SHARES+tool+manual-2019.pdf/", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/38154/4956088/SHARES+tool+manual-2019.pdf/", "target": "_self"}}}, "type": "a", "children": [{"text": "SHARES Tool Manual"}]}, {"text": " Shares Tool Manual: Describes the Shares Tool that is designed to collect and present the information \u2013 the energy data \u2013 that is needed for the calculations as defined in Article 3 (transport sector) and Article 5 (overall target) of the Directive."}]}]}]

Data sources and providers This property is read-only and it is automatically extracted from this indicator's data visualizations

[{"type": "p", "children": [{"url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/external/share-of-energy-from-renewable-sources-1", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/external/share-of-energy-from-renewable-sources-1", "target": "_self"}}}, "type": "a", "children": [{"text": "Share of energy from renewable sources"}]}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"url": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/approximated-estimates-for-the-share-5", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/approximated-estimates-for-the-share-5", "target": "_self"}}}, "type": "a", "children": [{"text": "Approximated estimates for the share of gross final consumption of renewable energy sources in 2021 (EEA 2021 RES share proxies)"}]}]}]

Definition Clear definition of the indicator, including references to standards and classifications

Unit of measure Unit in which data values are measured.

Policy / environmental relevance The degree to which the indicator meets current/potential needs of users

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Increasing the share of renewable energy in the sector is a key means to reducing emissions and contributing to Europe\u2019s goal of carbon neutrality."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The policy and targets for the energy sector as a whole, and specifically for the transport sector, were established in the "}, {"url": "http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32009L0028", "type": "a", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/ALL/?uri=CELEX:32009L0028", "target": "_self"}}}, "children": [{"text": "Renewable Energy Directive 2009/28/EC"}]}, {"text": " (RED). It requires that all EU countries ensure that by 2020 at least 10% of the fuels in the transport sector come from renewable sources. The RED also established sustainability criteria for biofuels, which must be fulfilled to be considered in the target."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "In 2018, the recast "}, {"url": "http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2018/2001/oj", "type": "a", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2018/2001/oj", "target": "_self"}}}, "children": [{"text": "Renewable Energy Directive 2018/2001/EU"}]}, {"text": " (RED II) was adopted. It extends the legal framework to 2030, setting new targets and extending the requirements for the sustainability of bioenergy. The target set in RED II for the share of energy coming from renewable sources in transport is 14%."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}, {"type": "strong", "children": [{"text": "Targets"}]}, {"text": "\nNo targets have been specified for this indicator."}]}, {"type": "p", "children": [{"text": ""}]}, {"type": "h4", "children": [{"text": "Related policy documents"}]}, {"type": "ul", "children": [{"type": "li", "children": [{"text": ""}, {"url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.328.01.0082.01.ENG", "type": "a", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.328.01.0082.01.ENG", "target": "_self"}}}, "children": [{"text": "Directive (EU) 2018/2001"}]}, {"text": ". Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources "}]}, {"type": "li", "children": [{"text": ""}, {"url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32001L0077&from=en", "type": "a", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32001L0077&from=en", "target": "_self"}}}, "children": [{"text": "DIRECTIVE 2001/77/EC Renewable electricity"}]}, {"text": ". Directive 2001/77/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 September 2001 on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in the internal electricity market "}]}, {"type": "li", "children": [{"text": ""}, {"url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32003L0030&from=en", "type": "a", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32003L0030&from=en", "target": "_self"}}}, "children": [{"text": "Directive 2003/30/EC, use of biofuels and renewable fuels"}]}, {"text": ". Promotion of the use of biofuels and other renewable fuels for transport.\u00a0Directive 2003/30/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 May 2003 on the promotion of the use of biofuels and other renewable fuels for transport. "}]}, {"type": "li", "children": [{"text": ""}, {"url": "http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:140:0016:0062:EN:PDF", "type": "a", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:140:0016:0062:EN:PDF", "target": "_self"}}}, "children": [{"text": "DIRECTIVE 2009/28/EC"}]}, {"text": ". DIRECTIVE 2009/28/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC "}]}, {"type": "li", "children": [{"text": ""}, {"url": "http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32008R1099&from=EN", "type": "a", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32008R1099&from=EN", "target": "_self"}}}, "children": [{"text": "Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008 on energy statistics"}]}, {"text": ". Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2008 on energy statistics (OJ 2008 L 304, p. 1). "}]}, {"type": "li", "children": [{"text": ""}, {"url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52019DC0640", "type": "a", "data": {"link": {"external": {"external_link": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:52019DC0640", "target": "_self"}}}, "children": [{"text": "The European Green Deal"}]}, {"text": ". Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the European Council, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions (COM(2019) 640 final). "}]}]}]

Frequency of dissemination Time interval at which the indicator is published (in years, from 1 to 5). E.g. use 1 if it is published yearly, 2 if it is published every 2 years and so on.

