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The pie chart shows the share of the different pathways of introduction of new non-indigenous species (NIS) to Europe's seas over the years 1970 to 2020. The category 'Other' includes several modes of introduction, namely 'Transport-stowaway: other', 'release in nature', 'escape from confinement', 'corridor' and 'unknown'. The stacked column chart shows the trend in the number of new NIS by pathway of introduction between 1970 and 2017, on a 6-year cycle. While introductions by Transport-Stowaway (ballast water, hull fouling and others) remain the prevalent mode, 'unaided' and 'escape from confinement' have grown in importance in the latest assessment cycles.
This dataset contains the list of all-know and verified records of non-indigenous species (NIS) in Europe’s seas, last updated in October 2022, and used to produce the EEA marine indicator on "Marine non-indigenous species in Europe's seas" (MAR002). MSFD D2: "Marine Strategy Framework Directive Descriptor 2"
Annual total water abstraction considered by economic sector i.e. agriculture (including forestry and fishing), electricity cooling, manufacturing cooling, manufacturing, mining and quarrying, construction and public water supply, as defined in NACE (Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Communities) sections. Hydropower is excluded.
Water abstraction is from groundwater and surface water. Surface water contains water abstraction from rivers, reservoirs and lakes. The figure illustrates total annual water abstraction from groundwater and surface water by economic sector, i.e. agriculture, electricity cooling, manufacturing cooling, manufacturing, mining and quarrying, construction and public water supply, as defined in NACE (Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Communities) sections. Hydropower is excluded.
Time series (1870-2021) of decadal average observed sea surface temperature anomalies (°C), with respect to the period 1991-2020, for each of the European basins, for the European seas as a whole, and for the global ocean. Data sources: HadSST4.0.1.0 (1850-2021), ERSSTTv5 (1880-2021), HadISST1 (1870-2021) and satellite-based ESA CCI/C3S SST Climate Data Record v2.1 (1991-2021).
Water exploitation index plus (WEI+) illustrates the percentage of water use versus water available in the respective subbasin.
The graph presents trend with the area of the European Union affected by water scarcity conditions between 2000-2019. Water scarcity conditions is adopted, i.e. when WEI+ values are above 20% for at least a quarter of the year in a given river sub basin; annual quarters are: Q1 (January-March), Q2 (April-June), Q3 (July-September), Q4 (October-December). No sufficient data available from Italy, hence Italian river basins have not been included in the analysis.
This figure gives an overview of the worst quarterly water scarcity conditions (maximum WEI+ in a consecutive 3-month period) of 2019 across countries in Europe. Seasonal WEI+ values are estimated as quarterly averages per country. The worst quarter of the year for water scarcity conditions is provided in brackets next to the name of the country. Annual quarters are: Q1 (January-March), Q2 (April-June), Q3 (July-September), Q4 (October-December). No data is available for Montenegro and Lichtenstein.
The figure shows EU underwater radiated noise (URN) emissions per sea basin per year.
Datasets showing SO2 (2014 and 2019), NOx (2019), PM2.5 (2019) emissions in European shipping areas. These datasets have been prepared in relation to the development of the first European Maritime Transport Environmental Report (EMSA-EEA report, 2021: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/maritime-transport).
The figure shows the spatial variation in nitrogen (N) surplus (left map) and phosporus (P) surplus (right map) for all agricultural land in the EU-27 in 2010 (excluding the United Kingdom and Croatia). The surplus for N is calculated as the sum of N inputs to land (fertiliser, manure and biosolids, atmospheric N deposition, biological fixation and net mineralisation) minus crop removal (offtake). The surplus for P is calculdated as the sum of P inputs to land (fertiliser, manure and biosolids, atmospheric P deposition) minus crop removal (offtake). In the two maps, regions with higher N and P surpluses are coloured in shades of orange and red (with red colours representing N surpluses over 150 kg/ha/yr and P surpluses of 12 kg/ha/yr, respectively). Regions with lower N and P surpluses are shown in shades of green. N surpluses occur in nearly all regions, and are highest in areas with high livestock densities such as the Netherlands, Belgium, Brittany in France and the Po valley region in Italy. Because P is adsorbed by the soil, P surpluses can be negative in areas where crop uptake exceeds P input and P inputs are completely eliminated (so-called P mining), such as in parts of France, Germany, Czechia, Slovakia and Hungary. The maps and the supporting information are adapted from De Vries, W., Romkens, P., Kros, H., Voogd, J.C.H., Schulte-Uebbing, L., 2022, Impacts of nutrients and heavy metals in European agriculture. Current and critical inputs in relation to air, soil and water quality, ETC-DI Report 2022/01, European Environment Agency.
The figure shows the trend of pollutant releases into water in the EU-27 from 2010 to 2020 by using 2010 releases values as reference. In addition, gross value added (GVA) from the industry sector is presented.
The figure shows the percentage of groundwater stations in each EU country and the EU level, exceeding the drinking water standard (50 mg of nitrates per litre) during the last two reporting periods under the Nitrates Directive
The figure shows aggregated time series for monitoring sites (surface waters) or water bodies (groundwater). Only complete time series are included. The selected time series are aggregated by averaging across all sites for each year.
The figure shows the share of bathing water quality classes by year.
Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive concerns the collection, treatment and discharge of urban waste water and the treatment and discharge of waste water from certain industrial sectors. The objective of the Directive is to protect the environment from the adverse effects of the above mentioned waste water discharges. The published output contains data reported in 2022. Current output is provisional, as it is subject to the Commission's compliance check, following which some records may be amended and further information will be added.
For each European country, which reported pesticide data under WISE 6 in time period 2013 to 2020, information on numbers of reported pesticides for both surface waters and groundwater is listed.
The figures show the percentage of monitoring sites with exceedance of effect thresholds or quality standards, set by European or national regulatory standards, and weighted by country area to reduce the impact of uneven data reporting. For surface waters, EU environmental quality standards and (in the absence of those) national regulatory standards were used, reflecting the lowest ecotoxicologically-based effect threshold. Effect thresholds were identified for 120 out of 248 pesticides (48%). The exceedances included here refer to those 120 pesticides. For groundwater, the Groundwater Directive quality standard of 0.1µg/l was used to identify exceedance. Twelve non-relevant metabolites (nrM) were excluded from the assessment.
The figure shows the percentage of monitoring sites with threshold exceedances of pesticides in surface waters, different sized rivers, lakes and groundwater in European countries. This was used to examine threshold exceedances according to Surface Waters; Rivers, small; Rivers, medium; Rivers, large; Lakes, and Groundwater.
For references, please go to https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/find/global or scan the QR code.
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