Accuracy and uncertainties Closeness of computations or estimates to the unknown exact or true values that the statistics were intended to measure; closeness of the initial estimated value to the subsequent estimated value. Includes, among others, comparability (geographical and over time).

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Institutional mandate This property is read-only and it is automatically extracted from this indicator's data visualizations

Workflow

Head of group email Email of the head of group (HoG)

Consultation members emails List of consultation members emails, separated by commas.

Kapcsolatfelvétel Contact info

Layout

Blocks The JSON representation of the object blocks.

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However, renewable electricity only constituted just over 3% of total energy used in transport in Norway in 2020.", "@type": "slate", "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "In Norway, the use of renewable electricity in road transport has increased substantially as a result of policies that encourage electric mobility combined with the country\u2019s essentially renewable electricity supply. However, renewable electricity only constituted just over 3% of total energy used in transport in Norway in 2020."}]}]}, "ef0e3c4d-059f-40c3-9722-fef5d4cbd7d6": {"plaintext": "The extent of progress varies among Member States. According to data from Eurostat, only 12 EU countries appear to have achieved the 2020 target of 10% (Sweden, Finland, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Estonia, Hungary, Belgium, Slovenia, Italy, Malta, Austria and Ireland). Preliminary estimates for 2021 show that Italy and Ireland dropped below the 2020 target of 10% in 2021. This is because of growth in the gross final consumption of energy from all fuels in transport as economic activity rebounded after the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile Denmark, Portugal and Spain reached the 10% target in 2021.", "@type": "slate", "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "The extent of progress varies among Member States. According to data from Eurostat, only 12 EU countries appear to have achieved the 2020 target of 10% (Sweden, Finland, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Estonia, Hungary, Belgium, Slovenia, Italy, Malta, Austria and Ireland). Preliminary estimates for 2021 show that Italy and Ireland dropped below the 2020 target of 10% in 2021. This is because of growth in the gross final consumption of energy from all fuels in transport as economic activity rebounded after the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile Denmark, Portugal and Spain reached the 10% target in 2021. "}]}]}, "bccc828d-68e6-4bb9-a609-a0f20366ec94": {"plaintext": "Sweden, which has the highest share of energy from renewable sources in transport, has ambitious targets for the transport sector and uses energy and carbon taxes to achieve these targets: a carbon tax on fuels has been in place since 1991 and exemptions and reductions apply for sustainable biofuels .", "@type": "slate", "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "Sweden, which has the highest share of energy from renewable sources in transport, has ambitious targets for the transport sector and uses energy and carbon taxes to achieve these targets: a carbon tax on fuels has been in place since 1991 and "}, {"type": "zotero", "data": {"footnote": "<?xml version=\"1.0\"?>\n<div class=\"csl-bib-body\" style=\"line-height: 1.35; \">\n <div class=\"csl-entry\">Ministry of Infrastructure, 2020, <i>Sweden’s Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan</i>, Ministry of Infrastructure, Sweden.</div>\n</div>\n", "zoteroId": "B7QTH3P3", "uid": "6kUpY", "footnoteTitle": "Ministry of Infrastructure, 2020, Sweden's Integrated National Energy and , Sweden"}, "children": [{"text": "exemptions and reductions apply for sustainable biofuels"}]}, {"text": "."}]}]}, "02ba4a04-fcfe-4968-806f-1dac3119cfef": {"geolocation": [{"group": ["EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe"], "value": "geo-2782113", "label": "Austria"}, {"group": ["EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU15", "EU25", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe"], "value": "geo-2802361", "label": "Belgium"}, {"group": ["EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe"], "value": "geo-732800", "label": "Bulgaria"}, {"group": ["EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU28", "Pan-Europe"], "value": "geo-3202326", "label": "Croatia"}, {"group": ["EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "Pan-Europe"], "value": "geo-146669", "label": "Cyprus"}, {"group": ["EEA32", "EEA33", "EEA39", "EU25", "EU27", "EU27", "EU28", "Pan-Europe"], "value": "geo-3077311", 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This indicates that the 2020 target of 10% was reached at the EU level. Preliminary EEA estimates suggest that this share stayed at the same 10.2% level in 2021. The increase since 2005 was mainly the result of an expansion in the use of biofuels across Europe: between 2011 and 2020, the amount of energy that came from RED-compliant biofuels and was used in transport more than doubled . Meanwhile, the electrification of road and rail transport has played a small role in the progress made so far.", "@type": "slate", "value": [{"type": "p", "children": [{"text": "In 2020, 10.2% of the total energy used in transport in the EU was from renewable sources, following a steady increase in this share since 2005, when it was just under 2%. This indicates that the 2020 target of 10% was reached at the EU level. Preliminary EEA estimates suggest that this share stayed at the same 10.2% level in 2021. 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